The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary - Tuninst.net

A' (iodecl.) [Vedic a, prep, with ace, loc, abl., meauing
'to, towards", & also 'from". Grig, an emphatic-deictic
A°
part. (Idg. »e) = Gr. ? surely, really; Ohg. -a etc., increment
of a (Idg. *e), as in Sk. a-sau ; Gr. ixi7 (cp. a'),
see Brugmann, A^Mrzc l^erg/. Gr. 464, 465] a frequent
prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with root-
derivations), but not as modification (i. e. first part of a
double prefix cpd. like sam-a-dhi) except in
a-ni-sai)sa (which is doubtful & of diff. origin,
one
viz.
case
from
comb". asar)sa-nisai)sa, see below 3b). It denotes either
/oiu/i (contact) or a personal (close) relation to the object
(a ti anussaran' atthe nipato PvA 165), or the aim
of the action expressed in the verb. — (l.) As/ri'/. c. abl.
only in J in
(a sahassehi
meaning "up to,
=: yijva s. C),
until, about, near" J vi.192
prob. a late development.
As pit/, in meaning 'forth, out, to, towards, at, on" in
foil, applications : — (a) aim in general or iouc/i in particular
(lit.), e. g. akaddhati pull to, along or up ; °kasa
shining forth; °koteti knock ar, "gacchati go towards;
°camati rin?e over; "neti bring towards, aif-dace; "bha
shining forth; "bhujati bend in; °masati touch at; °yata
stretched out; "rabhati aC-tempt; °rohana a-scending; °laya
hanging on; °loketi look at; "vattati ad-vert; °vahati
bring to; "vasa dwelling at; °sadeti touch; "sidati sit by;
"hanati strike at. — (b) in reflexive function: close rela-
tion to subject or person actively concerned, e. g. adati
take on or up (to oneself); °dasa looking at, mirror;
°dhara support; "nandati rejoice; "nisarjsa sul>jective gain;
°badha being affected; "modita pleased; °rakkha guarding;
°radhita satisfied; °rama (personal) delight in; "lingati
embrace (to oneself); °hara taking to (oneself). — (c) in
transitive function : close relation to the object passively
concerned, e.g. aghalana killing; °carati indulge in; °cikkhati
point ont, explain; °jiva living on; "napeti give an
order to somebody ; "disati point out to some one ; °bhindati
cut; °manteti ad-dress; "yacati pray to; "roceti speak
to; sincati besprinkle; "sevati indulge in. — (d) out of
meaning (a) develops that of an intensive-frequentative
prefix in sense of "all-round, completely, very much",
e.g. akinna strewn all over; "kula mixed up; °dhuta
moved about; "rava shouting out or very much; "lulati
move about ; "hindati roam about. — 2. Affinities. Closely
related in meaning and often interchanging are the foil.
prep, (prefixes): anu ("bhati), abhi ("saqsati), pa ("lapati),
pati ("kankhati) in meaning I a— c; and vi (°kirali,
°ghata, °cameti, °lepa, "lopa), sam (°tapati, °dassati) in
meaning i d. See also 3''. — 3. Combinations: (a) Intensifying
combns. of other modifying prefixes with a as base:
anu -f a (anva-gacchati, "disati, "maddali, °rohati, °visati,
"sanna, "hata), pati -J- a (pacca-janati, "ttharati, °dati, °sa-
vali), pari + a (pariya-uata. °dati, °pajjati, °harati), sam -(-
(sama-disati, "dana, "dhi, °pajjali, "rabhati). — (b) Con-
trast-combns- with other pref. in a double cpd. of noun, adj.
or verb (cp. above 2) in meaning of "up & down, in & out,
to & fro"; a -f- D'. avedhika-nibbedhika, asaqsa-nisarjsa
(contracted to anisar|sa), aisevita-nisevita; a-(-pa: assasati-
passasati (where both terms are semantically alike; in
exegesis however they have been differentiated in a way
which looks like a distortion of the original meaning,
viz. assasali is taken as 'breathing ouf\ passasati as
"breathing ;»" : see Vism 271), assasa-passasa, amodilapamodita,
ahuna-pahuna, ahuneyya-pahuneyya ; a + pacca:
akotita-paccakotita; a -)- pari: akaddhana-parikaddhana,
asankita-parisankita; a -|-vi: alokila-vilokita, avaha-vivaha,
avethana-vinivethana; a -(-Sam: allapa-sallapa: a -(- sama:
acinna-samaciniia. — 4. Before double consonants a is
shortened to a and words containing a in this form are
to be found under a°, e. g. akkamaija, akkhilta, acchadeti,
anfiata, appoteti, allapa, assada.
