The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

-Y- comb" consonant (sandhi), inserted (euphonically)
between 2 vowels for the avoidance of hiatus. It has
arisen purely phonetically from ( as a sort of " gliding "
or semi-vowel within a word, where the syllable division
was in regular speech more openly felt than in the
written language, e. g. pari-y-apanna (Pali) corresponds
to Sk. pary-apanna, similarly pari-y-osana = Sk.
paryosana.
y-ima disa.
Thus inserted after a before i or e : cha-
D 111.188; ta-y-idai) Sn 1077; Pv 1.3';
tava-y-idar) Sn 352; na-y-idarj S 11.278; maraa-y-idai)
Sn 806 ; na-y-idha Sn 790 ; ma-y-idha Vin 1.54 yassa-
;
y-etadisi paja D 11.267 (v- 1- ^^ ^°^ T yassa-s-etadisi)
satiya-y-etar) adhivacanar) M 11.260; na-y-imassa
Pv IV. I*. — After i before a : pavisi-y-assamar) J v. 405 ;
khaiji-y-asmani J in. 433 ; ya-y-aiiiiar) J 1.429 (where
patisandhi-karo). — Cp. yeva for
C. expl'' : ya-karo
eva. — Note. At J vi.io6 ya-y-irae jane is to be taken
as ye ime jane ; the spelling ay for e being found elsewhere
as well. Cp. the following ta-y-ime jane.
Ya° [pron.
jabai if,
rel. base: Vedic yah = Gr. iif who; cp. Goth,
-ei rel. part. An amplification of the dem.
pron. base *i-, *ei- (cp. ayag). See on detail Brugmann,
" Die indogerm. Pronomina " in Ber. d. sachs.
Ges. LX. 41 sq.] I. Forms. (See inflection also at
Geiger, P.Gr. § no.) The decl. is similar to that of ta° ;
among the more rarely found forms we only mention
the foil. : sg. nom. m. yo with by-form (in hiatus) 3rv-,
as yv'4yar) = yo ayag M 1.258 ;
3rv'4ssa=yo assa M 1.137.
Notice the lengthening of the subsequent vowel. —
An unsettled ya is to be found at J v. 424 (FausboU
remarks " for yassa " .'
; perhaps to be comb'' with
preceding pancapatika ; C.
nipatamatto) — abl. yasma
on
in
p. 427 expl''
adv. use ; yamha
ya-karo
392. — loc. yamhi Dh 261, 372, 393. — f.
Dh
loc. yassai)
A III. 151 (see below). See further adv. use of cases
(below II. 5). — At Pv in' yahi is doubtful (perhaps
imper. = yajahi, of yajati ; C. leaves it unexpl"").
Special mention must be made of the nt. n. ace. sg.
where both yag and yad are found. The (Vedic) form
yad (Ved. yat) has been felt more like ya -f expletive
(Sandhi-) d, and is principally found in adv. use and
certain archaic phrases, whereas yar) represents the
usual (Pali) form (like tad and tag). See more under
II. — A Magadhized form is ye (after se = tar)), found
at D 11.278 (see Geiger § 105* & no'. Cp. Trenckner,
Notes 75.). The expression ye-bhuyyena may belong
under this category, if we explain it as yad -I- bhuyyena
(bhuyyena equivalent to bhiyyoso). It would then
correspond to seyyathd ( = sadH-yatha, cp. sayatha,
—• sace, tagyatha). See refs. under yebhuyyena. The
expression yevapanaka is an adj. form" from the phrase
ye-va-pana (=yar) va pana " whatever else there is ").
i. e. belonging to something of the same kind, i. e.
corresponding, reciprocal, as far as concerned, respective.
(See s. v.) — In adv. use it often corresponds to
E. as; see e. g- yad-icchakar), yad-idag (under 11. 2 b;
11.4 b.).
