92 PERIOD VI. A. 20. Smyrna. M. Obv. Head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> city goddess, turreted. Hev. IMYPNAinN.in oak-wreath. Wt. 254 grs. The three <strong>coins</strong> above described are all fine specimens <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> art <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> period between B.C. 190 <strong>and</strong> 133. 21. Rhodes. Af. 06i-. Head <strong>of</strong> Helios, radiate. i2
B.C. 190-100. 93 130-125. Rev. Zeus, seated. Wt. 253-6 grs. (28) Cleopatra, B.C. 125. Rev. Two cornucopiae. Wt. 257 grs. The series <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Seleucid kings is here continued from V. A. 12-19. Plate 52. 29. Tyre. M. Obv. Head <strong>of</strong> Herakles. Rev. T\POY lEPAZ KAI AZYAOY. Eagle, on rudder. Year 2 = B.C. 124. Wt. 214 grs. In B.C. 126, Tyre, hi<strong>the</strong>r<strong>to</strong> subject <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Syrian kings, commences a new era <strong>of</strong> au<strong>to</strong>nomy. The <strong>coins</strong> dated according <strong>to</strong> this era continue in an unbroken series down <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> reign <strong>of</strong> Nero. 30. Aradus. M. Obv. Head <strong>of</strong> city, turreted. Rev. APAAIflN. Nike, holding aplustre. Date 127 = B.C. 133. The whole in laurelwreath. Wt. 230 grs. The era according <strong>to</strong> which <strong>the</strong> <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> Aradus are dated begins in B.C. 259, under Antiochus II. The issue <strong>of</strong> tetradrachms like <strong>the</strong> above did not, however, commence till B.C. 136, <strong>and</strong> comes <strong>to</strong> an end in less than a century. 31. Jerusalem. M. Shekel. Simon Maccabaeus (?) b.c. 143- 135. Obv. ^5{•^S^'"' hp^' Shekel <strong>of</strong> Israel. A cup, or chalice. Above <strong>the</strong> letters, I!;* (for y'D^^, shenath arba), year 4. Rev. ntJ'l^pn D v^'n% Jerushalaim hak-kedoshah, " Jerusalem <strong>the</strong> holy," A triple lily. Wt. 220 grs. , Antiochus VII. (Sidetes), b.c 138-129, conferred upon Simon Maccabaeus, <strong>the</strong> bro<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> Judas <strong>and</strong> high-priest <strong>and</strong> prince <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Jews, <strong>the</strong> right <strong>of</strong> coining money. Some numismatists attribute <strong>the</strong>se shekels <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> time <strong>of</strong> Ezra, circa B.C. 458-432 (Ezra vii. 18 ; Neh. v. 15), <strong>to</strong> whom a special commission was granted by Artaxerxes Longimanus. It must be stated, however, that both style <strong>and</strong> palaeography <strong>of</strong>fer serious objections <strong>to</strong> this attribution. There are, moreover, no traces <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> incuse square almost universal in <strong>the</strong> fifth century, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> honorific title, nK^np, " <strong>the</strong> holy," added <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> city, is almost pro<strong>of</strong> conclusive that <strong>the</strong> coin belongs or is subsequent <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> period when Sidon, Tyre, <strong>and</strong> Byblus adopted <strong>the</strong> same title, b.c. 176-120. Nei<strong>the</strong>r does <strong>the</strong> word n:c^ occur on any Phoenician <strong>coins</strong> before <strong>the</strong> year B.C. 238, when Aradus <strong>and</strong> Marathus begin <strong>to</strong> use it. The chalice on <strong>the</strong>se <strong>coins</strong> is usually called <strong>the</strong> pot <strong>of</strong> manna : a similar one is represented on <strong>the</strong> triumphal
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IV PREFACE. periods. The divisions
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LIST OF ABBEEVIATIONS AND EXPLANATI
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SELECT GREEK AND ROMAN COINS. PERIO
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— PERIOD I. 3 To facilitate a com
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B.C. 700-480. 5 10. Old Smyrna (?).
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PERIOD ill. 35 PERIOD III.—CIRCA
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U.C.BERKELEY LIBRARIES cD^bQ5^D^fi