Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Gibe III

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Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 information on the prevention of schistosomiasis. Such support and reinforcement of local medical facilities in providing preventive measures has been found to be lacking in schemes elsewhere in the country, and is now considered an essential prerequisite to international funding. Impacts During Construction Construction is inherently a relatively dangerous industry, and has a number of adverse impacts on public health and safety unless appropriate mitigation measures are undertaken. Particular concerns include the risk of increasing the incidence of social and communicable diseases due to the influx of migrant construction workers, the risk to the workers themselves of contracting malaria, the risk of injury from traffic accidents and blasting activities. Of the potential adverse social and health impacts, some of the most serious are the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS. Due to the immigration of workforce to the project area, this risk is expected to increase from time to time. Many persons will influx to the project area in search of job opportunities, and these migrant workforces may bring non-endemic diseases to the project area. This may aggravate the health situations of the communities of the project area. In the project areas, which already have relatively poor resources in terms of medical services, the presence of contractor's workforce can impose additional strains, reducing their effectiveness as far as the local population is concerned. It is also reasonable to expect that the contractor should exercise a duty of care towards his workforce in relation to injuries sustained at work. To mitigate the potential health risks to the construction workers the following measures are recommended: • Require the Contractor to provide a quality health services to the construction employee’s by establishing appropriate health facility with subsidiary treatment posts at the local camp and first aid posts at each construction sites; • Medical screening and treatment of workers coming from outside the project area; • Utilisation of preventive and curative measures to reduce transmission of communicable diseases between the work force and the local population; • Organise awareness campaign on sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention methods for the construction works. Workers will be sensitized to the risks, particularly of HIV/AIDS; • The provision of a safe water supply, good drainage and appropriate sewage and waste disposal and treatment facilities on the site; • Sanitation and hygiene education to the workforce and the community; • Institute anti-malaria measures following current accepted practice at campsites and facilities established for the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with the disease; • An active surveillance network to facilitate the detection of fever cases. The efficiency of the surveillance system and the timely examination of blood slides/films and treatment are the crucial components of malaria control programme; • Require the Contractor to provide to construction camp buildings mosquito proof facilities; • The prime means of controlling malaria in construction camps is the use of bed nets. Levels of human infection have dropped dramatically since impregnated bed-nets (IBN) were introduced. Therefore, provide as much as possible pyrethroid-treated mosquito nets; CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 219
Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 • Grade borrow pits after use to avoid ponding and mosquito breeding; • Remove discarded items that could contain water and keep storm water drains and borrow pits free of water and vegetation; and • Use insecticide control as a last resort method, and only after studies indicate primary locations of mosquitoes. Although not a contractual obligation, the Contractor’s Project Staff Health Program shall also provide some assistance to the nearby communities for emergency matters at no cost if spare resources become intermittently available. Availability of this health services to local communities is not required to be guaranteed. 7.4.7 Infrastructure and Severance of Access The long stretch of Gibe III reservoir formation on the Gibe, Gojeb and Omo Rivers, will impact upon some social service facilities and infrastructures. These include submergence of chid-soda road section and the Omo Bridge and several river crossings. As a result, people residing on both sides of the reservoir will be separated from each other. These impacts are briefly discussed below: Submergence of Chida – Sodo Road Section and Omo Bridge Due to the creation of the Gibe III reservoir the Chida – Sodo road and the Omo Bridge (See Photo 7.4) will be submerged. The road is an all weather road that connects the deep rural village population of the region with the main Addis – Sodo – Arba Minch highway. The road is located in the densely populated areas and has a political, social and economic significance. This is an important trade route for the rural population and serves a number of villages and is the only road access to serve the community to get agricultural inputs and to sale their products to the market. Photo 7.4: View of the Omo Bridge CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 220
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Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Gibe III

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