The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

Sankhara 124 Sanga
nay. anei'iiai) s. abhisankharoti. is, in D 111.217 & Vbh
135. catalogTied as the three classes of abhisankhara
S 11-39. 360 ; A n.157, where s. is tantamount to saiicetana
; Miln 61 , where s., as khandha, is replaced by cetana
(purposive conception). Thus, too. the ss. in the Paticcasamuppada
formula are considered as the aggregate of
mental conditions which, under the law of kamma, bring
about the inception of the patisandhivifiiiana. or first
stirring of mental life in a newly begun individual. Lists
of the psychologically, or logically distinguishable factors
making up the composite sankharakkhandha. with
constants and variants, are given for each class of citta
in Dhs 62, etc. (X.B.—Read cetana for vedana. § 338.)
Phassa and cetana are the two constant factors in the
s-kkhandha. These lists may be compared with the
later elaboration of the sankhara-elements given at
Vism 462 sq. — 3. sankhara (pi.) in popular meaning.
In the famous formula (and in many other connections,
as e. g. sabbe sankhara) " anicca vata sankhara uppadavaya-dhammino
" (D 11. 157; S 1.6, 158, 200; 11. 193;
Th I. 1 159 ; J 1.392. cp. \'ism 527), which is rendered by
Mrs. Rh. D. [Brethren, p 385 e. g.) as " O, transient are
our lije's experiences ! Their nature 'tis to rise and
pass away," we have the use of s. in quite a general &
popular sense of " life, phj-sical or material life " ; and
sabbe sankhara means " everj-thing, all physical and
visible life, all creation." Taken with caution the term
" creation " may be applied as t.t. in the Paticca-
samuppada. when we regard avijja as creating, i. e.
producing by spontaneous causality the sankharas, and
sankhara as " natura genita atque genitura " (the latter
with ref. to the foil, vinnana). If we render it by
" formations " (cp. Oldenberg's " Gestaltungen," Buddha
^1920, p. 254). we imply the mental "constitutional-"
element as well as the physical, although the latter in
customary materialistic popular philosophy is the predominant
factor (cp. the discrepancies of " life eternal
and " life is extinct " in one & the same European term).
None of the " links " in the Paticca-samuppada meant
to the people that which it meant or was supposed to
mean in the subtle and schematic philosophy (dhamma
duddasa nipuna !) of the dogmatists. — Thus sankhara
are in the widest sense the " world of phenomena " (cp.
below °loka) all things which have been made up by
pre-existing causes. — At PvA 71 we find sankhara in
lit. meaning as " things " (preparations) in def" of ye
keci (bhoga) "whatever." The sabbe s. at S 11. 178
(trsl" " all the things of this world ") denote all 5 aggregates
exhausting all conditioned things ; cp. Kvu 226
(trsl" " things ") ; Mhvs iv.66 ( : the material and transitory
world); Dh 154 (vi-sankhara,gatar) cittai)^mind
divested of all material things) ; DhsA
304 (trsl" " kamma
211,
activitie.s," in connection avijja-paccaya-s") ; Cpd.
S
n. 3- ^The def" of sankhara at Vism 526 (as result of
avijja & cause of vifinana in the P.-S.) is: sankhatar)
abhisankharonti ti sankhara. Api ca : avijja-paccaya
sankhara sankhara-saddena agata-sankhara ti duvidha
sankhara ; etc. with further def. of the 4 sankharas. —
4. Var. passages for sankhara in general: D 11. 213;
111.221 sq.,M 11.223 (imassadukkha-nidanassasankharai)
padahato sankhara-ppadhana virago hoti) ;
111.69
(ekanta-dukkha sankhara); iv.216 sq. (sankharanar)
khaya-dhammata id. ; with vaya°, viraga", nirodha"
etc.); Sn 731 (yar) kiilci dukkhar) sambhoti sabbai]
sankhara-paccaya ; sankharanar) nirodhena n'atthi
dukkhassa sambhavo) ; Vism 453. 462 sq. (the 51),
329 sq.; Dh.A 111.264, 379; VbhA 134 (4 fold), 149
(3 fold), 192 (ayflhana): PvA 41 (bhijjana-dhamma).
Of passages dealing with the sankharas as anicca,
vayadhamma, anatta, dukkha etc. the foil, may be
mentioned: Vin 1.13; S 1.200; 111.24; iv.2:6, 259;
v-56, 345; M nr.64, 108; A 1.286; II. 150 sq. ; 111.83,
143; IV.13, 100; It 38; Dh 277, 3S3; Ps 1.37, 132;
11.48; 109 sq.; Nd2 444, 430 ; .also Nd^ p. 259 (s. v.
sankhara).
