Book Rough Final leout 2065-5-6 @ - Forestry Nepal

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Bat Conservation in Nepal
(An Educational Kit)
Author
Hari Adhikari
Co- authors
Gandhiv Kafle
Raj Kumar Koirala
This publication has been made possible with funding from
" Bat conservation International: Global Grassroot Award, 2008"
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o; k'l:tsfnfO{ tof/ kfg{ pNn]vgLo ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] kf}n P /];L, (Chair,
IUCN SSC Chiroptera specialist Group), jf/j/f k|m]Gr, /f]j6{ nf]SnL, aa nf]SnL,
k]u n]p lxO{ (Bat conservation International), Plnp;g jfN;, j| ]g kk
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d]/Ld'Ty', lj= P= 8]lgPn, nfyf /jL s'df/, k|ljg s'df/ (Chiroptera Conservation
and Information Network of South Asia ( CCINSA), Zoo Outreach
Organization (ZOO), South Asian Bat Monitoring
Programmme (Pterocount.org) dfO{sf hf]8{g ( Chair (Europe and
North Asia) IUCN SSC Reintroduction Specialist Group) nfO{ ljz]if
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Table of Contents
Introduction of Nepal !=
Introduction of Bats @=
Evolution of Bats $=
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Where are Bats found ? $=
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Habitat of Bats $=
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Status of Bats in Nepal ^=
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Feelings about Bats ^=
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Types of Bats &=
Importance of Bats *=
Lifespan of Bats (=
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Courtship and Reproduction of Bats (=
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Table of Contents
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Hibernation !)=
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Feeding behaviour of Bats !!=
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Importance of Bats in ecosystem !!=
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Why Bats hangs up side down ? !!=
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Constraints on Bats conservation !@=
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Ways to conserve Bats !#=
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Organizations working on Bat conservation !#=
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Bats House !$=
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Reference !%=
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@ Bat Conservation International
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nu]/ 5f]8\g' k5{ / ;s];Dd ;fFemdf 5f]8\bf pQd x'G5 .
g]kfndf rd]/fsf] cj:yf
;+;f/df /x]sf !,!!^ k|hfltsf rd]/f dWo] g]kfndf hDdf %# k|hfltsf /x]sf 5g\
. blIf0f Pl;ofdf kfOg] rd]/fsf k|hflt dWo] g]kfndf dfq} $)=^Ü k|hflt kfO{G5g\
, h;n] g]kfnnfO{ ef/t kl5sf] bf]>f] rd]/f kfOg] b]z agfPsf] 5 . CAMP
Report sf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf @ j6f k|hflt clt b'n{e , ! k|hflt
b'n{e, % k|hflt ;+j]bgzLn, @) k|hflt hf]lvd glhs, !& k|hflt sd rf;f]sf /
% j6f tYofÍ gk'u]sf ju{df kb{5g\ .
rd]/f;DjGwL dflg;sf] wf/0ff
rd]/f] rd]/f] rd]/f] rd]/f] rd]/f] /]ljhaf6 /]ljhaf6 /]ljhaf6 /]ljhaf6 /]ljhaf6 u|l;t u|l;t u|l;t u|l;t u|l;t x'G5 x'G5 x'G5 x'G5 x'G5 . . . . .
jf:tadf rd]/f] dflg;sf] nflu 3fts x' “b}g . rd]/fsf] Hofb} Go"g
k|hfltdfq} /]ljhjf6 ;+qmldt x'G5 .
rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] /ut /ut /ut /ut /ut vfG5 vfG5 vfG5 vfG5 vfG5 . . . . .
-e]DkfP/ r]d/fx?_ blIf0f tyf dWo cd]l/sfdf dfq kfOg] ub{5g\ . oL
rd]/fx?dflg;sf] /utdf cfl>t geO{ kz'sf] /utdf cfl>t x'g] ub{5g\ .
