ecology of phasmids - KLUEDO - Universität Kaiserslautern

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Literature cited 96 Basset, Y. 1997. Species - abundance and body size relationships in insect herbivores associated with New Guinea forest trees, with particular reference to insect host-specificity. In Stork N. E., J. A. Adis, and R. K. Didham. Canopy arthropods. Chapman & Hall. Basset, Y. 1999. Diversity and abundance of insect herbivores foraging on seedlings in a rain forest in Guyana. Ecological Entomology 24: 245-259. Basset, Y. 2000. Insect herbivores foraging on seedlings in an unlogged rain forest in Guyana: spatial and temporal considerations. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 35: 115-129. Basset, Y., and D. Burckhardt. 1992. Abundance, species richness, hostutilization, and host specificity of insect folivores from a woodland site, with particular reference to host architecture. Rev. Suisse Zool. 99: 771- 791. Basset, Y., G. A. Samuelson, A. Allison, and S. E. Miller. 1996. How many species of host specific insects feed on a species of tropical tree? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 59: 201-216. Basset, Y., H. P. Aberlenc, and G. Delvare. 1992. Abundance and stratification of foliage arthropods in a lowland rain forest of Cameroon. Ecological Entomology 17: 310-318. Beaver, R. A. 1979. Host-specificity of temperate and tropical animals. Science 281: 139-41. Bedford, G. O. 1978. Biology and ecology of the Phasmatodea. Annual Review of Entomology 23: 125-149. Begon, M., J. L. Harper, and C. R. Townsend. 1996. Ecology. 3rd editition. Blackwell Science Ltd. Begon, M., J. L. Harper, and C. R. Townsend. 1996. Ecology: individuals, populations and communities. Blackwell, Boston. Behmer, S. and A. Joern. 1993. Diet choice by a grass-feeding grasshopper based on the need for a limiting nutrient. Functional Ecology 7: 522-527. Behmer, S. and A. Joern. 1994. The influence of proline on diet selection: sex-specific feeding preferences by the grasshoppers Ageneotettix deorum and Phoetaliotes nebrascensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Oecologia 98: 76-82. Belovsky, G. E. 1984. Herbivore optimal foraging: A comparative test of three models. Am. Nat. 124: 7-115. Belovsky, G. E. 1984. Snowshoe hare optimal foraging and its implications for population dynamics. Theor. Pop. Biol. 25(3): 235-264. Belovsky, G. E., J. B. Slade, and B. A. Stockhoff. 1990. Susceptibility to predation for different grasshoppers: an experimental study. Ecology 71: 624–634. Belovsky, G. E., and J. B. Slade. 1995. Dynamics of two montana grasshopper populations - relationships among Iather, food abundance and intraspecific competition. Oecologia 101(3): 383-396. Benrey, B., and R. Denno. 1997. The Slow-Growth-High-Mortality hypothesis: A test using the cabbage butterfly. Ecology 78: 987-999. Beredegue, M., J. T. Trumble, J. D. Hare, and R. A. Redak. 1996. Is it enemy-free space? The evidence for terrestrial insects and freshwater arthropods. Ecological Entomology 21: 203-217. Berenbaum, M. R., A. R. Zangerl, and J. K. Nitao. 1984. Constraints on chemical coevolution: wild parsnips and the parsnip webworm. Evolution 40: 1215-1228.
Literature cited 97 Bergelson, J. M., and J. H. Lawton. 1988. Does foliage damage influence predation on the insect herbivores of birch? Ecology 69: 434-445. Berger, J., and R. Wirth. 2001. Diversity and diet breadth of stick-insects (Phasmatodea) in a Panamanian semi- deciduous rainforest. In Zotz, G., and C. Koerner, (Eds.) Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie 31: 338. Bernard, C. B., H. G. Krishnamurty, D. Chauret, T. Durst, B. J. R. Philogene, P. Sanchezvindas, C. Hasbun, L. Poveda, L. Sanroman, and J. T. Arnason. 1995. Insecticidal Defenses of Piperaceae from the Neotropics. Journal of Chemical Ecology21: 801-814. Bernays, E. A., and R. F. Chapman. 