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A guide to the principal gold and silver coins of the ancients ...

A guide to the principal gold and silver coins of the ancients ...

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B.C. 280-190. 81<br />

V. c.<br />

Plates 44-47.<br />

Plate 44. 1. Gallia. Massilia. M. 06u. Head <strong>of</strong> Artemis, her hair adorned<br />

with sprigs <strong>of</strong> olive ; at her shoulder, bow <strong>and</strong> quiver. Sev.<br />

MAZZAAIHTHN. Lion. Wt. 43 grs.<br />

2. Italia. Kome. M. Denarius. Obv. Head <strong>of</strong> Roma, wearing<br />

winged helmet; behind, X (10 asses). JRev. ROMA (in incuse<br />

letters). The Dioscuri, charging, as <strong>the</strong>y appeared at <strong>the</strong> battle <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> Lake Regillus. Wt. 66-7 grs.<br />

3. Eome. M. Qllinarius. Same types ; behind head, V (5 asses).<br />

Wt. 34-5 grs.<br />

4. Rome. JR. Sestertius. Same types; behind head, IIS (2 asses<br />

<strong>and</strong> 1 semis). Wt. 16-5 grs.<br />

The earliest Roman coinage consists <strong>of</strong> large clumsy<br />

lumps <strong>of</strong> bronze, aes grave, which were cast in moulds, not<br />

struck. Not until B.C. 268 was <strong>silver</strong> money coined at<br />

Rome, <strong>and</strong> at <strong>the</strong> same time <strong>the</strong> issue <strong>of</strong> <strong>gold</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>silver</strong><br />

money was forbidden in all <strong>the</strong> subject districts <strong>of</strong> Italy.<br />

5. Rome. M. Vic<strong>to</strong>riatus. 06u. Head <strong>of</strong> Jupiter. i?(?u. ROMA.<br />

Vic<strong>to</strong>ry crowning trophy <strong>of</strong> arms ; between Vic<strong>to</strong>ry <strong>and</strong> trophy,<br />

moneyer's mark, a sow. Wt. 44-5 grs.<br />

The vic<strong>to</strong>riate was originally a Campanian coin; but<br />

after <strong>the</strong> fall <strong>of</strong> Capua, b.c. 211, <strong>the</strong> Romans transferred <strong>the</strong><br />

coinage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> vic<strong>to</strong>riate <strong>to</strong> Rome itself, where it continued<br />

<strong>to</strong> be coined for <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Provinces.<br />

6. Rome. AT". Obv. Head <strong>of</strong> Mars; behind, marks <strong>of</strong> value (60<br />

sestertii). Bev. ROMA. Eagle, on thunderbolt. Wt. 52 grs.<br />

Gold pieces <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> value <strong>of</strong> 60, 40, <strong>and</strong> 20 sestertii began<br />

<strong>to</strong> be issued by Roman generals in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Italy B.C. 217,<br />

during <strong>the</strong> war against Hannibal. The work <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se<br />

<strong>coins</strong> is Greek. The high values with which <strong>the</strong>y are<br />

marked is a pro<strong>of</strong> that <strong>the</strong>y were struck on some exceptional<br />

occasion. They are in fact <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> necessity.<br />

7. Romano-Campanian. Af. Obv. Janiform head, laureate. Bev.<br />

ROMA. Two soldiers, taking an oath upon a pig, held by a kneeling<br />

man. Wt. 106-1 grs.<br />

These <strong>coins</strong> were probably struck between circ. b.c. 318<br />

<strong>and</strong> 268.<br />

8. Romano-Campanian. JR. Quadrigaius, Obv. Janiform head,<br />

laureate. Bev. ROMA (in incuse letters). Jupiter, with thunderbolt<br />

<strong>and</strong> sceptre, in quadriga, accompanied by Vic<strong>to</strong>ry. Wt.<br />

100-6 grs.<br />

G

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