The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

Rava 24 Rasa
(better reading here dav' atthe rav' atthe for dhive
ra^atthe, cp, w. 11. on p. 567 & Neumann, Mittl.
Sammlg. 11.672 n. 49). Noie. At the Vin passages it
refers to speaking & making blunders by over-hurrying
oneself in speaking. — The Dhtm (No. 871) gives rava
as a synonym of rasa (with ass3.da & sneha). It is not
clear what the connection is between these two mean-
ings.
Rava* [fr. ru, cp. Vedic rava] loud sound, roar, shout,
cry; any noise uttered by animals J 11. 1 10; ni.277;
DhA 1.232 (sabba-rava-&fiu knowing all sounds of
animals) ; Miln 357 (karufiAa°). See also r&va &
nita.
BaTaka=rava, in go° a cow's bellowing M 1.225.
Bavaoa (adj.-nt.) [fr. ravati] roaring, howling, singing,
only in cpd. °gha^ a certain kind of pitcher, where
meaning of ravana is uncertain. Only at identical
passages (in illustration) Vism 264=362 = KhA 68
(reading pel^-ghata, but see App. p. 870 ravana'') =
VbhA 68 (where v. 1. yavana°, with ?).
Bavati [ru :
raucus, rumor " rumour " ; Gr. upvo/iai to shout,
iipviov roaring, etc. ; Dhtp 240 : rn " sadde "] to shout,
Idg. 're & *rea, cp. Lat. ravus " raw, hoarse,"
cry, make a (loud) noise Miln 254. — aor. ravi J 1.162
(baddha-rSvai) ravi); 11. no; 111.102 ; PvA 100; aravi
Mhvs 10, 69 (maha-ravar)) ; and aravi Mhvs 32, 79. —
pp. ravita & ruta. — Cp. abhi°, vi°.
Bavi [cp. Sk. ravi] the sun J 11.375 (taruija°-vaiHjaratha).
-inda " king of the sun," N. of the lotus D5vs in. 37.
-hai)sa " sun-swan," N. of a bird J vi.539.
Bavita [pp. of ravati] shouted, cried, uttered Miln 178
(sakuija-ruta°).
Basa^ [Vedic rasa; with Lat. ros " dew," Lith. rasi id.,
and Av RailhJ N. of a river, to Idg. *eres to flow, as in
Sk. arjati, Gr. dii^oppot (to plu); also Sk. r?abha : see
usabha*. — Dhtp 325 defines as " assadane " 629 as
" assada-snehanesu " ; Dhtm 451 as " assSde." — The
decl. is usually as regular a-stem, but a secondary instr.
fr. an s-stem is to be found in rasasa by taste A 11.63 ;
J 111.328] that which is connected with the sense of
taste. The def" given at Vism 447 is as follows:
" jivh3.-patihanana-iakkhai;io raso, jivha-vifinaijassa
visaya-bhavo raso, tass' eva gocara-paccupafjhano,
miSla-raso khandha-raso ti adinj nayena anekavidho,"
i. e. rasa is physiologically & psychologically peculiar
to the tongue (sense-object & sense-perception), and
also consists as a manifold object in extractions from
roots, trunk etc, (see next). — The conventional encyclopaedic
def" of rasa at Nd' 240 ; Nd* 540, Dhs 629
gives taste according to : (a) the 6-fold objective source
as miila-Tasa, khandha°, taca°, patta°, puppha°, pha]a°,
or taste (i. e. juice, liquid) of root, trunk, bark, leaf,
flower & fruit ; and — (b) the 12 -fold subjective (physiological)
sense-perception as ambila, madhura, tittika,
kafuka lonika, kharika, lambila (Miln 56 : ambila),
kas&Ta ; sadu, asadu, sita, unha, or sour, sweet, bitter,
pungent, salt, alkaline, sour, astringent pleasant, un-
;
pleasant, cold & hot, Miln 56 has the foil. : ambila,
—- lavana, tittaka, kafuka, kasjya, madhura. i. juice
[as applied in the Veda to the Soma juice], e.g. in the
foil. comb»« : ucchu° of sugar cane, extract of sugar,
cane syrup Vin 1.246 ; VvA 180 ; patta° & puppha° of
leaf & flower Vin 1.246 ; madhura° of honey PvA 1 19.
— 2. taste as (objective) quality, the sense-object of
taste (cp. above defM). In the list of the ayatanas,
or senses with their complementary sense-objects
(sentient and sensed) rasa occupies the 4"' place,
following upon gandha. It is stated that one tastes (or
" senses '
) taste with the tongue (no reference to palate)
'
jivhaya rtisai) siyitva (or vififleyya). See also Syatana
3 and rupa. — M 111.55 (jivhS-vifSfteyya r.), 267
D 111.244, 250; Sn 387; Dhs 609; PvA 50 (vai^iia-
gandha-rasa-sampanna bhojana :
sense of taste,
see below 5). — 3.
as quality & personal accomplishment.