1970. Experiments to determine the basis of food selection by Chortippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the field. J. Anim. Ecol. 39: 761-776. Bernays, E.A. and R.F. Chapman. 1978. Plant chemistry and acridoid feeding behavior. In J. B. Harbone (Ed.) Bio-chemical Aspects of Plant and Animal Coevolution. London, Academic Press. Bernays E. A., D. Chamberlain, and P. McCarthy. 1980. The differential effects of ingested tannic acid on different species of Acridoidea. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 28:158–166 Bernays, E. A., and M. Graham. 1988. On the evolution of host specificity in phytophagous arthropods. Ecology 69: 886-92. Bernays, E. A., G. C. Driver, and M. Bilgener. 1989. Herbivores and plant tannins. Advances in Ecological Research 19: 263-302. Bernays, E. A., and R. F. Chapman. 1994. Host-plant selection by phytophagous insects. Chapman & Hall, New York. Bernays, E. A., K. L. Bright, N. Gonzalez, and J. Angel. 1994. Dietary mixing in a generalist herbivore: tests of two hypotheses. Ecology 75: 1997–2006. Berryman, A. A., N. C. Stenseth, and A. S. Isaev. 1987. Natural regulation of insect herbivores in forest ecosystems. Oecologia 71: 174-184. Beyschlag, W., and H. Pfanz. 1990. A fast method to detect the occurrence of nonhomogeneous distribution of stomatal aperture in heterobaric plant leaves. Oecologia 82: 52-55. Boppré, M., U. Seibt, and W. Wickler. 1984. Pharmacophagy in grasshoppers? Zonocerus attracted to and ingesting pure pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 35: 115-117. Boys, H. A. 1978. Food selection by Oedaleus senegalensis (Acrididae: Orthoptera) in grassland and millet fields. Entomol. Exp. 24: 78-86. Braker, H. E. 1991. Natural history and population biology of a tropical forest grasshopper. Biotropica 23: 41- 50. Braker, H. E., and H. W. Greene. 1994. Animal population ecology and predator-prey interactions. In Ecology and Natural History of a Tropical Lowland Rain Forest. McDade, L. A., K. L. Bawa, H. A. Hespenheide, and G. S. Hartshorn, (Eds.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press: 244-255. Brokaw, N. V. L. 1985. Treefall, regrowth, and community structure in tropical forests. In Picket S. T. A., and P. S. White, (Eds.) Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. Orlando, Florida, Academic Press.
Page 1 and 2:
ECOLOGY OF PHASMIDS (PHASMATODEA) I
Page 5 and 6:
ECOLOGY OF PHASMIDS (PHASMATODEA) I
Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgements I Acknowledgements
Page 9 and 10:
Table of Contents III 3 Life cycle,
Page 11 and 12:
List of Figures V List of Figures F
Page 13:
List of Abbreviations VII List of A
Page 16 and 17:
Introduction 2 Regardless whether s
Page 18 and 19:
Introduction 4 Description of phasm
Page 20 and 21:
Introduction 6 Solanum and Piper (T
Page 22 and 23:
Introduction 8 1.3.4 Data analysis
Page 24 and 25:
Community structure & host range 10
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Life history & potential population
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Adult female feeding preference & n
Page 60 and 61: Adult female feeding preference & n
Page 92 and 93: Predation mediated mortality & migr
Page 105 and 106: Concluding remarks 91 6 Concluding
Page 107: Abstract 93 7 Abstract Herbivory is
Page 112 and 113: Literature cited 98 Brown, B. J., M
Page 114 and 115: Literature cited 100 Croat, T. B. 1
Page 116 and 117: Literature cited 102 Hagerman, A. E
Page 118 and 119: Literature cited 104 Kearsley, M. J
Page 120 and 121: Literature cited 106 McNeill, S., T
Page 122 and 123: Literature cited 108 Reich, P. B.,
Page 124 and 125: Literature cited 110 Strong, D. R.,
Page 127: Appendix 113 9 Appendix Please cont
Page 130 and 131: Appendix 1: Phasmid species previou
Page 133 and 134: Tabellarischer Lebenslauf Angaben z
Page 135: Berger J., Schaefer, M., 1997. Wild
show all

ecology of phasmids - KLUEDO - Universität Kaiserslautern

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?