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Literature cited 110 Strong, D. R., J. H. Lawton, and R. Southwood. 1984. Insects on plants: community patterns and mechanisms. Cambridge, Massachussets, USA., Harvard University Press. Swaine, G. 1969. The coconut stick insect Graeffea crouani Le Guillou. Oleagineux 24: 75-77. Teeder, T., and T. Tammaru. 2002. Cascading effects of variation in plant vigor on the relative performance of insect herbivores and their parasitoids. Ecological Entomology 27: 94-104. Thies, W. 1998. Resource and habitat use in two frugivorous bat species (Phyllostomidae: Carollia perpiscillata and C. castanea) in Panama: Mechanisms of coexistence. (Dissertation). Thompson, J. N., and 0. Pellmyr. 1991. Evolution of oviposition behavior and host preference in Lepidoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 36:65-89. Tscharntke, T., S. Thiessen, R. Dolch, and W. Boland. 2001. Herbivory, induced resistance, and interplant signal transfer in Alnus glutinosa. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 29: 1025-1047. van Dam, N., K. Hadwich, and I. T. Baldwin. 2000. Induced responses in Nicotiana attenuata affect behaviour and growth of the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta. Oecologia 122: 371-379. van Dam, N. M., M. Horn, M. Mares, and I. T. Baldwin. 2001a. Ontogeny constrains the systemic protease inhibitor response in Nicotiana attenuata. Journal of Chemical Ecology 27: 547-568. van Dam, N., U. Hermenau, and I. T. Baldwin. 2001b. Instar-specific sensitivity of specialist Manduca sexta larvae to induced defenses in their host plant Nicotiana attenuata. Ecological Entomology 26: 578-586. van den Bussche, R. A., M. R. Willig, R. K. Chesser, and R. B. Waide. 1989. Genetic variation and genetics of four taxa of neotropical walkingsticks (Phasmatodea, Phasmatidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 90: 422- 427. Venzon, M., A. Janssen, A. Pallini, and M. W. Sabelis. 2000. Diet of a polyphagous arthropod predator affects refuge seeking of its thrips prey. Animal Behaviour 60: 369-375. Volterra, V. 1926. Variazioni e fluttuazioni del numero d'individui in specie animali conviventi. Mem. R. Accad. Naz. dei Lincei. VI(2). Walker, M., and T. H. Jones. 2001. Relative roles of top-down and bottom-up forces in terrestrial tritrophic plant–insect herbivore–natural enemy systems. Oikos 93: 177-187. Waterman, P. G., and S. Mole. 1994. Analysis of phenolic plant metabolites. Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston. White, T. C. R. 1978. The importance of a relative shortage of food in animal ecology. Oecologia 33: 71-86. White, T. C. R. 1993. The Inadequate Environment (Nitrogen and the Abundance of Animals), Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Whiting, M. F., S. Bradler, and T. Maxwell. 2003. Loss and recovery of wings in stick insects. Nature 421: 264- 267. Wiklund, C., B. Karlsson, and O. Leimar. 2001. Sexual conflict and cooperation in butterfly reproduction - a comparative study on polyandry and female fitness. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 268: 1661-1667.
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ECOLOGY OF PHASMIDS (PHASMATODEA) I
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ECOLOGY OF PHASMIDS (PHASMATODEA) I
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Acknowledgements I Acknowledgements
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Table of Contents III 3 Life cycle,
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List of Figures V List of Figures F
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List of Abbreviations VII List of A
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Introduction 2 Regardless whether s
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Introduction 4 Description of phasm
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Introduction 6 Solanum and Piper (T
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Introduction 8 1.3.4 Data analysis
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Community structure & host range 10
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Life history & potential population
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Adult female feeding preference & n
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Page 118 and 119: Literature cited 104 Kearsley, M. J
Page 120 and 121: Literature cited 106 McNeill, S., T
Page 122 and 123: Literature cited 108 Reich, P. B.,
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Page 135: Berger J., Schaefer, M., 1997. Wild
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