Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository
Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository
western counterparts in similar communicative situations. And yet, proximity may be taken to assume a threefold nature: (1) confidentiality of the message being communicated; (2) close kinship between participants in the communication; and (3) effectiveness of the message under communication. Moreover, proximity in aural or gesture communication (as among the deaf) can ensure a fuller comprehension of the message since not a single sound or gesture will be left unheard, unobserved or miscaptured. In written messages, there are certain non-verbal or extralinguistic features which affect communication an4 determine the impact the message leaves on its immediate recipients. These features include the size of type, the quality of paper, and, above all the readability of the message. The face and size of type is a major factor in written communication. Among the various types of Arabic script, for instance, the Kufic script is the most sophisticated except for highly specialized calligraphers. The difficulty lies mainly in its intricate, ornamental, geometrical and linear graphic representations. The Kufic script is bound to impede the communication of the message in which it is written. Not unlike linearity, punctuation plays a decisive role in the sense perception, understanding, and communicability of the message. "Punctuation", writes de Beaugrande, "is a textual sub- system that meets various communicative needs of linearity: marking off units and sub-units, pausing, indicating priorities, pointing backwards or forwards, excluding alternatives, and so on". (1984, 42
p192) In immediate interpersonal communication, the senses of hearing and sight combine in the interpretation of the langauge code in which the message is structured. Only in touch communication (Braille) does the sense of feeling become extremely important for the despatchment and reception of the message. Punctuation marks function as organizational tools in texts. They promote and explicate grammatical well-formedness and remove semantic incongruities, thus making the text comprehensible and communication, achievable. Unless a message is appropriately punctuated, communication is bound to stumble over the ambiguation rock. Full-stops are used to indicate pauses; commas, to indicate degrees of integration between an adjunct and its core; semicolons, to indicate content associations; dashes or parentheses, to insert clauses 'subordinated in function, but not in form; exclamation marks, question marks, or periods, to make the same phrase formats heavy, non-heavy or neutral, respectively; and quotation marks, to indicate attitudes towards expressions. Inappropriate or misplaced punctuation can ambiguate, distort, or undermine the intended meaning of the text. (6) SENSE CHANNEL: Little can be said about this element except that it involves the senses of sight, hearing and touch which are employed in verbal and non-verbal communication. Sense perception always precedes sense absorption in all modes of communication. 43
- Page 3 and 4: Lexical Correspondence. 128 Identif
- Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT Translation quality assess
- Page 7 and 8: texts are identified before assessm
- Page 9 and 10: INTRODUCTION This thesis focuses on
- Page 11 and 12: components. However, more important
- Page 13 and 14: PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS CHAPTER
- Page 15 and 16: translation quality assessment? Wor
- Page 17 and 18: elease Bayzantine prisoners in exch
- Page 19 and 20: should have a perfect knowledge of
- Page 21 and 22: translation was eventually cleared.
- Page 23 and 24: (2) The style and manner of writing
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- Page 29 and 30: in two different languages cannot b
- Page 31 and 32: Neubert goes on to discuss the ways
- Page 33 and 34: Lotman (1976, pp153-96) argues that
- Page 35 and 36: (a) "the concept of translation equ
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- Page 41 and 42: in various ways according to the ma
- Page 43 and 44: Roman Jakobson adds another three f
- Page 45 and 46: The communicative approach, of whic
- Page 47 and 48: claims, "free from the formal conta
- Page 49 and 50: to a certain system, to another sem
- Page 51 and 52: (3) RECEPTORS The author of a text
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- Page 59 and 60: level of the individual sentence? B
- Page 61 and 62: In Europe, the linguistic analysis
- Page 63 and 64: demarcation lines between a sentenc
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- Page 69 and 70: features or goals with other texts
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- Page 73 and 74: and confusing to obscure these diff
- Page 75 and 76: Translation is a relational concept
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- Page 83 and 84: unbridgeable. Strategies to bridge
- Page 85 and 86: Moreover, the ability of both child
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- Page 91 and 92: to be considered translations? Is a
- Page 93 and 94: purposes. The transfer operation fo
- Page 95 and 96: In political discourses, however, p
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western counterparts in similar communicative situations. And yet,<br />
proximity may be taken to assume a threefold nature: (1)<br />
confidentiality <strong>of</strong> the message being communicated; (2) close<br />
kinship between participants in the communication; and (3)<br />
effectiveness <strong>of</strong> the message under communication. Moreover,<br />
proximity in aural or gesture communication (as among the deaf) can<br />
ensure a fuller comprehension <strong>of</strong> the message since not a single<br />
sound or gesture will be left unheard, unobserved or miscaptured.<br />
In written messages, there are certain non-verbal or<br />
extralinguistic features which affect communication an4 determine<br />
the impact the message leaves on its immediate recipients. These<br />
features include the size <strong>of</strong> type, the quality <strong>of</strong> paper, and, above<br />
all the readability <strong>of</strong> the message. The face and size <strong>of</strong> type is a<br />
major factor in written communication. Among the various types <strong>of</strong><br />
Arabic script, for instance, the Kufic script is the most<br />
sophisticated except for highly specialized calligraphers. The<br />
difficulty lies mainly in its intricate, ornamental, geometrical<br />
and linear graphic representations. The Kufic script is bound to<br />
impede the communication <strong>of</strong> the message in which it is written.<br />
Not unlike linearity, punctuation plays a decisive role in<br />
the sense perception, understanding, and communicability <strong>of</strong> the<br />
message. "Punctuation", writes de Beaugrande, "is a textual sub-<br />
system that meets various communicative needs <strong>of</strong> linearity: marking<br />
<strong>of</strong>f units and sub-units, pausing, indicating priorities, pointing<br />
backwards or forwards, excluding alternatives, and so on". (1984,<br />
42
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