% ^

d]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] dflg;nfO{ dflg;nfO{ dflg;nfO{ dflg;nfO{ dflg;nfO{ cfqmd0f cfqmd0f cfqmd0f cfqmd0f cfqmd0f u5{ u5{ u5{ u5{ u5{ . . . . .
rd]/f] Hofb} g} nhfn' k|f0fL xf] . c;'/lIft dx;'; ePsf v08df
rd]/fn] cfqmd0f ug{] u5{g\ .
rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f cGwf cGwf cGwf cGwf cGwf x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ . . . . .
kmnkm"n vfg] ;Dk"0f{ r]d/fx?n] k|i6 ?kdf b]Vg ;S5g\ . ls/f vfg] rd]/fdf
dWod bl[i6 ePklg ;"Id >j0f ug{ ] Ifdtf k"0f{ ?kdf ljsl;t ePsf] x'G5 .
rd]/fx? rd]/fx? rd]/fx? rd]/fx? rd]/fx? kmf]x/L kmf]x/L kmf]x/L kmf]x/L kmf]x/L x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ x'G5g\ . . . . .
rd]/fx? w]/} g} ;kmf;'Uw/ x'G5g\ . lbgdf w]/} k6s cfˆgf aRrfsf] ;/
;kmfOdf Jo:t x'G5g\ .
rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f rd]/f e"t, e"t, e"t, e"t, e"t, k|]t k|]t k|]t k|]t k|]t / / / / / lkrf;sf lkrf;sf lkrf;sf lkrf;sf lkrf;sf k|ltd"lt{ k|ltd"lt{ k|ltd"lt{ k|ltd"lt{ k|ltd"lt{ x'g\ x'g\ x'g\ x'g\ x'g\ . . . . .
rd]/fn] dflg;sf nflu g/fd|f]eGbf a9L /fd|f] ug{ ] u5{ . Pl;ofsf] s]xL efudf
r]d/fnfO{ ;f}efUosf] k|tLs dflgG5 . ef/tdf hxfF rd]/fsf] em'08 /xg] u5{ To;
If]qdf wg bf}ntsf] vfgL x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; 5 .
rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] rd]/fn] au}rfsf au}rfsf au}rfsf au}rfsf au}rfsf kmnkm"n kmnkm"n kmnkm"n kmnkm"n kmnkm"n vfg] vfg] vfg] vfg] vfg] u5{g\ u5{g\ u5{g\ u5{g\ u5{g\ . . . . .
rd]/fx? Ps bd} a9L kfs]sf kmnkm"nx?k|lt dfq cfslif{t x'G5g\ . o:tf
kmnkm"n ;+sng ug{ ] tyf ahf/ ;Dd nu]/ laqmL ug{ ;lsg] ;do kf/ ul/;s]sf
x'g] x'gfn] rd]/fn] k'¥ofpg] Iflt guGo dfGg ;lsG5 .
dflg;df rd]/f;DaGwL unt wf/0ff 5g\ . To;}n] o; k|f0fLsf af/]df w]/} cWoog
ug' { kg{ ] cfjZostf b]lvG5 . rd]/f;DaGwL cg';Gwfg ug{ ;fx} | /dfOnf] /
r'gf}tLk"0f{ klg x'g] ub{5 .
rd]/fsf] k|sf/
rd]/fnfO{ b'O{ ;d"xdf ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 . kmnk"mnnfO{ cfxf/ agfpg] rd]/f
Megachiropterans ju{df k5{g\ eg] vfgfdf s'g} aGb]h gePsf rd]/f
Microchiropterans ju{df kg] { u5{g\ .
Mega chiroptera df Ps kl/jf/ Pteropodidae / !* k|hflt
kb{5g\ h;df w]/} h;f] zfsfxf/L 5g\ . oL rd]/fx?sf] b]Vg] zlQm w]/} g} /fd|f]
x'G5. oL rd]/fx? sbflk dflg;sf] 3/ leq k:b}gg\ . oL rd]/fx? ;fsfxf/L
x'G5g\ t/ slxn]sfxL s]xL ls/fx? cs:dft\ lgNg] u5{g\ . oL rd]/fx?
hf8f]df klg ;ls|o x'G5g\ .
Microchiroptera df !^ kl/jf/ / (#) k|hflt kb{5g\ h;df w]/}h;f]
k|hflt ls/fdf e/ kb{5g\ . Microchirptera df cToGt k|efjzfnL echolocation
x'g] ub{5 h;n] ubf{ b"/L, lbzf / ef]hg kQf nufpFb5 . oL rd]/fx?sf]
b]Vg] b[li6 ;fx| } sdhf]/ x'G5, / dflg;x?sf] 3/df a:g] / k:g] ub{5g\ . oL
k|hfltsf rd]/fx? ls/f vfG5g\ / nfdf] lgGb|f -Hibernation) df hfg] u5{g\ .
ljZjdf !))) eGbf a9L k|hfltsf rd]/f kfOG5g\ , h;df @ ld6/ nfdf]
kv]6f ePsf] Tropical flying fox b]lv blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;ofdf kfOg]
Hog-noxed Bat ;Dd kb{5g\ .
rd]/fsf] dxTj
rd]/f kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnLsf] dxTjk"0f{ k|f0fL xf] . rd]/fsf] ;+/If0f ug' {
eg]sf] k|s[lt / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ug' { xf] .
