The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

Kala 39 Kala
belongs to the sphere of black, is psychologically simple
( : dark specks against a light ground, cp. kamm&sa), and
is also shown by the second etymology of hSla^Sk.
S4ra. mottled, speckled =Lat. caerulus, black-blue and
perhaps caelum " the blue" (cp. heaven) = Gr. iiiprXof
the blue ice-bird. (On k>s cp. kanna > Sn.iga, kilamati
> iramati, kilissati > ilis°, etc.) The usual spelling
of kala as kala indicates a connection of the I with the
r of ^ara. — The definition of kala as jham' angSrasadisa
is conventional and is used both by Bdhgh. and
DhsA 317 and PvA 90.
DbpSla :
I. Ka]a, dark, black, etc., in enum" of colours
Vv 22' (see VvA III), na kSlo samaQO Gotamo, na
pi samo: manguracchavi samano G. "The ascetic
Gotamo is neither black nor brown : he is of a golden
skin " M 1.246 ; similarly as k^li vi sama v^ manguracchavi
v& of a kalycLpi, a beautiful woman at D 1.193 =
M. 11.40 ; kala-silma at Vin iv.120 is to be taken as
dark-grey. — Of the dark half of the month : see
"pakkba, or as the new moon : 3game kale " on the next
new moon day" Vin 1.176. — of Petas : Pv 11. 4' (kali
f.) ; PvA 56' (°rGpa) ; of the dog of Yama ("sunakha)
PvA 151. — In other conn": kalavatipa-bhumi darkbrown
(i. e. fertile) soil Vin 1.48 = 11.209.
-afljana black coUyrium Vim .203 ; -Anusarl black,
(polished ?) Anusari (" a kind of dark, fragrant sandal
wood" Vin. Texts 11.51) Vin 1.203; S iii.i56 = v.44 =
A v. 22 ; -ayasa black (dark) iron (to distinguish it from
bronze, Rh. D., Miln trsl. 11.364; cp. blacksmith >
silversmith) Miln 414, 415 ; -kafijaka a kind of Asuras,
Titans Dm. 7; J v. 187; PvA 2 72 ; -kannl" black-cared,"
as an unlucky quality. Cp. ni.6" ; J 1.239; iv.189;
V.134, 2" ' 'vl-347 DhA I 1.307 ; n.26 ; the vision of the
" black-eared " is a bad omen, which spoils the luck of
a hunter, e. g. at DhA 111.31 (referring here to the sight
of a bhikkhu) ; as " witch " PvA 272 ; DhA 111.38, 181 ;
as k-k. sakupa, a bird of ill omon J 11.153 ; -kannika =
prec. ; -kabara spotted, freckled J vi.540 ; -kesa (adj.)
with glossy or shiny hair, by itself (kaja-kesa) rare,
e. g. at J
VI. 578 ; usually in cpd. susukafa-kesa " having
an over-abundance of brilliant hair " said of Gotama.
This was afterwards applied figuratively in the description
of his parting from home, rising to a new life, as it
were, possessed of the full strength and vigour of his
manhood (as the rising Sun). Cp. the Shamash-Saga,
which attributes to the Sun a wealth of shiny, glossy
(=polished, dark) hair ( = rays), and kala in this connection
is to be interpreted just as kai^ha (q. v.) in
similar combinations (e. g. as Kirj^a Hr?ikpsa orKesavS).
On this feature of the Sun-god and various expressions
of it see ample material in Palmer, The Samson Saga
pp. 33-46. — The double application of su° does iiot
offer any difficulty, sukala is felt as a simplex in the
same way as cujrXoico^of or duh° in comb"* like sudubbala
PvA 149, suduUabha VvA 20. Bdhgh. already
interprets the cpd. in this way (DA 1.284 = suttbu-k'',
aAjana-vanna k° va hutva ; cp. kaph-aiijana J v. 155).
Cp. also siniddha-nila-mudu-kuficita-keso J 1.89, and
sukaQhakaQha J v.202 .— susukaiakesa of others than the
Buddha : M 11.66. Modern editors and lexicographers
see in susu° the Sk. iiiu young of an animal, cub, overlooking
the semantical difl5culty involved by taking it
as a separate word. This mistake has been applied to
the compound at all the passages where it is found, and
so we find the reading susu kSlakeso at M 1.82 = A 11.22
= J 11.57 ; M 1.163 =A 1.68 = 8 1.9, 117; also in Childer's
(relying on Bumouf), or even susfl k° at S iv.i 11 ; the
only passages showing the right reading susu-k° are
D I.I 15, M 1.463. Konow under susu J.P.T.S. 1909.
212 has both, -kokila the black (brown) cuckoo VvA
57; -jallika (kali° for kala") having black drops or
specks (of dirt) A 1.253 ; -danda a black staff, Sdhp 287
(attr. to the messengers of Yama, cp. Yama as having
a black stick at Sat. Br. xi. 6, i, 7 and 13) ; -pakkha the
dark side, i. e. moonless fortnight of the month A 11.18 ;
-° cStuddasi the t4th day of the dark fortnight PvA 55 ;
-° ratii a moonless night VvA 167; (opp. dosina r.)