II. Meaning : " which," in correspondence to a
following demonstr. pron. (ta'') ; whichever
(generaliz-
Y.
ing) ; nt. what, whatever. In immediate comb" with
the demonstr. pron. it is qualifying and specifying the
person, thing or subject in discussion or question (see
below 4).
1. Regular use as correl. pron., whfcn ya" (-t-noun) is
followed by ta° ( -I- noun). Sometimes (in poetry) the
reverse is the case, e. g. at It 84 where ta" (m. sa) is
elUptically omitted : atthar) na janati yarj lobho sahate
narar) " he does not know good, whom greed overcomes."
— Otherwise regular, e. g. : yassa jataruparajatag
kappati panca pi tassa kamaguria kappanti S iv.326.
In a generalizing sense (cp. below 11. 3): yo va so va
" der erste beste," some or other, v/hoever, any J iv.38 ;
v. 362 ; yar) va tar) va karotu let her do whatever she
yasmig va tasmig va on every occasion
likes VvA 208 ;
S 1. 160 na yo va so va yakkho not this or that yakkha
i. e. not any (ordinary) kind of Yakkha (but Inda)
DA 1.264. — The same use (ordinary correlative) applies
to the nt. forms yag & yad in correl. to tag and tad.
(See Sep. under II. 2.)
2. Use of nt. forms. — (a) nt. yag (a) as pronoun
5 III. 44 (yag dukkhag . . . tad
anatta) ; It 78 (yaii
54
(yag labbhati yan
VbhA c' afinag whatever else) ;
ca na labbhati tag sabbag pucchitva). See also under
3 a (yag kiiici, yag yag). — (b) as adj. adv. : yag-
mukha facing what, turned where (?) J v. 475 (but C.
reads & expl* sammukhal); yag-vipaka having what
or which kind of fruit D 11.209. yag va . . . yag va
whether ... or
neither . . . nor
S
S
11.
1 79 ; yag
11.179-180.
no . . . na tv'
yag with pot.:
eva
"so
that," that (corresp. to Lat. ut consecutivum) S ill. 4
(yag rupe anatt' anupassi vihareyya). J v. 339 (n' esa
dhammo yag tag jahe that I should leave you). — In
the function of other conjunctions e. g. as lemporal =
when, since, after: J iv.319 (yag mag Suruci-m-anayi
that, or since, S. married me). As conditional or causal
= if, even if, because: Vin 1.276 (yag te sakka . . .
arogag katug, tag karohi if it is possible . . . do it ; or
may be taken in sense of "in whatever way you can
do it, do"); J iii.206 = iv.4 (yag me sirasmig lihacca
cakkag bhamati matthake= because ; C: yena papena).
— (c) as adv. deictive " so," in comb" with var.
other (emphatic) particles as e. g. (yag nuna used in
an exhortative sense " well, now " ; or " rather, let me " ;
or " so now," always in phrase yag nun' clhag " now
then let me " (do this or that) very freq., either with
foil, pot., e. g. " y. n. Shag araiiilag paviseyyag "
DhA if.91. " y. n. a. katakammag puccheyyag "
VvA 132 ; dasseyyag VvA 138 ; pabbajjeyyag
M n.55 ;
aneyyag DhA 1.46, vihareyyag ibid. 56; etc. cp. J 1.14,
'5°. 255; III. ; 393 DhA 1.91 ; PvA 5 (avassayo bhaveyyag).
— Similarly yaii hi " well then, now then "
(with Pot.) S II. 210, 221 (tag vadeyya). Cp. yagghe.
yafl ca & yaii ce [Sk. yac ca, or cet. ca here — ce see ca.
6 cp. sace = sa-l-ce] (rather) than that: yaS ca Th 2,
80 : J 1.2 10 yaiice (with Pot.)S 1.176: It ; 43; Th i, 666.
sangame me matag scyyo yaii ce jive parajito (than
that I live vanquished) Sn 440 (cp. the intricate expl"at
SnA 390); similarly J iv.495 : me maranag seyyo
yaii ce jive taya vina. — (b) nt. yad : (a) as pron in
v;t-i