/fltdf p8\g] ls/fx?sf] ;+Vof lgoGq0f ug{ rd]/fsf] k|d'v e"ldsf /x]sf]
5 . o;jf6 ls/f lgoGq0fsf] vr{ sd x'g hfG5 .
rd]/fn] jf]6lj?jfsf] ljp ljt/0f / k/fu;]rg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5
. vfnL If]qdf gofF jgsf] k'gM ljsf; x'g (%Ü ljp ljt/0fsf] sfo{df rd]/fs}
e"ldsf x'G5 . Macro rd]/f -7"nf kmnkm"n vfg] rd]/f_ x? kfs]sf] kmnkm"n
vfg ?rfpF5g\ h'g ljp pgLx?sf] kfrg k|0ffnLaf6 lgl:sP/ agdf lji6sf]
dfWodaf6 5l/g] ub{5 . kmnkm"n vfg] rd]/fn] xhf/f} + ljpx? 5g{ ] sfd u5{g\
h;n] ubf{ k'gM jg lgdf{0f / pTkfbgdf pNn]vlgo e"ldsf v]N5 .
EofDkfo/ -/ut lkpg]_ rd]/fsf] ;flnefjf6 k|fKt PlG6sf]u'nfnfO{ k|zf]wg
u/L d'6'sf lj/fdLx?nfO{ pkrf/sf] nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 .
rd]/fsf] lji6f -u'cfgf]_ ;+;f/sf] !) pTs[i6 k|f+ufl/s dnx? dWo]df
kb{5 . rd]/fn] xflgsf/s ls/f km6\ofª\u|f tyf ;8\g nfu]sf kmnkm"nnfO{ clt
pkof]uL k|f+ufl/s dndf kl/0ft u/L s[ifsx?nfO{ bf]xf]/f] kmfObf k'¥ofpFb5g\ . ;fy}
rd]/fsf] lji6f n'uf w'g] ;fa'g tyf kfp8/df ;d]t k|of]u ug{ pkof]uL kfOPsf] 5
. cf}iflw lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] If]qdf klg rd]/fsf] Jofks ?kdf k|of]u
x'g] u/]sf] 5 . d'6';DaGwL tyf /]ljh /f]usf] pkrf/, s[lqd c+u k|Tof/f]k0f
& *

nufotsf zNolqmof, ljleGg vf]k pTkfbg, 3/]n' cf}iflwx? tyf cGwf
dflg;sf] nflu ;f+s]lts efiffsf] ljsf;df rd]/fsf] cWoogaf6 7"nf] ;xof]u
ldn]sf] 5 .
rd]/fsf] cfo'
;fdfGotof rd]/fsf] cfo' c? h+unL k|f0fL eGbf nfdf] x'G5 .
rd]/fsf] s'g} k|hflt #) jif{;Dd afRg ;S5 .
cfkm\gf] nfdf] cfo'df kf]yL rd]/fn] Psk6sdf ! b]lv @ ;Dd aRrf
hGdfpg] u5{g\ t/ cfo'e/df w]/}k6s hGd lbg] u5{g\ . cGo 7"nf :tgwf/L
k|f0fLsf] h:t} k'g?Tkfbg ug{ ] x'gfn] rd]/fsf] cfo' 7"nf :tgwf/L k|f0fLsf]
cfo';+u d]n vfg k'U5 .
;fgf] v}/f] rd]/f] (Myotis Lucifigus) ;a} eGbf cTolws afr]sf]
rd]/f] xf] . Ps JolQmn] cfkm"n] 5f]8]sf] ## jif{kl5 k'g o; rd]/fnfO{ afFr]sf]
b]v]sf lyP . of] rd]/f] jo:s cj:yfdf hDdf & u|fd x'G5 .
rd]/fsf] k|hgg k|s[of
ljleGg k|hfltsf rd]/fdf k|hgg k|lqmof km/s km/s lsl;dsf] x'g]
u5{ . w]/} ;+Vofdf rd]/f ljleGg Ct'x?df Aofpg] u5{g\ . vf;u/L l;tf]i0f
If]qdf kfOg] k|hfltx? Hibernation df hfg'eGbf klxnf Aofpg] u5{g\ . t/
pi0f If]qsf k|hfltx? cf]l;nf] / ;'Vvf ;dodf rqmLo ?kdf Aofpg] u5{g\ .
