Digital Universe Guide - Hayden Planetarium

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184 4. THE EXTRAGALACTIC ATLAS will appear solid. If you fly inside, you will notice the smaller, black density contours are now visible. To return the higher density surfaces to blue, type cment 1 0 0 1.
4.3. EXTRAGALACTIC DATA GROUPS 185 4.3.11 2MASS Galaxy Catalog Group Name 2MASS Reference The Two Micron All Sky Survey The Two Micron All Sky Survey Galaxy Redshift Catalog v13 Tom Jarrett (CalTech) Prepared by Tom Jarrett (CalTech) Labels Yes Files various Dependencies 2mass.cmap Census 1,140,931 galaxies The Two Micron All-Sky Survey, abbreviated 2MASS and pronounced “two-mass,” is an image survey of the entire sky. Between 1997 and 2001, two automated 1.3-meter telescopes, one on Mount Hopkins, Arizona, and another on Cerro Tololo, Chile, scanned the sky in three near-infrared wavelengths resulting in over four million images and information on over 470 million objects. However, a survey of images does not yield distances to the objects identified within them. To determine distances, we need the object’s redshift. (The definition of redshift and its relationship to distance is discussed in “Redshift and Distance.”) The 2MASS Galaxy Redshift Catalog assembles redshift data from many surveys, including 2MASS, ZCAT, Sloan, 2dF, 6dF, and others, and includes redshifts derived from photometric (i.e., brightness) and velocity data. Combining the 2MASS galaxies and these various redshift surveys results in the most complete all-sky census of galaxies, including more galaxies in the “zone of obscuration,” where the bright optical band of the Milky Way blocks our view of the galaxies beyond. The resulting catalog contains an impressive 1.14 million galaxies that surround the Milky Way. The impact of 2MASS has been tremendous for astronomy and astrophysics. Not only has the survey enabled this galaxy data set, giving us one of the best pictures of the local <strong>Universe</strong>, but scientists are finding many new objects, including L-type and T-type dwarf stars (included in the dwarfs data group). Why Use Infrared Telescopes? Astronomers use infrared detectors to reveal parts of the <strong>Universe</strong> that remain hidden in visible light. These regions are embedded in dense clouds of gas and dust which glow brightly in visible light. Infrared light passes through these dense clouds, allowing astronomers to see objects within them. For example, we see “deeper” toward the Galactic center in
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The Digital Universe Guide Brian Ab
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Contents Contents 3 List of Tables
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List of Tables 2.1 Log and Linear F
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1.2. GETTING HELP 7 1.2 Getting Hel
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1.5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 9 1.5 Acknowle
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2.2. LAUNCHING THE MILKY WAY ATLAS
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2.3. LEARNING TO FLY PARTIVIEW 13 T
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2.3. LEARNING TO FLY PARTIVIEW 15 M
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2.4. PARTIVIEW’S USER INTERFACE 1
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2.5. DIGITAL UNIVERSE FILES 23 File
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3.1. MILKY WAY ATLAS OVERVIEW 25 3.
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 27 3.
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 29 Wi
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 31 Yo
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 51 to
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 57 bi
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 59 in
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 63 mo
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 65 fa
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 67 Earth
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 69 Data
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 71 The l
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 73 3.3.3
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 77 If yo
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 79 lumin
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 83 Two p
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 85 expre
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 87 marke
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 89 brigh
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 93 inclu
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 95 old.
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 97 centi
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 101 3.3.
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 103 heat
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 107 righ
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 109 beyo
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 121 Othe
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Page 145 and 146: 4 The Extragalactic Atlas The word
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Page 207 and 208: Appendix A Light-Travel Time and Di
Page 209 and 210: Appendix B Parallax and Distance On
Page 211 and 212: absolute magnitude M, can be calcul
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Page 215 and 216: Appendix D Electromagnetic Spectrum
Page 217 and 218: Appendix E Constants and Units In a
Page 219 and 220: Metric Prefixes These prefixes are
Page 221 and 222: INDEX 221 center command, 50, 61 cl
Page 223 and 224: INDEX 223 Earth’s radio signals,
Page 225 and 226: INDEX 225 irregular galaxy, 147, 17
Page 227 and 228: INDEX 227 entering, 21 every, 206 j
Page 229: INDEX 229 stellar distance uncertai
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Digital Universe Guide - Hayden Planetarium

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