The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

Jhatta [pp. of jhapeti ; cp. flatta>*ja5payati] set on fire,
consumed, dried up (w. hunger or thirst : parched)
comb'' w. chata J n.83 ; vi.347.
Jhatva see jhapeti.
Ttaasik (?) a window or opening in general J 11.334.
Jliana^ (nt.) [from jhayati,' BSk. dhyana. The (popular
etym-) expl" of jhana is given by Bdhgh at Vism 150
as follows: " aramman' upanijjhanato paccanika-jhapanato
va jhanai)," i.e. called jh. froni meditation on
objects & from burning up anything adverse] Uterally
meditation. But it never means vaguely meditation.
It is the technical term for a special religious experience,
reached in a certain order of mental states. It was originally
divided into four such states. These may be sum-
marized :
I. The mystic, with his mind free from sensuous
and worldly ideas, concentrates his thoughts on some
special subject (for instance, the impermanence of all
things). This he thinks out~by attention to the facts, and
by reasoning. 2 . Then
uplifted above attention & reason -
ing, he experiences joy & ease both of body and mind.
3. Then the bhss passes away, & he becomes suffused
witn a sense of ease, and 4. he becomes aware of pure
lucidity of mind & equanimity of heart. The whole
really forms one series of mental states, & the stages
might have been fixed at other points in the series. So
the Dhamma-sarjgani makes a second list of five stages.
by calling, in the second jhana, the fading away of observation
one stage, & the giving up of sustained thinking
another stage (Dhs 167-175). And the Vibhagga
calls the first jhana the paficaggtka-jhana because it, by
itself, can be divided into five parts (Vbh 267). The
state of mind left after the experience of the four jhanas
is described as follows at D 1.76 : " with his heart thus
serene, made pure, translucent, cultured, void of evil,
supple, ready to act, firm and imperturbable." It will
be seen that there is no suggestion of trance, but rather
of an enhanced vitahty. In the descriptions of the
crises in the rehgious experiences of Christian saints
and mysrics, expressions similar to those used in the
jhanas are frequent (see F. Heiler Die Buddhistische
Versenhung. 1918). Laymen could pass through the four
jhanas (S iv.30i). The jhanas are only a means, not
the end. To imagine that experiencing them was
equivalent to Arahantship (and was therefore the end
aimed at) is condemned (D 1.37 fi.) as a deadly heresy.
In late PaU we find the phrase arupajjhana. This is
merely a new name for the last four of the eight Vimokkha,
which culminate in trance. It was because they
made this the aim of their teaching that Gotama rejected
the doctrines of his two teachers. Alara-Kalama &
Uddaka-Raraaputta (M 1.164 f.). — The jhanas are
discussed in extenso & in various combinations as
Jh.
regards theory & practice at : D 1.34 sq. ; 73 sq. ; S 11.
210 sq. ; IV.217 sq., 263 sq. ; v.213 sq. ; M 1.276 sq.,
350 sq., 454 sq. ; A 1.53, 163; 11.126; 111.394 sq.
IV.409 sq. ; v. 157 sq. ; Vin 111.4 ; Nd^ on Sn 1119& s.v.
Ps 1.97 sq. ; n.169 sq. ; Vbh 257 sq. ; 263 sq. ; 279 sq.
Vism 88, 415.—They are frequently mentioned either
as a set, or singly, when often the set is implied (as in
the case of the 4th jh.). Mentioned as jh. 1-4 e. g. at
Vinl.i04:ii.i6i (foil, by sotapanna, etc.) ; D n.156, 186;
111.78. 131, 222 : S n.278 (nikamalabhin) ; A 11.36 (id.) ;
111.354; S JV.299; v. 307 sq. , M
1.2 1. 41, 159,^03, 247,
398, 521 ; 11.15, 37 ; Sn 69, 156, 985 ; Dh 3^72 ; J 1.139 ;
VvA 38; PvA 163. — Separately: the ist: A iv.422 ;
V.135; M 1.24b, 294; Miln 289; }St-3rd: A 111.323;
M 1.18:; ist & 2nd: M 11.28; 4th: A 11.41; 111.325;
V.31 D ; 111.270 ; VvA 4. — See also Mrs. Rh. D. Buddli.
Psych. (Quest Series) p. 107 sq. ; Dhs. Irsl. p. 52 sq. ;
Index to Sagyutta N. for more refs. ; also Kasina.
