Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Gibe III

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Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 The expansion of irrigation farms would increase crop production per unit area and compensate for the loss of land for the displaced community whose farmland areas have been covered under the reservoir. This contributes to higher income and increased food security to the community. The easy availability of water for domestic use for the surrounding rural community is also another benefit to expect from the impoundment. 6.10 Flood Protection The presence of Gibe III reservoir will provide flood protection (will reduce floods both in peak and in frequency) to downstream areas. As a result, the damage due to floods like loss of crops, dwellings and the suffering and possibly death of affected people will reduce. With this regulation, areas prone to frequent flooding can be used for agricultural purposes. Besides the above, major benefits would be induced by the regulation of the river flow in the downstream lower Omo River valley in terms of public health (reduction of water logging that would facilitate the control of malaria, tripanosomiasis and other water-borne diseases), safety and infrastructure protection from floods (the 2006’ floods have caused in the area hundreds people and thousand animals dead besides 15,000 displaced population, with an estimate of over 17 million US$ of works needed to rehabilitate Health, Education, Shelter, Water and Sanitation, Agriculture, Livestock, Fishing, Roads and Telecommunication facilities washed away), permanent availability of water with stable water levels allowing for development of commercial irrigated agriculture, settled livestock, fishing and tourism, as well as reliable water-supply and sanitation facilities and all-weather road network throughout the year. 6.11 Tourism Activities Tourism activities will be probably like an economic improvement in the socio economic environment such as the dam will be as an attraction. The reservoir offers potential for eco-tourism, environmental education, etc. for bird watching and sport fishing. The Omo River is famous for white water rafting starting from the Gibe Bridge on the way to Jima. Another tourism attraction would be probably connected to lake and river navigability respectively upstream and downstream of the dam. The regulated flow will make the water flow dependable for white water rafting and will maintain Omo’s biggest rapids for the adventurous rafter during low flow season. Transport by boat is not common in the region but it could be quite attractive in the river especially in the lower Omo all the way to Lake Turkana in Kenya. This is considered like an interesting tourism activities by the National Park Authorities, related to foreign or local people spare time. 6.12 River Navigation Besides its leisure time use, the possibility of a water route could also involve new commercial relationship between villages and inhabited zones currently separated from great distance or difficult connections, eventually permitting the improvement of the economical life of the interested Weredas. This will be a shorter and most likely cheaper route for export of agricultural product and livestock in the region. 6.13 Beneficial Impacts on Wildlife resource The creation of reservoir and islands will be a very comfortable place for a considerable number of water birds. Resident as well as migrant birds will have a good chance to use the site. The Hippopotamus and CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 187
Gibe III – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 300 ENV R CS 002 C - A9003099 crocodile will enjoy the creation of new habitat (increase in the water level and volume). The water volume and depth may make them swim easily, cool themselves, and makes them less accessible to their enemies mainly human. CESI SpA - Mid-Day International Consulting Engineers Page 188
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