Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository
Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository
.1.••• the plural noun n asal -b", meaning "ways of" before "iktisha f", meaning "detection" will render the meaning more definitive and the construction, more Arabic. The sentence will thus read; "Wa min almuhtamal ann tatatawwar asa li:b iktisha f hl d_hihi al-awrarn fi al- . mustaqbal al-qari b man. tatawwur al-tiknlogya". The Arabic re- translation of the SL text will read as follows: (y-Pr*-1-1) \C 5 i(Zd-JA . —n I /61 IA- trt" The insertion of an extra lexical item "asali s b" and the introduction of an Arabic root of a wider semantic range dictate another modification in the grammar and lexicon of the immediate sentence in order to reach a satisfactory logical conclusion of the whole argument. To eliminate the apparent abruptness in the logical sequence of the argument, the over-emphatic "flbudda", meaning "it is inevitable that", should be discarded and substituted by another linkage device "memrlia" meaning "consequently". The substitution of this linkage device requires that a verb immediately follows. The most appropriate verb in this context is "vuwaffir", meaning "makes available". As an object of this verb, "diagnosis" will have to be succeeded by a qualifier. The direct noun object "rate" will be pluralized and shifted to an object of preposition. The succeeding adjective will also be pluralized to agree withthe preceding pluralized prepositional noun object. The re-translated sentence will eventually read: "memma yuwaffiru tashkhi san mutaqaddiman yuyassiru al-husu 1 41a muiaddala t (I "" k Sh i f a mu t az a'yida -t? z Lt25k) . 198
The two re-translations, put together, would ensure that the obligatory meaning is preserved; the logical sequence, maintained; the conceptual connectivity, uninterrupted; and the naturalness of style, sustained. The activation of the translation text-grammar to bring into full prominence the semanzic content of the SL message is a genuine mark of translation competence and efficiency. In the topical sentence which introduces the second portion of the SL text, "well-established" is misrepresented in the Arabic translation. In an attempt to find a lexical equivalent in Arabic to the compound adjective in the source language, Dr Lutfi uses a multi- word adjective which does not possess the semantic load of the original. "Well-established" is translated as "wati da wa tha bitat al-faaliyya", meaning in Arabic "firmly grounded and invariably effective". He is, more or less, like a GP who prescribes a lot of medicines for a patient in the hope that at least one will prove curative. A well established method of treatment means a method about which there is a consensus of medical opinion. Therefore, "well- established methods of treatment" is better translated as "turuq al- - t I ila j al-muta4 h a_raf alaiha" filei1/0,1) Three lines later, Dr Lutfi describes surgery as the method of choice for treating many tumours. His rendering of "of choice" as "al-mukhta r" ..,t11 1 is not a fortunate one. A better lexical match would be "al-mufaddal", .• j`:a1-11 meaning 'choicest' or 'much-preferred'. This miscomprehension and, 199
- Page 159 and 160: The rhetorical model is primarily a
- Page 161 and 162: apprehension, repulsiveness, or dis
- Page 163 and 164: (5) Once completed, leave the trans
- Page 165 and 166: literary, literary, and hybrid or f
- Page 167 and 168: I have mentioned earlier that textu
- Page 169 and 170: The second stanza opens with a nega
- Page 171 and 172: perceived. Only extensions of the o
- Page 173 and 174: one to whom the message is addresse
- Page 175 and 176: flies and horse-flies fill the air
- Page 177 and 178: The same meaning is further develop
- Page 179 and 180: emember a friend of my son's", the
- Page 181 and 182: The same meaning is extended in the
- Page 183 and 184: immediately answered. The reader is