hj kf]yL -lglis|o cj:yf_ rd]/f lglis|o cj:yfaf6 j;Gt Ct'df aflx/
cfpF5g\ tj cG8f ;lqmo eO{ ue{wf/0f x'G5 . To;kl5 ule{0fL kf]yL Tof] 7fpF
5f]8]/ Gofgf] u' F8df :yfgfGt/0f ul5{g\, hxfF lzz':ofxf/sf] sfo{ ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5.
:yfgfGt/0fkl5 nueu 8]9b]lv b'O{ dlxgfsf] aLrdf gofF aRrfsf] hGd x'G5.
To;kl5 gofF aRrfsf] ljsf; tLa| ?kdf x'G5 / sl/j # xKtfd} p8\g klg
l;Sb5g\ . otf efn] / k|hgg gu/]sf kf]yLx? cljjflxt ;d"xdf 5'l§G5g\ .
k|foM &)Ü rd]/fn] ls/f vfG5g\, k|foM pi0f k|hfltx? kmnk"mn / /; vfG5g\.
yf]/} k|hfltx? df+;xf/L x'G5g\ / ;fgf 9f8 ePsf hLjx?nfO{ l;sf/ u5{g\ .
# k|hflt dfq /Qmo"kL x'G5g\ . ltgLx?n] dflg;nfO{ s'g} xdnf ub} {gg\ /
Nofl6g cd]l/sfdf a:b5g\ .
;fdfGo ?kdf kf]yL rd]/fn] Psk6sdf ! b]lv @ jRrfnfO{ hGd
lbG5g t/ Lasiurus ju{df kg] { rd]/fn] Psk6sdf # b]lv $ jRrfnfO{ hGd
lbg] u5{g . gjhft rd]/fsf] cfkm\gL cfdfsf] z/L/sf] !) b]lv #) Ü cf};t
tf}n x'g] ub{5 . gjhft rd]/fx? k"0f{ ?kdf a9\g / e/0fkf]if0fsf] nflu
cfˆgf cfdfsf] e/ k5{g\ . vf; u/L Pteropodidae ju{df kg] { rd]/fsf] ]
5fp/f] -Pup_ sf] hGdg] a]nfdf v'nf cf“vf / lhpdf e'Tnf x'g] ub{5 .
rd]/fx? hGdg] ljlQs} p8\g ;Sb}gg\ . To;f] x'gfn] oL aRrfx?
cfˆgL cfdf, cfxf/ ljxf/ ug{ uPsf] avt u'kmf, ?vsf] vfFr, ?vsf] xfFuf
cflb ePsf 7fpFdf a:g] ub5{g\ , cGoyf cfdfsf] lhpdf em'l08P/ 3'Dg] u5{g\
. w]/} k|hfltsf] rd]/fsf kf]yLx?n] dft[Tj j:tL agfO{ cfkm\gf] lzz'sf] e/0f
kf]if0f ug{ ] u5{g\ . ha cfdf rd]/f cfkm\gf] u'0f aflx/ cfxf/ vf]Hg hfG5g\ ta
;Dk"0f{ aRrfx? Ps u'R5f eO{ zlQm Pjd\ tfk arfpg] ub{5g\. o;/L] cfdfsf]
lkmtL{ x'gf;fy ;Dk"0f{ aRrfx?n] cf–cfkm\g} lsl;dsf] cfjfh lgsfNgfn]
cfdfx?n] aRrf lrGg] u5{ / k'gM e]6 x'g] u5{g\ . t/ s'g} rd]/f k|hfltx?
aRrfsf] :ofxf/ ;';f/ ;fd'bflos ?kdf ug{ ] u5{g\ . hjfg cj:yfsf rd]/f
hGd]sf] @ b]lv $ xKtfdf p8\g] u5{g\ . rd]/fsf] b'w vfg] cj:yf Hofb} sd
x'g] ub{5 t/ rofkrozLn kl/jt{glzn cj:yfdf b'w vfg] cj:yf dfu eP
klg (Lactation period_ sd x'g] ub{5 .
rd]/fsf] lglis|o cj:yf
hf8f] df};ddf yf]/} dfqfdf ls/fx? e]l6G5g\ . To;}n] ls/fvfg]
k|f0fLx?n] hf8fdf afRgsf] nflu leGg lsl;dsf] tl/sf ckgfpg' k5{ .
