Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Gibe III

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Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 2.1.4 Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation The responsibilities of Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) cover the areas of power generation, transmission, distribution and sales. EEPCo is also concerned with carrying out the majority of technical development studies in the power sector. 2.1.5 EEPCo’s Environmental Monitoring Unit EEPCo has established the Environmental Monitoring Unit (EMU) within the Corporate Planning Department to address environmental matters arising from its development programme. The main responsibilities of the Unit include: • Facilitating the integration of environmental concerns into electric power projects; • Conduct or supervise environmental assessment for EEPCo; • Ensure that mitigation measures, conditions and specifications are fully implemented during construction and resolving problems as encountered; • Supervise restoration of construction area to its natural state that was affected during construction period of a project; • Facilitate and ensures compensation payment for material damage in the implementation of power projects; • Monitoring proper implementation during resettlement and post resettlement of communities; • Submit ESIA and other environmental review documents to EPA for review and approval and make clarification upon request; • Conduct and supervise community safety program around electric power lines, plants, etc., and monitor its implementation • Conducting periodic environmental monitoring during construction activities (dumping areas, health and safety, discharge of untreated water, dust pollution etc.); • Advise on environmental and social issues for EEPCo; • Represent EEPCo in water shade management with GO’s and NGO’s for hydropower projects and hydropower plants; • Conduct and supervise buffer zone management in hydropower projects and plants. (Reforestation, soil conservation, wild life restoration, activities, etc.); • Controlling Water Hyacinth, Proliferation of aquatic weeds, and conduct Water Quality Test, in hydropower projects and plants; • Monitor reservoir forest clearing operation before impoundment. 2.2 National policies and strategies The following sections discuss the national policies and sectoral strategy background regarding environmental protection and ESIA in Ethiopia. 2.2.1 The Constitution The FDRE Constitution contains a number of articles that are relevant to environmental matters in connection with development projects, as well as to the environment in general. Article 43 gives the right to CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 37
Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 people to improve living standards and to sustainable development. Article 92 of Chapter 10 (which sets out national policy principles and objectives), includes the following significant environmental objectives: • Government shall endeavour to ensure that all Ethiopians live in a clean and healthy environment; • the design and implementation of programmes and projects of development shall not damage or destroy the environment; • people have the right to full consultation and to the expression of their views in the planning and implementation of environmental policies and projects that affect them directly; • Government and citizens shall have the duty to protect the environment. 2.2.2 Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia Since the early 1990s, the Federal Government has undertaken a number of initiatives to develop regional, national and sectoral strategies for environmental conservation and protection. Paramount amongst these was CSE, approved by the council of ministers, which provided a strategic framework for integrating environmental planning into new and existing policies, programs and projects. Although yet to be approved by the Federal Government, the CSE is an important strategy document which views environmental management from several perspectives. The CSE itself provides a comprehensive and rational approach to environmental management in a very broad sense, covering national and regional strategies, sectoral and cross-sectoral strategy, action plans and programmes, as well as providing the basis for development of appropriate institutional and legal frameworks for implementation. The plan comprehensively presented the exiting situation within the country and gave a plan of priority actions on the short and medium term. In particular, it recognises the importance of incorporating environmental factors into development activities from the outset, so that planners may take into account environmental protection as an essential component of economic, social and cultural development. Following CSE, the Oromiya and SNNP Regional Governments have prepared Conservation Strategy document for their respective Regions. This Regional conservation strategy documents give details about environmental issues prevalent in the territory, and outlining the ways in which environmental problems were to be addressed. 2.2.3 Environmental Policy of Ethiopia The Environmental Policy of Ethiopia (EPE) was approved by the Council of Ministers in April 1997 (EPA/MEDAC 1997). It is based on the CSE which was developed through a consultative process over the period 1989-1995. The policy has the broad aim of rectifying previous policy failures and deficiencies which, in the past, have led to serious environmental degradation. It is fully integrated and compatible with the overall long-term economic development strategy of the country, known as Agricultural Development-Led Industrialisation (ADLI), and other key national policies. The EPE’s overall policy goal may be summarised in terms of the improvement and enhancement of the health and quality of life of all Ethiopians, and the promotion of sustainable social and economic development through the adoption of sound environmental management principles. Specific policy objectives and key guiding principles are set out clearly in the EPE, and expand on various aspects of the CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 38
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