- Page 185 and 186: incident known in Islamic history a
- Page 187 and 188: STATEMENT OF QUALITY As I have said
- Page 189 and 190: came, by God, in droves" is rather
- Page 191 and 192: that he could, with relative ease a
- Page 193 and 194: emphatic, constitutes a juxtapositi
- Page 195 and 196: fate, nor divert the pre-planned co
- Page 197 and 198: Rendering this line into English, t
- Page 199 and 200: In translating this line, the trans
- Page 201 and 202: and death, decision and indecision,
- Page 203 and 204: embedded, should be thinned so that
- Page 205 and 206: The linguistic tools the author uti
- Page 207 and 208: Some lexical mismatches are observa
- Page 209: closely without realizing that the
- Page 213 and 214: TEXT IV /hybrid) This text is a , f
- Page 215 and 216: describe him, I will mention all hi
- Page 217 and 218: mundane household affairs. The 'lio
- Page 219 and 220: The eighth wife (TT) said: "My husb
- Page 221 and 222: feel proud of myself. He found me w
- Page 223 and 224: to be sacrificed to the content. Th
- Page 225 and 226: d) All informants identified the be
- Page 227 and 228: d) All informants detected an ambig
- Page 229 and 230: CONCLUSION In conclusion, we shall
- Page 231 and 232: all levels. This is discussed in Ch
- Page 233 and 234: BIBLIOGRAPHY ADEN, J M (ed.), (1963
- Page 235 and 236: FRAWLEY, W, (ed.), (1984), Translat
- Page 237 and 238: KHULUSI, S, (1986), Fann Al-Targama
- Page 239 and 240: SHAHEEN, Abdus-Sabour, (1986), Al-A
- Page 241 and 242: '71 r CI0,‘ Co. • 1/4/. Ck. CS\
- Page 243 and 244: .n•n••. < • Ci E• sc, tct
- Page 245 and 246: • • 1.54:•71.7 , • . • .
- Page 247 and 248: 250 THE JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIE
- Page 249 and 250: • °aro. J4 L .01..) 42,1 • 0 j
- Page 251 and 252: J 51211 al.)1 J110, J,•- . t_13;1
- Page 253 and 254: .a)...) I ik ja.7- ji I,i I . 0-91
- Page 255 and 256: • •Ij1? ZA.p.u. igiL Lid;,A . G
- Page 257 and 258: •g • cie.C.A.c) 431 JU di Li ot
- Page 259 and 260: 6c. 4..:43,11 U5Z 6?- 1Li . 61), 1A
.1.•••<br />
the plural noun n asal -b", meaning "ways <strong>of</strong>" before "iktisha f",<br />
meaning "detection" will render the meaning more definitive and the<br />
construction, more Arabic. The sentence will thus read; "Wa min<br />
almuhtamal ann tatatawwar asa li:b iktisha f hl d_hihi al-awrarn fi al-<br />
.<br />
mustaqbal al-qari b man. tatawwur al-tiknlogya". The Arabic re-<br />
translation <strong>of</strong> the SL text will read as follows:<br />
(y-Pr*-1-1) \C<br />
5<br />
i(Zd-JA<br />
. —n<br />
I<br />
/61 IA- trt"<br />
The insertion <strong>of</strong> an extra lexical item "asali s b" and the introduction<br />
<strong>of</strong> an Arabic root <strong>of</strong> a wider semantic range dictate another<br />
modification in the grammar and lexicon <strong>of</strong> the immediate sentence in<br />
order to reach a satisfactory logical conclusion <strong>of</strong> the whole argument.<br />
To eliminate the apparent abruptness in the logical sequence <strong>of</strong> the<br />
argument, the over-emphatic "flbudda", meaning "it is inevitable<br />
that", should be discarded and substituted by another linkage device<br />
"memrlia" meaning "consequently". The substitution <strong>of</strong> this linkage<br />
device requires that a verb immediately follows. The most appropriate<br />
verb in this context is "vuwaffir", meaning "makes available". As an<br />
object <strong>of</strong> this verb, "diagnosis" will have to be succeeded by a<br />
qualifier. The direct noun object "rate" will be pluralized and<br />
shifted to an object <strong>of</strong> preposition. The succeeding adjective will<br />
also be pluralized to agree withthe preceding pluralized prepositional<br />
noun object. The re-translated sentence will eventually read: "memma<br />
yuwaffiru tashkhi san mutaqaddiman yuyassiru al-husu 1 41a muiaddala t<br />
(I "" k<br />
Sh i f a mu t az a'yida -t? z Lt25k)<br />
.<br />
198