r/fx? o;sf nflu blIf0flt/] Gofgf] k|b]zdf j;fO;/fO u5{g\ . t/ rd]/fx?
o;sf nflu lglis|o cj:yf (Hibernation) df hfG5g\ . z/b Ct'df
rd]/fn] cfˆgf] tf}n a9fpF5 . To;kl5 ha hfF8f] ;'? x'G5 . ta ltgLx?
cfˆgf] z/L/sf] tfkqmd 36fpF5g\ / x[boult Psbd sd u/fpF5g\ , nueu Ps
w8\sg k|lt ldg]6 . of] cj:yfnfO{ ;':tL (Torpor) elgG5 / o;/L rd]/fn]
cfˆgf] vfB;+ronfO{ w]/} ;dosf] nflu k'¥ofpF5 .
rd]/fsf] cfˆgf] z/L/sf] tkqmddf /fd|f] lgoGq0f x'G5 . udL{df klg
rd]/fx? yf]/} ;dosf nflu ;':t cj:yfdf hfG5g\ . o;n] ubf{ ltlgx?nfO{
cfxf/ sd ePsf] ;dodf klg afRg ;lhnf] x'G5 . crDd}sf] s'/f t of] 5
( !)
!)

ls, rd]/fx? k"/} hfF8f]e/L ;'Tb}gg\ / dWo ;fFemdf ls/f kfOg] x' Fbf l;sf/ ub{5g\
. w]/} hf8f] /ftdf rd]/fx? Gofgf] jf;:yfgdf kv]6fleq a:5g\ . p8\bf w]/}
pmhf{ vkt x'g] ePsfn] pgLx? ;d"x agfP/ Ps 7fpFdf al;/xG5g\ .
rd]/fsf] ef]hg ug{ ] z}nL
;a} rd]/f k|hfltdf Ps} k|sf/sf] ef]hg ug{ ] Jojxf/ xF 'b}g . w]/} h;f] r]d/f
ecolocation sf] dfWodaf6 s'g} klg j:t'sf] nDafO, rf}8fO, df]6fO kQf
nufO{ ls/fsf] l;sf/ ug{ ] u5{g\ . t/ kmnkm"n vfg] rd]/fn] uGw / cfvfFsf]
b[li6sf] dfWodaf6 ef]hg kQf nufpF5g\ . Flying fox n] cfˆgf] nfdf] a'9L
cf}nfsf] ;xfotfn] kmnkm"nnfO{ cfk"mlt/ tfGg ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb5g\ . df5f vfg]
rd]/fn] ecolocation sf] dfWodaf6 kfgLleqsf] df5fsf] pkl:ylt kQf
nufpg] ub{5 . e]DkfP/ rd]/fx? bf}8g, p8\g, lx8\g / pk|mg ;S5g\ . oL
r]d/fsf] d'v leqPs lsl;dsf] t/n kbfy{ x'G5 h;n] ubf{ r/f tyf cGo
:tgwf/L jGohGt'sf] /ut g;'lssg o;n] clj/n ?kdf /Qmkfg ug{ ;S5 .
s]xL rd]/f k|hflt k"0f{ ?kdf df+zeIfL x'G5g\ / ;fgf k[i7j+zfl:y x'g] hLjdf
cfxf/sf] nflu cfwfl/t x'G5g\ . &)Ü eGbf a9L rd]/f k|hflt ls/fdf e/
kb{5g\. blIf0f tyf dWo cd]l/sfdf dfq kfpg] EofDkfP/ rd]/f /utdf e/
kb{5g\ . oL dWo] b'O{ k|hflt r/fx?sf] / Ps k|hflt h+unL :tgwf/L k|f0fLsf]
/ut vfg] u5{g\ .
rd]/fsf] kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnLdf e"ldsf
rd]/fsf w]/} k|hfltn] ls/f km6\ofª\u|fsf] l;sf/ u/L ltgsf] hg;+Vof lgoGq0f
u5{gg\ . ;fy} kmnkm"n vfg] rd]/fn] ljleGg ?vlj?jfdf k/fuz]rg / ljp
lj;h{g ug{ ] u5{g . ;fy} rd]/f cGo k|f0fL h:t} rLn, pNn', afem, ;k{ cflbsf]
l;sf/ eO{ kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnLnfO{ lgoGq0f u5{g\ .
