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20 The doum tree of Wad Hamid Unable to define. Then be said: 'Tomorrow, without doubt, you will be leaving us. When you arrive at your destination, think well of us and judge us not too harshly.' 270
271 ST11. : TaKen trom: POET:IY by J.D.Q.:AJ.LYL,] ) 1 j___o j I a,. L.:, ..1.1 I 6 ieb ) 1 .15Y13 cU Ma. ed., London,l'in. 0.1.0 1-1.) ts:,,z j...1 I Lpi 4-16-1 Lee .15 (5.1.z LJJL T. 11: 9PFOTTIFNS OF An7s. P.T Am p O v T'Y 1-y T D C-nIYLE ( pp . "-rg) ON THE DEATF OF A SON Tyrant of Man: Imperial Fate: I bow before tny dread decree, Nor hope in this uncertain state, To find a seat secure frnm thee. Life is a dark, tumultous stream, With many a care anc: . sorrow foul, Yet thouohtless mortals vainly deem, That it can yield a limpid bowl. Think not that stream swill backward flow, Or cease its destin'd course to keep; As soon the blazing spark shall rIlow, Beneath the surface ot the deep. Believe not Fate at thy command Will grant a meed that never gave; As soon the airy tower shall stand, That's built upon a passing wave. Life is a sleep of threescore years, Death bids us wake and nail the light, And man, with all his hones and fears, is out a phantom of the night. (Translated rrom Arabic by J.D.L.arlyle) 1.9 f
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TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT AN A
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Lexical Correspondence. 128 Identif
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ABSTRACT Translation quality assess
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texts are identified before assessm
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INTRODUCTION This thesis focuses on
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components. However, more important
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PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS CHAPTER
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translation quality assessment? Wor
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elease Bayzantine prisoners in exch
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should have a perfect knowledge of
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translation was eventually cleared.
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(2) The style and manner of writing
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TL texts, and finally bring the rec
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(3) Stylistic equivalence, where th
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in two different languages cannot b
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Neubert goes on to discuss the ways
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Lotman (1976, pp153-96) argues that
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(a) "the concept of translation equ
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(structural) equivalences provided
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equivalence obtaining between TT an
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in various ways according to the ma
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Roman Jakobson adds another three f
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The communicative approach, of whic
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claims, "free from the formal conta
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to a certain system, to another sem
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(3) RECEPTORS The author of a text
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Messages are linguistically set to
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p192) In immediate interpersonal co
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concerning the communication situat
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level of the individual sentence? B
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In Europe, the linguistic analysis
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demarcation lines between a sentenc
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conditioned by the author's state o
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elevant issues encountered in text-
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features or goals with other texts
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the source text, a step which comes
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and confusing to obscure these diff
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Translation is a relational concept
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other replacement except what gramm
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intersemiotic - springs from and po
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the grammars of both SL and TL text
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unbridgeable. Strategies to bridge
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Moreover, the ability of both child
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he understands the cultural pattern
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to translation is unilaterally mean
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to be considered translations? Is a
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purposes. The transfer operation fo
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In political discourses, however, p
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language. Translations of medical,
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are pragmatically a single text but
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and 'relations' in terms of non-eva
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dependent layers of pragmatic, semi
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What matters more is the ways and m
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(texte) is open, mobile, vibrating
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Post-war linguists shifted their fo
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personalities. He attributed this c
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is interpretable form its language,
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potential' of the source text be pr
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Hatim's arbitrary distinction betwe
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accessory meaning structures. Oblig