-meyya a sort of bird J vi.539 ; -Icna black (dark) salt
Vin 1.202 (Bdhgh. pakati-lona, natural salt) ; -loha
" black metal," iron ore Miln 267 ; -valli a kind of
creeper Vism 36, 183. -siha a special kind of lion
J iv.2c8. -sutta a black thread or wire, a carpenter's
measuring line J 11.405 ; Miln 413 ; also N . of a Purgatory
(nivaya) J v.266. See Morris J.P.T.S. 1884, 76-78;
-hatthin " black elephant," an instrument of torture
in Avici Sdhp 195.
2. kala time. etc. (a) Morning : kale early Pv
11.9*' ( = pato PvA 128), kalassa in the morning (gen. of
time), early VvA 256. Cp. paccusa-kale at dawn
DhA 111.242. Opposed to evening or night in kajena
in the morning Pv 1.6' (opp. sayar)). K51e juphe by
day and by night Nd' 631. — (b) time in general : gacchante
gacchante kale in course of time DhA 1.319;
evar) gacchante kale as time went on PvA 54, 75, 127,
etc. —kalar) for a time Vin 1.176 (spelt kalai)) ; ka*ci
kalag some time yet VvA 288; ettakai) kaiag for a
long time PvA 102.—kaiena kala^ (i) from time to
time PvA 151; VvA 255, 276; — (2) continuously,
constantly A iv. 45; Pug 11 (+samayena samayar))
expl*" at DA 1.218 by kale kale in the
D 1.74 ( : but
sense of " every fortnight or every ten days "). kaje
in (all) time, always (cp. alii) Sn 73 (expl. in Nd* by
niccakale under sada ; but at SnA 128 by phasu-kalena
"in good time"); -kale kale from time to time, or
also cira°, sabba°. — (c) Time
repeatedly VvA 352 . See
in special, either (i) appointed time, date, fixed time,
or (2) suitable time, proper time, good time, opportunity.
Cp. Gr. Kaifiii and ipa ; or (3) time of death, death. —
(i) Mealtime: PvA 25 ; VvA 6 ; esp. in phrase Valo bho
Gotamo, nitthitai) bhattar) " it is time, Gotama, the
meal is ready " D 1.119 = 226; Sn p. in and in kalai)
;
aroceti or arocapeti he announces the time (for dinner)
173. -date :
D 1.109, 226; Snp. Ill ; PvA 22, 141 VvA ;
kalato from the date or day of . . ., e. g. dittha" patthaya
" from the day that she first saw her " VvA 20 6 ;
gihi° pattbaya " from the day of being a layman "
PvA 13. (2) proper time, right time : also season, as in
utu° favourable time (of the year) Vin 1299; 11.173;
kalai) janati " he knows the proper time " A rv.i 14 ; as
yassa kSlag
cattaro kaia, four opportunities A 11.140 ;
mafiiiasi for what you think it is time (to go), i. e.
goodbye D i.ic6, 189, etc. The 3 times of the cycle of
existence are given at Vism 578 as past, present, and
future. —kala° (adj.) in (due) time, timely Vism 229
("maraoa timely death). — Opp. akala (it is the) wrong
akala-carin going (begging)
time or inopportune D 1.205 ;
at the improper time Sn 386. akalamcgha a cloud
arising unexpectedly (at the wrong time) Miln 144.
—kale at the proper time, with vikale (opp.) Vin 1.199,
200; J 11.133; Sn 386. akale in the wrong season
VvA 288. kaiena in proper time, at the right moment
A 11.140; Sn 326, 387 (=yutta kaiena SnA 374);
Pv i.5» ( = thitakalena PvA 26) ; Pug 50 ; It 42 ; KhA
144 ( = khauena samayena). Cp. vikala. (3) The day.
as appointed by fate or kamma. point of time (for
death, cp. Vism 236), the "last hour," cp. ijnap, iUa
dies. So in the meaning of death appl" not only to thia
earthly existence, but to all others (peta°. deva°, etc.)
as well, in phrase kala)) karoti " he does his time = he
has fulfilled his time " Vin 111.80 ; Sn 343 DhA . 1.70 ;
and frequently elsewhere ; cp. -kata, -kiriya. — As death
in kalai) kankhati to await the appointed time S 1.187 ;
Sn 516 (cp. kankhati) and in der° kalika. — Other
examples for this use of kala see under bhatta°, yafilia",
vappa".
-antara interval, period :
kalantarena in a little while
PvA 13; na kalantare at once PvA 19; -kata (adj.)
;' dead Sn 586, 590 in comb" peta kalakata " the Petas
who have fulfilled their (earthly) time Sn 807 Pv 1.5'
;
i.i2>. Also as kalankata Pv 11. 7*; Vv 8c'; Vism 296.