The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

Ruta 31 Rumma
II. 218, 224) and ninna (MVastu 111.116); Prk, ruppa
(Pischel § 566). See rudati & cp. aruijna] i. (pp.)
crying, in comb" runna-mukha with tearful face J vi.525
(C. rudam°); Miln 148. — 2. (nt.) weeping, crying,
lamentation Th i, 554; A 1.261 ; Sn 584 ( + soka); Pv
1.4' ; Milo 357. As ronna at A iv.197, 223 ; Th i, 555 ;
J
III. 166.
Rata (nt.) [pp. of ravati : see rava & ravati] noise, sound-
(ing); cry, singing Th i, 1 103 ; J 1.207 (T. reading ruda
is expl"" in C. as ruta with °da for °ta : ta-karassa dakaro
kato) ; 111.276 (sabba-ruta-janana-manta : spell of
knowing all animal-sounds ; T. reads ruta ;
cp. sabba-
rava-janana J in. 415); vi.475 (rudaiiiiu = ruta-jna C.
same meaning); Miln 178 (sakuna-ruta-ravita) ; VvA
(karavika").
Ratta in du° & su° at DhsA 396 is to be read as dur- and
su(r)-utta (see utta).
Rada stands for ruta (cry) at 2 Jataka passages, viz.
J 1.207; VI.475 (ruda-fifiu knowing the cries of all
animals, expl* as " ruta-jna, sabba-ravai) janati" C).
Radati & Rodati [rad, the usual Sk. pres. being rodati, but
forms fr. base rud° are Vedic and are later found also
in Prk. (cp. Pischel Prk. Gr. : § 495) ruyai besides royai
&rodasi. — The Idg. root is 'rend, being an enlargement
of *r«U, as in ravati (q. v.). Cp. cognates Lat. rudo to
cry, shout, bray; Lith. raud^ wailing; Ohg. riozan =
Ags. reotan. — The Dhtp expl" rnd by " rodane "
(144),
the Dhtm by " assu-vimocane " (206)] to cry, lament,
weep, wail. — Forms I. rud° (the older form): pres.
rudati (not yet found); ppr. rudanto D 1.115; Sn 675,
691 ; rudamana M 1.341 ; A 11.95 : P"g 62 ; Mi'n 275
Sdhp 281 ; and rudag Pv i.8« ; also in cpd. rudam-mukha
with weeping face J vi.518 (assu-netta-l- ) ; Pv i.ii*;
ger. ruditvana Mhvs 35, 24 ; fut. rucchati J v.366 and
rucchiti J vi.550 ( = rodissati C; see also nijati).
II. rod° (the younger form & the one peculiar to prose)
pres. rodati J 1.55 ; 111.169 (socati+ ) ; Pv 1.8' (socati+ )
1.12*; PvA 17, 18; Pot. rode Pv 1.8' ( = rodeyyag PvA
64); ppr. rodanto J 1.65; f. rodanti PvA 16; med.
rodamana PvA 6 ; DA 1.284. — aor. rodi J 1.167 ; DhA
11.17 (+hasi); fut. rodissati J vi.550 ger. ; roditva
Mhvs 9, 7; inf. roditur) J 1.55. — Caus. 11. rodapeti to
make someone cry DhA 11.86. — pp. runna, rudita &
rodita.
Rudita (nt.) [pp. of rudati, equivalent to runna] crying,
weeping PvA i8 (H-assu-mocana, in expl" of ruppa), 63
(=paridevita).
Radda (adj.) [cp. Sk. raudra & Vedic rudra (a keTCe demon
or storm-deity " ; the red one," with Pischel from rud
to be ruddy. See Macdonell, Vedic Mythology 74-77).
The usual Pali form is ludda. At Dhtp 473 & Dhtm
135 a root ruth (or luth) is given in meaning " upaghate
" i. e. killing, which may represent this rnd: see
luthati] fierce, awful, terrible J iv.416 (so luddako
rudda-rupo ; v. 1. ludda") ; v. 425, 431 (su-ruddho,
spelling for su-ruddo, very fierce, expl* as su-Iuddo supharuso)
; Mhvs 12, 45 (rudda-rakkhasi, prob. with ref.
to the demon Rudra ; trsl" " fearsome female demon " ;
vv. 11. ruda°, ruddha", dudda").
Ruddha [pp- ol rundhati] 1. obstructed, disturbed Davs
4, 46. — 2. at J v.425 & 431 in cpd. su-ruddha it stands
for nidda (q. v.). — Cp. upa", ni°, pafi" pativi°. vi".
Radhira (nt.) [late Vedic rudhira. Etym. connected with
Lat. ruber red ; Gr. epuOpog red ; Oicel. rodra blood,
Goth. rau|>s = Ger. rot = E. red] blood DhA 1.140;
PvA 34 (for lohita ; v. 1. ruhira). See the more freq.
words rohita & lohita ; a form ruhira (q. v.) occurs e. g.
at Pv 1.9*.