-anuyutta applying oneself to meditation Sn 972 ;
-anga a constituent of meditation (with ref. to the 4
jhanas) Vism 190. -kila sporting in the exercise of
meditation J 111.45. -pasuta id. (-i-dhira) Sn 709;
Dh 181 (cp. DhA III. 226) ; -rata fond of meditation
S 1.53, 122 ; IV. 117; It 40 ; Sn 212, 503, 1009; Vv 50'*
; -vimokkha emancipation reached through
VvA 38
jhana A 111.417; v.34 ; -sahagata accompanied by jh.
(of pani\abala) A 1.42.
Jhana' (nt.) [from jhayati'] conflagration, fire D 111.94 '
J I 347-
Jhanika (adj.) [fr. jhana'] belonging to the {4) meditations
Vism III.
Jhapaka (adj.) one who sets fire to (cp. jh&peti), an incendiary
J III. 71.
Jhapana (nt.) setting fire to, consumption by fire, in
sarira°-kicca cremation VvA 76.
Jhapita [pp. jhapeti] set on fire Miln 47 ; Vism 76 (°kala
time of cremation).
Jhapeti [Cans, of jhayati'] i. to set fire to, to bum, to cook
1.255, 294; DhA 11.66; PvA 62..— 2. to
Vin IV. 265 ;
J
destroy, to bring to ruin, to kill (see Kefn, Toev., p. 37 sq.)
J III. 441 ( = dahati pileti) ; VvA 38 ( = jhayati', connected
w. jhana : to destroy by means of jhana) ; inf.
jhapetug J VI.3C0 ( -|- ghatetur) hantui)) ger. ; jhatvS
S 1. 19 (reads chetva, vv. II. ghatvS & jhatva)=J iv.67
(T. jhatva, v. 1. chetva; expl'' by kilametvi) ; S 1.41
(v. 1. for T. chetva, Bdhgh says " jhatva ti vadhitva ")
J 11.262 (-(- hantva vadhitva ; expH by kilametva)
VI. 299 ( -I- vadhitva) ; also jhatv&na J iv.57 ( = hantva).
— pp. jhatta & jhapita.
Jhama (adj.-n.) [jhayati^ burning, on fire, conflagration,
in °khetta charcoal-burner's field J 1.238 ; 11.92 ; °angara
a burning cinder PvA 90. By itself : J 1.405 ; DhA
11.67.
Jhamaka N. of a plant J vi.537 ; also in "bhatta (?)
J 11.288.
Jhayaka (adj.) one who makes a fire D 111.94.
Jhayati' {Sk. dbyayati, dhl ; with dhira, dhih from didheti
shine, perceive ; cp. Goth, filu-deisei cunning, & in
meaning cinteti> citta'] to meditate, contemplate,
think upon, brood over (c. ace.) : search for, hunt after
D 11.237 (jhanai)); S 1.25, 57; A v.323 sq. (-l-pa,° ni,°
ava°); Sn 165, 221, 425, 709, 818 ( = Ndi 149 pa°, ni".
ava°) ; Dh 27, 371, 395 ; J 1.67, 410 ; Vv 50'^; Pv iv.i6*;
Miln 66 ; SnA 320 (aOr. jhayiijsu thought of). — pp.
jhayita.
Jhayati- [Sk. ksayati to bum, kfSy & k?I, cp. khara &
charika] to bum, to be on fire : fig. to.be consumed, to
waste away, to dry up D 1.50 (=jaleti DA 1.151);
III. 94 (to make a fire); J 1.61, 62; Pv i.ii'" (jhayare
V. I. BB. for ghayire) ; Miln 47 ; PvA 33 (=pari^ayhati)
— aor. jhayi DhA 11.240 sq. — (fig.) Dh 155 ; J vi.189.
— Cans, jhapeti. — Cp. khiyati^.
Jhayana* (nt.) [der. fr. jhayati'] meditating, in "sila the
practice of meditation (cp. Sk. dhyanayoga) VvA 38.
Jhayana' (nt.) [fr, jhayati'] cremation, burning Pug A 187.
Jhayin (adj.) [see jhayati' & jhana] pondering over (c.
ace.) intent on : meditative, self-concentrated, engaged
in jhana-practice Vin 11.75 ; S 1.46 = 52 ; 11.284 ; M 1.334 '
A 1.24 ; III. 355 ; IV. 426 ; v. 156, 325 sq. ; Sn 85 (magga"),
638, 719, 1009, 1 105; It 71, 74, 112 ; J IV. ; 7 Dh 23,
110, 387 (reminding of jhayati', cp. DhA iv.144);
Nd' 264; Vv 5*; Pv iv.i32; Vbh 342. Nd' 226=
Nd* 3422 = Vism 26 (apadaka'').