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semantics and the speech act theory
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Premised on a rigorous committment
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implemented, will help him achieve
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etween the translator as TL text-or
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The rhetorical model sets out to re
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SL text will have to be dismantled
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consists of two words: 'istaktabtuh
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The question of tense, which marks
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B. SYNTACTIC CORRESPONDENCE Anyone
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specific clause type in the recepto
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lexical items in any language devel
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The translator's exhaustive and pai
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this is achieved, semantic equivale
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agreement, and the verb/adverb prox
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object. If, in English, the adverb
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extracted from the text-supplied (l
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identifiable in terms of its contri
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In a literary text, the translator
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as impressive or forceful as it is
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The rhetorical model is primarily a
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apprehension, repulsiveness, or dis
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(5) Once completed, leave the trans
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literary, literary, and hybrid or f
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I have mentioned earlier that textu
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The second stanza opens with a nega
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perceived. Only extensions of the o
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one to whom the message is addresse
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flies and horse-flies fill the air
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The same meaning is further develop
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emember a friend of my son's", the
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The same meaning is extended in the
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immediately answered. The reader is
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incident known in Islamic history a
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STATEMENT OF QUALITY As I have said
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came, by God, in droves" is rather
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that he could, with relative ease a
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emphatic, constitutes a juxtapositi
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fate, nor divert the pre-planned co
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Rendering this line into English, t
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In translating this line, the trans
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and death, decision and indecision,
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embedded, should be thinned so that
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The linguistic tools the author uti
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Some lexical mismatches are observa
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closely without realizing that the
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The two re-translations, put togeth
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TEXT IV /hybrid) This text is a , f
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describe him, I will mention all hi
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mundane household affairs. The 'lio
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The eighth wife (TT) said: "My husb
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feel proud of myself. He found me w
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to be sacrificed to the content. Th
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d) All informants identified the be
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d) All informants detected an ambig
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CONCLUSION In conclusion, we shall
Page 231 and 232: all levels. This is discussed in Ch
Page 233 and 234: BIBLIOGRAPHY ADEN, J M (ed.), (1963
Page 235 and 236: FRAWLEY, W, (ed.), (1984), Translat
Page 237 and 238: KHULUSI, S, (1986), Fann Al-Targama
Page 239 and 240: SHAHEEN, Abdus-Sabour, (1986), Al-A
Page 241 and 242: '71 r CI0,‘ Co. • 1/4/. Ck. CS\
Page 243 and 244: .n•n••. < • Ci E• sc, tct
Page 245 and 246: • • 1.54:•71.7 , • . • .
Page 247 and 248: 250 THE JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIE
Page 249 and 250: • °aro. J4 L .01..) 42,1 • 0 j
Page 251 and 252: J 51211 al.)1 J110, J,•- . t_13;1
Page 253 and 254: .a)...) I ik ja.7- ji I,i I . 0-91
Page 255 and 256: • •Ij1? ZA.p.u. igiL Lid;,A . G
Page 257 and 258: •g • cie.C.A.c) 431 JU di Li ot
Page 259 and 260: 6c. 4..:43,11 U5Z 6?- 1Li . 61), 1A
Page 261 and 262: •IA 0t5j—jj)II (put.. . 4.4,4 0
Page 263 and 264: cerc. iiiLi LI 0,..?,.;) iLi) 41441
Page 265 and 266: TT 1 - Were you to come to our vill
Page 267 and 268: The doum tree of Wad Hamid 3 to sho
Page 269 and 270: 6 The doum tree of Wad Hamid Wherev
Page 271 and 272: 8 The doum tree of Wad Hamid out at
Page 273 and 274: lo The doum tree of Wad Hamid and s
Page 275 and 276: The domn Iree qf Wad Hamid 13 sound
Page 277 and 278: doum tree of Wad liana 5 I shall no
Page 279 and 280: The down tree qf Wad Hamid i 7 what
Page 281: The doum tree of Wad Hamid me with
Page 285 and 286: Other tumours, however, are often d
Page 287 and 288: Immunotherapy is an experimental te
Page 289 and 290: foreign and begin to destroy it. Th
Page 291 and 292: • I; A jr6 0°-0-41 1-2-0 Le 1=9
Page 293 and 294: "i ° 71- 6715.9-1-" 1-4--1 I " &Ie
Page 295 and 296: 83 the trouble of fetching it." (1)
Page 297 and 298: 285 85 A with my family who were me
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