-upekkha equanimity among "things" Vism 161,
162. -upasama allay ment of the constituents of life
Dh 368. 381 ; cp. DhA iv.108. -khandha the aggregate
of (mental) coefficients D m 233 ; Kvu 578 ; Tikp 61 ;
DhsA 345 ; VbhA 20. 42. -dukkha the evil of material
life, constitutional or inherent ill VbhA 93 (in the classification
of the sevenfold siikkha). -paccaya (viiiiianar))
conditioned by the synergies (is vital consciousness), the
second linkage in the Paticca-samuppada (q. v.) Vism
577; VbhA 152 sq. -padhana concentration on the
sankharas M 11.223. -majjhattata = "upekkha \TDhA
283. -loka the material world, the world of formation
(or phenomena), creation, loka " per se," as contrasted
to satta-loka, the world of (morally
beings, loka "per hominem " Vism 205;
SnA 442.
responsible)
VbhA 456;
Sankharavant (adj.) [fr. sankhara] having sankharas A
n.2i4=Dhs 1003.
Sankhitta [pp. of sankhipati] i. concise, brief Miln 227;
DhsA 344 ; instr. sankhittena in short, concisely (opp.
vittharena) Vin i.io; D 11.305; S v. 421; Pug 41.
Cp. BSk. sanksiptena Divy 37 etc.-— 2. concentrated,
attentive D 1.80 (which at Vism 410 however is expH
as " thina-middh' Snugata ") ; S n.122 ; v.263 ; D
M 1.39. — 3. contracted, thin, slender : °majjha
waist J v.r55. — Cp. abhi".
11.299 =
of slender
Sankhipati [sag -1- khipati] i. to collect, heap together
Mhvs I. 31. — 2. to withdraw, put off Davs rv.35.
3. to concentrate J 1.82. — 4. to abridge, shorten.
pp. sankhitta.
Sankhippa (adj.) [sag -t- khippa] quick J vi.323.
Sankhiya-dhamma form of talk, the trend of talk D 1.2 ;
DA I 43. Cp. sankhya.
Sankhubhati [sag -1- khubbati] to be shaken, to be agitated.
DhA to stir
J 1.446 (ger. °khubhitva) ; ; aor.
n.43, 57
"khubhi PvA 93. — pp. sankhubhita. — Caus. sankhobheti
to shake, stir up, agitate J 1.119, 350 ; 11. 119.
Sankhubhita [pp. of sankhubhati] shaken, stirred J 111.443.
Sankhepa [sag + khepa] i . abridgment,
abstract, condensed
account (opp. vitthara), e. g. Vism 532, 479; Dh 1.125;
KhA 183; DhsA 344; SnA 150, 160, 314; VbhA 47.
Cp. ati". — 2. the sum of, quintessence of; instr. °ena
(adv.) by way of, as if, e. g. raja" as if he were king
bhiimi-ghara" in the shape of an earth house
DA 1.246 ;
DA 1.260. — 3. group, heaping up. amassing, collection :
pabbata-sankhepe in a mountain glen (lit. in the midst
of a group of mountains) D 1.84; A 111.396. bhava°
amassing of existences J 1.165 sq., 366, 463; 11.137.
4. atavi" at A 1.178 ; 111.66 is probably a wrong reading
for °sankopa " inroad of savage tribes."
Sankheyya* (adj.) [grd. of sankliayati] calculable; only
neg. a° incalculable S v.400 ; A ill. 366; PvA 212.
-"kara acting with a set purpose Sn 351. — As grd. of
sankharoti: see upa".
Sankheyya^ (nt.) a hermitage, the residence of Thera
Ayupala Miln 19, 22 etc.
Sankhobha [san -l- khobha] shaking, commotion, upsetting,
disturbance J 1.64 ; Sdhp 471.
Sankhobheti see sankhubhati.
Sanga [fr. sanj: see sajjati'] cleaving, clinging, attachment,
bond S 1.23, 117 sq.; A ni.311 ; iv.289 ; Dh 170,
342, etc.; Sn 61, 212, 386, 390, 475. etc.; Dhs 1039;
DhsA 363; J III. 201 ; the five sangas are raga, dosa,
moha, mana, and dilthi, Thag. 633=Dhp. 370; DhA
IV. 187 ; seven sangas. It. 94 ; Nd' 91, 432 ; Nd* 620.