ecology of phasmids - KLUEDO - Universität Kaiserslautern

List of Figures V
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Study design........................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 1-2: Map of Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. ..................................................................... 6
Figure 1-3: Precipitation on Barro Colorado Island in the years 2000 and 2001 ..................................... 7
Figure 2-1: Species accumulation curve for phasmids recorded along line-transects on BCI................ 17
Figure 2-2: Relative abundances of phasmid at forest edges and in the forest understory..................... 17
Figure 2-3: Temporal fluctuations of absolute phasmid abundances along forest edges ....................... 19
Figure 3-1: Mean daily egg production of M. diocles females in relation to body weight..................... 38
Figure 3-2: Hatching phenology of M. diocles nymphs ......................................................................... 38
Figure 3-3: Model of discrete stepwise population growth of M. diocles .............................................. 39
Figure 4-1: Comparison of paired dual-choice preference tests of M. diocles adult females................. 51
Figure 4-2: Relative leaf toughness of 15 selected M. diocles food plant species.................................. 57
Figure 4-3: Water content of leaves from 15 food plant species of M. diocles. ..................................... 58
Figure 4-4: Specific leaf weight (SLW) from 15 food plant species of M. diocles. ............................... 58
Figure 4-5: Total phenol content of leaves from 15 food plant species of M. diocles............................ 60
Figure 4-6: Feeding preference of M. diocles females ........................................................................... 61
Figure 4-7: Preference of M. diocles females in relation to structural and chemical leaf characters ..... 62
Figure 4-8: Time series of the survival of M. diocles neonate nymphs on single food plant species..... 63
Figure 4-9: Relative growth rates of M. diocles nymphs on single food plant species .......................... 65
Figure 4-10: Relative growth rates of nymphs in relation to structural and chemical leaf characters.... 66
Figure 4-11: Relative survival of nymphs in relation to structural and chemical leaf characters.......... 66
Figure 4-12: Feeding preference of nymphs under varying levels of leaf total phenol content ............. 68
Figure 4 -13: Feeding preference of M. diocles nymphs under varying levels of leaf tannin content….68
Figure 5-1: Cumulative survival of phasmid nymphs in exclosures versus controls.............................. 82
Figure 5-2: Mortality of nymphs in exclosures versus controls at night and in the day......................... 82
Figure 5-3: Plant size and migratory behavior of nymphs...................................................................... 85