rd]/fx? lsg pN6f] em'lG8G5g\ <
rd]/fdf r/fsf] h:tf] vf]qmf] x8\8L geO{ cGo :tgwf/L k|f0fLsf] h:t} x8\8L x'g]
ub{5 . h;n] ubf{ pgLx?sf] lhp u¥x' Fuf] x'g] ub{5 . o;/L pN6f] em'l08gfn]
rd]/fnfO{ xfjfdf emg{ / p8fg eg{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . o;f] ugf{n] logLx? cfˆgf]
;q'af6 aRg ;Sb5g\ .
rd]/f ;+/If0fsf ;d:ofx?
rd]/fsf] ;+Vof ljutsf s]xL jif{x?df 36\b} uPsf] kfO{G5 .
rd]/fsf] af;:yfgdf dfgljo x:tIf]k x'g', ls/f km6\ofª\u|fx?nfO{
cf}ifwL /fvL dfg{', 3/sf] 5t / w'/L agfpg k|of]u ul/g] sf7df ljleGg
ljiffbL k|of]u ug', gf6lso ?kdf rd]/fsf] vfg] :yfg 36\g', rd]/fsf]
a;f]af; ug{] :yfgdf afwf k'¥ofpg', rd]/fsf] lzsf/ ul/g', ;8s lgdf{0f
tyf vfgL If]q ;+rfng ug'{ g} rd]/fsf nflu k|d'v r'gf}tL x'g\ .
sl/a lj; k|hfltsf rd]/fx? blIf0f Pl;ofdf df;'sf] nflu lzsf/
ul/g] ul/G5 .
rd]/fsf] lzsf/ ug]{ d'n lzsf/Lx?df nf6f]sf];]/f], ;k{, lzsf/L r/f,
df+;xf/L :tgwf/L / :j+od rd]/f kg]{ ub{5g\ . lo lzsf/Lx?sf] nflu rd]/f
Psbd} ;lhnf] lzsf/ x'g] ub{5 lsgls
lolgx? ;fFemkv 7"nf] hdftdf
jf;:yfgaf6 aflx/ cfpg] u5{g\ /
lbgdf af;:yfg leq lg:s|Lo cj:yfdf
x'G5g\ .
jf;:yfgaf6 aflx/ hdftd}
cfpg] x'gfn] aflx/ 9's]/ a;]sf ;k{
jf lrnx?n] plgx?nfO{ lg:sg]
ljlQs} cfqmd0f u/L lzsf/ ug]{ ub{5g\
. rd]/fsf] aRrf h'g p8\g ;Sb}g
hldgdf v;]sf] v08df lzsf/ x'g]
;+efjgf a9L x'G5 .
nf6f]sf];]/f] h;nfO{ Ps s'zn
lzsf/L dflgG5, s'g} rd]/f PSn} pl8/x]sf
j]nf eg] rfFlx nf6f]sf];]/fn] rd]/fsf]
lzsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g . lzsf/ x'g af6
aRgsf] nflu rd]/f lbgdf cfˆgf] ;'/lIft
3]/f leq a:g] ub{5g\ / /fltdf ultzLn
eO{ lg:s]/ pl8/xG5g\ . rd]/fx?sf]
lhpFsf] /+u uf8f ePsf]n] /flt b]Vg
ufx|f] x'G5 . @ Bat Conservation International
!! !!
!@ !@
!@

d]/f ;+/If0fsf pkfox?
rd]/f ;+/If0fsf] nflu xfdLn] ug{] ;a} eGbf klxnf] sfo{qmd eg]sf]
;d'bfosf dflg;x? / ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;+:yfnfO{ o; sfo{df kl/rfng
ug'{ xf] .
o;sf ;fy} rd]/f ;+/If0fsf] nflu b]xfosf pkfox? klg cjnDjg ug' { kb{5 .
� ag h+un ;+/If0f ug{ ]
� ?v, u'kmf, k'/fgf ejg ;fy} s'g} klg jf; :yfgnfO{ gvNanfpg] .
� rd]/f a;f]af; ug{ ] ?vx? gsf6\g] .
� rd]/fsf af;:yfg kQf nufpg] / s'g} xfgL gk'¥ofO{ ltgsf] cjnf]sg
cWoog ug{ ] .
� af;:yfgsf] glhssf] af6f] Jojl:yt ug{ ] .
� rd]/fsf] af/]df hfgsf/L / dxTjaf/] cWoog ug{ rd]/f ;d"x -Bat club_
:yfkgf ug{ ] .
