The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

-S- a euphonic -s- seems to occur in comb" ras-agga-saggin
(see rasa'). An apparent hiatus -s in ye s-idha
Sn 1083, and evar) s-ahag Sn 11 34 (v. 1.) may be an
abbreviated su° (see su-), unless we take it as a misspelling
for p.
Sa' the letter s (sa-kara) SnA 23 ; or the syllable sa DhA
11.6 ;
PvA 280.
Sa^ [Idg. *so- (m.). 'sa- (f .) ; nom. sg, to base *to- of the
oblique cases; cp. Sk. sa (sah), sa ; Av. ho, ha; Gr. o,
i) ; Goth. sa. so ; Ags. se " the " (=that one) ; \>e-s =E.
thi-s] base of the nom. of the demonstr. pron. that, he,
she. The form sg. m. sa is rare (e. g. Dh 142 ; Sn 89).
According to Geiger {P.Gr. § 105) sa occurs in Sn 40 times,
but so 124 times. In later Pali sa is almost extinct.
The final o of so is often changed into v before vowels,
and a short vowel is lengthened after this v : svajja
Sn 998 =so ajja; svahar) J i.i67=so ahar) ; svayar)
Vin 1.2 =so ayai). The foil, vowel is dropped in so mar)
It 57=so imai). — A form se is Magadhism for nt. ace.
sg. tag, found e. g. at D 11.278, 279; M 11.254, 255, and
in combi seyyatha, seyyathidag (for which tagyatha
Miln I). An idiomatic use is that of so in meaning of
" that (he or somebody)," e. g. " so vata . . . palipanno
parag palipannag uddharissati ti : n' etag thanag
vijjati " M 1.45 ;
cp. " sa 'hag dhammag nassosig " that
I did not hear the Dh. Vv 408. Or in the sense of a
cond. (or causal) part. " if," or " once," e. g. sa kho so
bhikkhu .
. . upakkileso ti iti viditva . . . upakki-
lesag pajahati " once he has recognised . . ." M 1.37.
Cp. ya° II. 2 b. On correl. use with ya° (yo so etc.) see
ya° 11. 1.
Sa' [identical with sag°] prefix, used as first pt. of compounds,
is the sense of " with," possessed of, having,
same as ; e. g. sadevaka with the devas Vin 1.8 ; sadhammika
having common faith D 11.273; sajati having the
same origin J 11. 108. Often opposed to a- and other
neg. prefixes (like nir°). Sometimes almost pleonastical
(like sa-antara). — Of combinations we only mention
a few of those in which a vocalic initial of the 2'"' pt.
remains uncontracted. Other examples see under their
heading in alph. order. E. g. sa-antara inside DhA
111.788 (for santara Dh 315); sa-Inda together with
Indra D 11. 261, 274 ; A v. 325 sq. ; °-uttara having something
beyond, inferior (opp. an°) D 1.80 ; 11.299 =M i 59 ;
Dhs 1292, 1596; DhsA 50; "-uttaracchada (& "chadana)
a carpet with awnings above it D 1.73- ; 11. 187 (°ava)
A 1. 181 ; Vin 1.192 ; DA 1.87 ; -°udaka with water, wet
Vin 1.46 ; -"udariya born from the same womb, a brother
J IV. 41 7, cp. sodariya ; -°uddesa with explanation It 99 ;
Vism 423 (nama-gotta-vasena sa-udd. ; vann'adi-vasena
sakara) ; -"upanisa together with its cause, causally
associated S 11.30 ;
-"upavajja having a helper M 111.266 ;
-°upadana showing attachment M 11.265 : -"upadisesa
having the substratum of life remaining Sn 354 ; It 38 ;
Nett 92. Opp. anupadisesa; -°ummi roaring of the
billows It 57, 1 14. — Nole. sa* & sa' are differentiations
of one and the same sa, which is originally the deictic
s.
114
pronoun in the function of identity & close connection.
See etym. under sag".
Sa* (reflex, pron.) [Vedic sva & svayag (=P. sayag) ; Idg.
*seuo, 'sue ; cp. Av. hava & hva own ; Gr. tog & og his
own; Lat. sui, suus ; Goth, swes own, sik = Ger. sich
himself; etc.] own M 1.366; D 11.209; Sn 905; J
11. 7 ;
III. 164, 323 (loc. samhi lohite), 402 (ace. sag his own,
viz. kinsman; C=sakag janag); iv.249 (sag bhatarag);
Pv ii.i2'=DhA HI. 277 (ace. san tanug); instr. sena on
one's own, by oneself J v. 24 (C. not quite to the point
mama santakena). Often in composition, like sadesa
one's own country Davs i.io. Cp. saka.
Sag° (indecl.) [prefix ; Idg. *sem one ; one & the same, cp.
Gr. li^aXi'iQ even, ufia at one, ii^ug together ; Sk. sama
even, the same ; sama in the same way ; Av. hama
same =Goth. sama, sama)) together ; Lat. simul ( =simultaneous),
similis " re-sembling." Also Sk. sa (=sa'')
together = Gr. a-, d- (e. g. dn-oinc) ; Av. ha- ; and
samyak
towards one point = P. samma. — Analogously to Lat.
semel " once," simul, we find sa° as numeral base for
"one" in Vedic sakrt "once"=P. sakid {& sakad),
sahasra 1000 =P. sahassa, and in adv. sada " always,"
lit. " in one "] prefix, implying conjunction & completeness,
sag" is after vi° (i9"o) the most frequent
(i6°'o) of all Pali prefixes. Its primary meaning is
" together " (cp. Lat. con°) ; hence arises that of a closer
connection or a more accentuated action than that
expressed by the simple verb (intensifying = thoroughly,
quite), or noun. Very often merely pleonastic, esp. in
comb" with other prefixes (e. g. sam-anu°, sam-a°,
sam-pa°). In meaning of " near by, together " it is
opposed to para" ; as modifying prefix it is contrary to
abhi° and (more frequently) to vi° (e. g. sagvadati>
vivadati), whereas it often equals pa° (e. g. pamodati>
sammodati), with which it is often comb"' as sampa°;
and also abhi° (e. g. abhivaddhati>sagvaddhati), with
which often comb'' as abhisag°. — Bdhgh & Dhpala
explain sag" by samma (SnA 151 ; KhA 209: so read
for sama agata), sutthu (see e. g. santasita, santusita),
or samanta ( = altogether ; SnA 152, 154), or (dogmatically)
sakena santena samena (KhA 240), or as
" sagyoga " Vism 495. — In comb" with y we find both
sagy° and safifi". The usual contracted form before r
is sa°.
Sagyata (& safiiiata) [pp. of sagyamati] lit. drawn together ;
fig. restrained, self-controlled D 11.88; S 1.79; Sn 88,
156, 716; 1. J 188; Vv 34"; Miln 213.-
-atta having one's self restrained, self-controlled
S 1. 14 (for saya°); Sn 216, 284 (nn), 723; Pv 11.6"
(nil ; =sanilata-citta PvA 98). -iiru having the thighs
pressed together, having firm thighs J v. 89, 107 (fin).
155 (iin).- -carin living in self-control Dh 104 (nn).
-pakhuma having the eyelashes close together VvA 162.
Sagyama {& saniiama) [fr. sag -I- yam] i. restraint, selfcontrol,
abstinence S 1.2 1, 169 ; D 1.53 ; Vin 1.3 ; A 1. 155
sq. (kayena, vacaya, manasa); D in. 147 ; It 15 (nn) ; Sn
264, 655 ; M ii.ioi (sila°) ; Dh 25 (saflnama dama) ; DA