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(1) language studies should not focus on individual sentences in
isolation except when a specific grammatical rule needs to be
demonstrated;
(2) cognitive processes such as framing, mapping, and actualizing
which are focal to text-production, should not be under-
emphasised even though the text consisted of a single word, a
sentence, or a sequence of sentences. Extralinguistic elements
which constitute the context of situation, and the stylistic
devices which help in the organization and distribution of ideas
within the text should be equally emphasized.
The text-typological theory, itself an off-shoot of the Functional
Sentence Perspective hypothesis, distinguishes between various text
types on the basis of the concept of 'thematic progression' within the
textual world. Hatim postulates that textuality, in the course of
text-production, is based on two factors which he labels 'macro-
contextual instructions' and 'micro-contextual instructions'
respectively. According to the macro-contextual instructions, the
general framework of the text is envisioned and finalized; whereas
micro-contextual instructions help in the sequential arrangement of the
text's internal structure within the general framework of the text.
Hatim uses 'text' to refer to "a string of clauses, etc, which map a
set of communicative intentions onto the linguistic surface with the
aim of fulfilling a particular rhetorical purpose". (1983, p306) He
views the text/discourse as a network of inter-related and inter-
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