Digital Universe Guide - Hayden Planetarium

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178 4. THE EXTRAGALACTIC ATLAS number for a galaxy grouping catalog. Following that, the next six columns beginning with orient0 specify the orientation of the galaxy. Structure Within the Local Galaxies Each of these green points is a Galactic neighbor. We have defined three boxes (see table below) that highlight the galaxies in this data group. Boxes for the Local Galaxies Box Dimensions (Mpc) Number (xcen,ycen,zcen xlen,ylen,zlen) Description 1 0, 0, 0 0.85, 0.85, 0.85 Local Group box 2 0, 0, 0 3.75, 3.75, 3.75 Box around the entire data set Clipbox 0, 0, 0 0.18, 0.18, 0.18 Milky Way group of galaxies The smallest box encloses those galaxies around the Milky Way. This is a clip box and is activated with the command cb on in the Partiview Command Line. Within this box are 12 galaxies, our nearest neighbors. To see those galaxies that live around the block, turn off the clip box (cb off) and turn on the normal boxes by pressing the Box Toggle Button. Inside this dark yellow box are the three dozen or so Local Group galaxies. We discussed this group in the Local Group section (lgrp) and in “Beyond the Milky Way” in the Milky Way Atlas, but now we have a greater appreciation for the context of these galaxies among the other nearby galaxies in the local <strong>Universe</strong>. Within the Local Group, the two major players are the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) and the Milky Way. These are large spiral galaxies that have a bevy of smaller galactic companions clustered around them. Another, less concentrated grouping is found near the galaxy NGC 3109, on the outskirts of the group. Membership in the Local Group is based on two criteria: the mutual gravitational attraction of the galaxies and their distance from us. While the former seems sensible and the latter somewhat arbitrary, this is the historical evolution behind selecting the galaxies of the Local Group. Finally, we have the adjacent neighborhoods that, in this data set, surround the Local Group. Upon inspection, you may see that these galaxies tend to clump into groups that rival the Local Group in size and number. Most of these groups have dominant galaxies that tend to influence their evolution, just as Andromeda and the Milky Way influence the smaller dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. These include NGC 5128, or Centaurus A, a large (500-kpc-diameter), peculiar elliptical galaxy in Centaurus with a large, irregular dust lane and strong radio-emitting gas lobes emanating from its nucleus (not shown in
4.3. EXTRAGALACTIC DATA GROUPS 179 the Atlas). These peculiar features are likely the result of a galaxy collision some 500 million years ago. Also, M81, the large spiral in Ursa Major, dominates the Ursa Major Group, and NGC 253, a large spiral near the South Galactic Pole, is the largest member of the Sculptor Group. Some of these adjacent groups around the Local Group appear more concentrated than others, but they all tend to have similar properties. Dominated by one or a few large galaxies, the majority of galaxies tend to be small dwarf and irregular galaxies.
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The Digital Universe Guide Brian Ab
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Contents Contents 3 List of Tables
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List of Tables 2.1 Log and Linear F
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1.2. GETTING HELP 7 1.2 Getting Hel
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1.5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 9 1.5 Acknowle
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2.2. LAUNCHING THE MILKY WAY ATLAS
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2.3. LEARNING TO FLY PARTIVIEW 13 T
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2.3. LEARNING TO FLY PARTIVIEW 15 M
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2.4. PARTIVIEW’S USER INTERFACE 1
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2.5. DIGITAL UNIVERSE FILES 23 File
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3.1. MILKY WAY ATLAS OVERVIEW 25 3.
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 27 3.
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 29 Wi
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 31 Yo
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 39 co
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 41 li
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 45 In
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 51 to
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 55 th
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 57 bi
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 59 in
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 63 mo
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3.2. MILKY WAY ATLAS TUTORIAL 65 fa
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 67 Earth
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 69 Data
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 71 The l
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 73 3.3.3
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 77 If yo
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 79 lumin
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 83 Two p
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 87 marke
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 89 brigh
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 101 3.3.
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3.3. MILKY WAY DATA GROUPS 107 righ
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Page 145 and 146: 4 The Extragalactic Atlas The word
Page 147 and 148: 4.1. EXTRAGALACTIC ATLAS OVERVIEW 1
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Page 207 and 208: Appendix A Light-Travel Time and Di
Page 209 and 210: Appendix B Parallax and Distance On
Page 211 and 212: absolute magnitude M, can be calcul
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Page 215 and 216: Appendix D Electromagnetic Spectrum
Page 217 and 218: Appendix E Constants and Units In a
Page 219 and 220: Metric Prefixes These prefixes are
Page 221 and 222: INDEX 221 center command, 50, 61 cl
Page 223 and 224: INDEX 223 Earth’s radio signals,
Page 225 and 226: INDEX 225 irregular galaxy, 147, 17
Page 227 and 228: INDEX 227 entering, 21 every, 206 j
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INDEX 229 stellar distance uncertai
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Digital Universe Guide - Hayden Planetarium

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