Rundhati [rnndh or rudh, both roots in Vedic Sk. — Dhtp
(375, 425) expl=^ by " avarane " ; id. Dhtm (608, 662).]
I. to restrain, hinder, prevent, obstruct, keep out
Cp. III. 10'; Miln 313 (-t-upa"). — 2. to conceal, hide,
88 (ppr.
cover up Th 2, 238 (ppr. rundhanto) ; PvA
rundhamana). — 3. in phrase nagarai] r. to surround
or besiege a town J 1.409 (aor. rundhi); 111.159 (°itva)
IV.230 (°ir)su). — Pass rujjhati ; pp. ruddha & rtilha. —
See also upa", pafi" pafiva, vi°. Note. The roots rndh
& rnndh are also found in Prk. (see Pischel § 507)
besides we have a by-form rabh in Prk. as well as in
Pali : see Pischel, § 266, 507, and P. rumbhati.
Rnppa in ruppa-rupakag (nt.) Th 2, 394 is not clear. It
refers to something which is not rupa, yet pretends to
be rupa, i. e. a sham performance or show. Thus ruppa
may correspond to 'rupya & with rupaka mean " having
the form (i. e. the appearance) of form, i. e. substantiality."
TheCy. (ThA 2 59) interprets as " rupiya-rupa-
sadisar) sarar) sarai) upatthahantar) asaran ti attho " ;
and Mrs. Rh. D. {Sisters, p. 154) trsl': "deluded by
puppet shows (seen in the midst of the crowd)."
Rnppati [rap=Iap, one of the rare cases of P. r. representing
a Sk. 1., whereas the opposite is frequent. The
same sound change Idg., as Lat. rumpo to.break corresponds
to Sk. lumpati. Besides we find the Sk. form
ropayati to break off. — The root has nothing to do with
rupa, although the P. Commentators combine these two.
— Cp. also Sk. ropa hole; Ags. reofan to break, reaf
(theft)= Ger. raub, rauben, and many other cognates
(see Walde s. v. rumpo). — The root rup is def* at
Dhtm by nas, i. e. to destroy ; another rnp is given at
Dhtm 837 in meaning" ropana "] to be vexed, oppressed,
hurt, molested (always with ref. to an illness or pain)
Sn 767 (salla-viddho va r.) 1121; Nd' 5 ( = kuppati,
ghaftij'ati, pijiyati); Nd* 543 ( = kuppati pijayati
ghatayati). — ppr. gen. ruppato S 1.198 (salla-viddhassa
r. ; expl* at K.S. 320 by " ghaffan-atthena ") =
Sn 331 (reads salla-viddhana ruppatarj, i. e. pi. instead
of sg.) ; Th I, 967 (salla-viddhassa ruppato (C. sariravikarag
apajjato. Brethren, 338); J 11.437 (C- ghattiyamana
piliyamana) = Vism 49 (dukkhitassa r.) ; J 111.169
(salla-viddhassa T. = ghat{iyamana C). —ruppati to
Pali exegesis with its fondness of allegorical (" orthodox
") interpretation, is the etym. base of rupa, thus at
S 111.86: "ruppati ti tasma rupan ti vuccati kena r.?
sitena, unhena etc. (all kinds of material dukkha
dukkha 11. 3'') ruppati." — Or at Sn 1121 (ruppanti
rupena), & at other passages given under rupa (A).
See also ruppana.
Ruppana (nt.) [fr. rnp) molestation, vexation, trouble
J III. 368 ( = ghattana dusana kuppana C). Frequent
in allegorical exegesis of rupa, e. g. at DhsA 52 (naman'
atthena namai) ruppan' afthena ruparj), 303 (rup' adihi
ruppana-bhava-dipana) ; VbhA 4 (ruppan* atfhena
rupai) ; in expl" of passage S 111.86 (mentioned under
ruppati) ; KhA 78, 79 (ruppan' atthena . . . rupag
rupag ti vuccati).
Rumbhati [so read for nimhati (Trenckner, Notes 59* ; the
root is another form of rndh (as in Prk.) : see rundhati.
The Dhtm (547) defines by " uppi|ana "] to obstruct,
surround, besiege (=rundhati 3) J vi.391 (where spelling
rumhati ; in phrase nagarai) r.). See also ni", sanni°.
— pp. riilha.
Ranuna(adj.) [put down (rightly) by Geiger, P.Gr. § 53 as
different fr. Sk. rukma (shining) ; Morris, J.P.T.S. 1893.
12 tried the etym. rumma = Sk. rumra "tawny," Of
rukma (rukmin) shiny. It is still an unsolved problem.
It may not be far off to trace a relation (by miswriting.
dissimilation or false analogy) to ruppa in sense of
ruppati, or to rnj, or even rudda. The C. expl" of all
the rumma- fc rummin passages is anaiijita, i. e.