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South Asia (CCINSA), Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), IUCN,
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Resources Research and Conservation Centre (NaRiCon),
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Refer References Refer ences
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_ Bat Conservation Times, A Bat Conservation International Inc.,
Publication 2006, 2007 and 2008 edition
_ S. Molur, G. Marimuthu, C. Srinivasulu, S. Mistry, A. Hutson,
P.J.J. Bates, S. Walker, K. Padma Priya and A.R. Binu Priya
(Editors) (2002). Status of South Asian Chiroptera:
Conservation Assessment and Management Plan (C.A.M.P.)
Workshop Report. Zoo Outreach Organisation, Conservation
Breeding Specialist Group South Asia and Wildlife Information
& Liaison Development Society, Coimbatore, India, viii+320pp.
_ Acharya, Puspa Raj and Ruedas, Luis (2007); The Bat Fauna
of Nepal: A Current Conpectus. Bat Net Newsletter, Newsletter
of the Chiroptera Conservation and Information Network of
South Asia CCINSA and the IUCN SSC Chiroptera Specialist
Group of South Asia ( CSGSA), Volume 8, number 1-2, Jan-
Dec 2007.
_ Publication of Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), Chiroptera
Conservation and Information Network of South Asia
(CCINSA), Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society,
India (WILD) in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008.
_ Adhikari, Hari (2008). History, importance, status of bats and
their threats in Nepal, The Prabhat, Annual Official Magazine of
ANNFSU, Year 15, Publication 14, Volume -1, Page 47-50.
_ Walker Sally, My batty booklet, Zoo Outreach Organization
(ZOO). www.zooreach.org
_ Bates, Paul JJ and Harrison, David L (1997). Bats of Indian
subcontinent Harrison zoological Mueseum Publication.
_ Prater, S.H.(1998) The Book of Indian Animals, BNHS, Oxford
University Press.
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– http://www.batcon.org/home/default.asp
– http://www.bats.org.uk/
– http://www.zoosprint.org/
– http://www2.lubee.org/Chiroptera-Specialist-Group-Bat-
Conservation.html#
– http://www.zooreach.org/Networks/Chiroptera/
Chiroptera.html
– http://intergate.cccoe.k12.ca.us/bats/
– http://www.flyingfoxconservationfund.com/home.html
– http://www.bu.edu/cecb/BATS/publications.html
– http://www.batconservation.org/
– Pterocount.org- South Asian Bat Monitoring Programme
http://www.pterocount.org/
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!^
Hari Adhikari

g]kfnsf rd]/fx? (Bats of Nepal)
S..N Scientific name (SN) Common name (CN) Redlist (RL)/ Places where these bats
Pteropodidae
NP list are found
1 Rousettus
leschenaulti
Leschenault’s rousette NT Boitari, Kathmandu
2 Pteropus giganteus Indian flying fox LC / CITES II Kathmandu, Palpa, Jhapa
3 Cynopterus sphinx Greater short–nosed LC Chisapani,Salthar,
fruit bat
Barabisse, Shebu, Wana,
Tumlingtar
4 Sphaerias blanfordi
Megadermatidae
Blanford’s fruit bat NT Eastern Nepal.
5 Megaderma lyra Greater false vampire LC Hazaria, Kathmandu,
Rhinolophidae
bat
Barabisse
6 Rhinolophus affinis Intermediate
LC Bouzini, Kathmandu,
horseshoe bat
Dulegounda, Syanjya,
Bimalnagar
7 Rhinolophus
Greater horseshoe NT / CITES III Kathmandu Valley,
ferrumequinum bat
Najarkot, Annigera,
Gorepani, Langtang,
Ramechhap.