Thus in the list of senses marking superiority (the 10
adhipateyyas or th&i^as), similar to rasa as special distinction
of the Mahapnrisa (see cpd. ras-agga) S iv.275
= Pv ii.g** ; A IV. 242. — 4. object or act of enjoyment,
sensual stimulus, material enjoyment, pleasure (usnally
in pi.) Sn 65 (rzisesn gedha, see materialistic exegesis
at Nd' 540), 854 (rase na anagijjhati perhaps better
;
rasesu, as SnA) ; A 111.237 (pnriso agga'-parititto
perhaps to No. 2 ). — 5. flavour and its substance (or
substratum), e. g. soup VvA 243 (kakkataka° crabsoup),
cp. S V.I 49, where 8 soup flavours are given
(ambila. tittaka, katuka, madhura, kharika, akh&rika,
loQika, aloijika) ; Pv 11. i" (aneka-rasa-vyaSjana "with
exceptionally flavoured sauce"); J v.459. 465. gorasa
" flavour of cow, i. e. produce of cow : see under
go. Also metaphorically : " flavour, relish, pleasure " :
Sn 257 (pariveka", dhamma-piti", cp. SnA 299 " assid'
287 (vimutti" relish of
attbena " PvA i. e. tastiness) ;
salvation). So also as attha°, dhamma°, vimutti"
Ps 11.89. — 6. (in grammar & style) essential property,
elegance, brightness ; in dramatic art " sentiment "
(flavour) (see Childers s. v. natya-rasa) Miln 340 (with
opamma and lakkhai^a : perhaps to No. ; 7) PvA 122
(°rasa as ending in Np. Angirasa, expl* as jntiyS adhivacanag,"
i. e. brightness, excellency). — 7. at t. t. in
philosophy " essential property " (Expos. 84), comb*
with lakkhana etc. (cp. Cpd. 13, 213), either kicca"
function or sampatti° property DhsA 63, 249 ; Vism 8,
448; Miln 148. — 8. fine substance, semi-solid semiliquid
substance, extract, delicacy, fineness, dust.
Thus in pathavl" "essence of earth," humus S 1.134
(trsl» " taste of earth," rather abstract) ; or rasapathavi
earth as dust or in great fineness, " primitive
earth " (before taking solid shape) D 111.86 sq. (trsl.
" savoury earth," not quite clear), opp. to bhQmi- 1
pappataka; Vism 418 pabbata-rasa mountain extract,
;
rock-substance J in. 55 ; suvjinna° gold dust J 1.93. —
9. (adj, -°) tasting Vv 16*1 (AmatarasS f. = nibb4narasivini
VvA 85).
-agga finest quality (of taste), only in further comp»
with °aggita (ras-agga-s-aggita) njost delicate sense
trsl» Dial.) D 111.167, and "aggin (ras-agga-s-aggin, cp.
MVastu n.306 : rasa-ras' Agrin) of the best quality (of
taste, cp. above 2), said of the Mahapurisa D 11.18 =
111.144 trsl" Dial. 11.
('^P- 15 "his taste is supremely
acute "), The phrase & its wording are still a little
doubtful. Childers gives etym. of rasaggas-aggin as
rasa-ggas-aggin, ggas representing gras to swallow (not
otherwise found in P5li I), and expl" the BSk. ras'dgrin
as a distortion of the P. form, -aitjana a sort of
ointment (among 5 kinds), " vitriol " (Rh. D.) Vin
1.203. -Ada enjoying the objects of taste M in. 168.
-ayatana the sphere of taste D 111.243, 290 ; Dhs 629,
653. H95 (insert after gandha°, see Dhs. trsl. 319).
-arammana object of taste Dhs 12, 147, 157. -asa
craving for tastes Dhs 1059. -garuka bent on enjoyment
SnA 107. -tanha thirst for taste, lust of sensual
enjoyment D 111,244, 280; J v,293 ;
Dhs
1059; DhA
IV.196. -saiUia perception of tastes D in. 244 (where
also °saflcetan5). -haranl (f) [ph. "haraniyo, in comp»
harapi"] taste-conductor, taste-receiver ; the salivary
canals of the mouth or the nerves of sensation ; these
are in later literature given as numbering 7000, e. g. at
J V.293 (khobhetva phari) ; DhA 1.134 (anuphari)
SnA 107 (pathama-kabaje mukhe
KhA 51 (only as 7 I) ;
pakkhitta-matte satta rasa-harani-sahassani amaten'
eva phutani ahesur)). Older passages are ; Vin n. 137 ; L
D III. 167 (referring to the Mahapurisa " : sampajjasa m
r-haraiji susajjthita," trsl": erect taste-bearers planted
well [in throat]).