8 Rhinolophus lepidus Blyth’s horseshoe bat NT Sindu District,Illam District
9 Rhinolophus luctus Wooly Horseshoe bat NT Chalna-Khel, Banss Bahari,
Bouzini, Num
10 Rhinolophus
Big Eared Horseshoe NT Kathmandu valley,
macrotis
bat
Dukegauda, Syangya,
Batulechaur, Kerabari
11 Rhinolophus
Pearson’s horseshoe LC Parchung, Bimalnagar,
pearsonii
bat
Sundarijal
12 Rhinolophus pusillus Least horseshoe bats LC Pokhara, Sooddarijal,
Kathmandu Valley,
Nagerjunban,
13 Rhinolophus rouxii Rufous horseshoe bats NT Sipuri, Thankot, Parchung,
Godavari, Phulchowki,
Num
14 Rhinolophus
Little Nepalese
EN Kathmandu Valley,
subbadius
Hipposideridae
Horseshoe bat
Pokhara Valley
15 Hipposideros armiger Great Himalayan leaf LC Kathmandu Valley,
nosed bat
Syangjaya near Pokhara,
Bimalnagar, Godavari,
Near Balung, Hathiban,
16 Hipposideros
cineraceus
Ashy roundleaf bat NT Kathmandu Valley
17 Hipposideros fulvus Fulvous roundleaf bat LC Kathmandu Valley
18 Hipposideros
Anderson’s leaf nosed NT Mahendra Gupha
pomona
Miniopteridae
bat
19 Miniopterus pusillus Small bent–winged
bat
CR Pokhara
20 Miniopterus
Schreibers’ long– LC / CITES III Kathmandu valley, Kakani,
schreibersii
Vespertilionidae
fingered bat
Bimalnagar, Syanjya.
21 Myotis blythii Lesser mouse–eared
bat
VU Tumlingtar
22 Myotis formosus Hodgson’s bat NT Kathmandu Valley and
Ghorepani
23 Myotis mystacinus Whiskered bat VU Kathmandu Valley
24 Myotis muricola Whiskered Myotis LC Kathmandu Valley,
Kontoum, Langtang, Those
25 Myotis longipes Kashmir cave bat NT Syangja
26 Myotis siligorensis Himalayan whiskered
bat
NT Kathmandu Valley
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27 Myotis csorbai DD Subtropical forest of
Syanjia district,
28 Myotis sicarius Mandelli’s Mouse VU Banss Bahari, Godavari,
eared bat
Annapurna Conservation
area
29 Plecotus auritus Brown long–eared bat NT Jomsom
30 Plecotus austriacus Grey long–eared bat NT Ringmo
31 Barbastella
Asian (or Eastern) NT
Annapurna Conservation
leucomelas
barbastelle
Area, Makalu Barun
National park, Rara
National Park
32 Scotomanes ornatus Harlequin bat NT Sankhuwasabha
33 Scotophilus Kuhlii NT …………..
34 Scotophilus heathii Asiatic greater yellow LC Bhojbhawanpur,Darakhutti,
house bat
Banke District, Dang,
Deokhuri district, Raxaul-
Birgung
35 Eptesicus serotinus Serotine NT Tumlingtar
36 Eptesicus gobiensis Gobi big brown bat DD No exact location
37 Eptesicus dimissus Surat serotine VU ……………
38 Ia io Great evening bat CR Bimalnagar
39 Pipistrellus javanicus Javan pipestrelle LC Kakani,Rasuwa District,
Najarkot, Bouzini, Sipuri,
Kathmandu, Godavari
40 Pipistrellus
Indian pipistrelle LC Hajaria, Bairia.Bahira
coromandra
Raglia, Barabisse
41 Pipistrellus tenuis Least pipistrelle LC Bairia, Hazaria, Banke
District.
42 Pipistrellus affinis Chocolate pipistrelle SU Nagarkot
43 Pipistrellus
Black–gilded
NT Num
circumdatus
pipistrelle
44 Nyctalus montanus Mountain noctule NT Dang-Deokhuri District
45 Nyctalus noctula Noctule LC Kathmandu
Valley,Godavari, Gari,
Nuwakot.
46 Hesperoptenus
tickelli
Tickell’s bat DD Dang-Deokhuri District
47 Murina cyclotis Round–eared tube–
nosed bat
LC Chitwan National Park
48 Murina aurata Little tube–nosed bat NT Makut, Mount Sheopuri
49 Murina leucogaster Greater tube–nosed
bat
VU Kathmandu Valley
50 Murina huttoni Hutton’s tube–nosed
bat
DD Kathmandu Valley
51 Kerivoula picta Painted bat LC Pokhra town, Chitwan
National Park
52 Philetor
brachypterus
Emballonuridae
Rohu’s bat VU Barabisse, Num
53 Taphozous
Long–winged tomb DD No exact location
longimanus
bat
DD: Data deficient, VU: Vulnurable, NT: Not threatened, LC: Least Concerned, CR:
Critically endangered, EN: Endangered, SU: Status Unknown
Reference: - Acharya et al. (2007); Adhikari (2008); Bates et al. (1997); S. Molur et al.
(2002).
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