* guna or increment of a" in connection with such suffixes
as -ya, -iya, -itta. So in ayasakya fr. ayasaka; aruppa
from arupa; arogya fr, aroga; alasiya fr. alasa; adhipacca
fr. adhipati; Sbhidosika fr. abbidosa etc.
93
Akara
A°' of various other origins (guna e. g. of r or lengthening
of ordinary root a°), rare, as alinda (for alinda), asabha
(fr. usabha).
A° * infix in repetition-cpds. denoting accumulation or vaiiety
(by contrast with the opposite, cp. a' 31)), constitutes a
guna- or increment-form of neg. pref. a (see a'), as in
foil.: phaUphala all sorts of fruit (lit. what is fruit &
not fruit) freq. in Jatakas, e.g. 1. 416; II. 160; 111.127;
IV. 220, 307, 449; V.313; VI. 520; karanakaranani all
sorts of duties J VI. 333; DhA 1.385: khandakbanda
pele-mele J I 114; 111.256; gandaganda a mass of boils
DhA 111.297; ciracirai) continually Vin iv.261 ; bhavabbava
all kinds of existences Su 801, cp. Nd' 109; Nd'^
664; Th I, 784 (°esu := mahant-amahantesu bh. C, see
Brethren 305); ruparupa the whole aggregate ThA 285 ; etc.
Akankhatl [a -f kank$, cp. kankhati] to wish for, think
of, desire; intend, plan, design Vin 11.244 (°amana); D
1.78, 176; S 1.46; Sn 569 (°amana); Sn p. 102 (= icchali
SnA 436); DhA 1.29; SnA 229; VvA 149; PvA 229.
Akankha f. [fr. a -|- kank$] longing, wish ; as adj. at Th
I, 1030.
Aka(J4hatl [a -|- kaddhati] to pull along, pull to (oneself),
drag or draw out, pull up Vin 11.325 (Bdhgh. for apa-
kassati, see under apakasati) ; iv.219; 1. J 172, 192, 417;
Miln 102, 135; ThA 117 (°eti); VvA 226; PvA 68. —
Pass, akaddhiyati 11. J 122 ("amana-locana with eyes drawn
away or attracted); Miln 102; Vism 163; VvA 207
("aniana-hadaya with torn heart). — pp. akaddbita.
Aka(j(jlhana (nt.) [fr. akaddhati] drawing away or to, pulling
out, distraction VvA 212 (°parikaddhana pulling about);
DhsA 363; Miln 154 (°parikaddhana), 352. — As f.
Vin III. 121.
Aka(j(jhita [pp. of akaddheti] pulled out, dragged along;
upset, overthrown J 111.256 (=: akkhitta^).
Akantana(0 a possible reading, for the durakantana of
the text at Th l, 1123, for which we might read durakantana.
Akappa [cp. Sk. Skalpa a -|- kappa] I. attire, appearance,
Vin 1.44 (an°) = 11.213; J 1. 505. — 2. deportment Dhs
713 (a° gamanadi-akaro DhsA 321).
-sampanna, suitably attired, well dressed, A 111.78; J
IV. 542; an° sampanna, ill dressed, J 1.420.
Akamplta [pp. of akampeti, Caus. of a -(- kamp] shaking,
trembling Miln 154 (°hadaya).
Akara [cp. Sk. akara] a mine, usually in cpd. ratan-akara
a mine of jewels Th i, 1049; J 11. 414; vi. 459; Dpvs
1. 18. — Cp. also Miln 356; VvA 13.
Akassatl [a -f- kassati] to draw along, draw after, plough,
cultivate Nd' 428.
Akara [a-fkaroli, kf] "the (way of) making", i.e. (i)
state, condition J 1.237 (avasan° condition of inhabita-
bilily); II. 154 (patan° state of falling, labile equilibrium),
cp. pann°. — (2) properly, quality, attribute D 1.76 (ana-
vila sabb°-sampanna endowed with all good qualities, of
a jewel); 11. 157 (°varupela); J 11.352 (sabb" paripunna
altogether perfect in qualities). — (3) sign, appearance,
form, D 1.17s; J '-266 (chaiak" sign of hunger); Miln
24 (°ena by the sign of..); VvA 27 (therassa a. form
of the Th.); PvA 90, 283 (ranSo a. the king's person);
Sdhp 363. — (4) way, mode, manner, sa-akara in all
their modes D 1. 13 = 82 = III. in ; J 1.266 (agaman° the
mode of his coming). Esp. in instr. sg. & pi. with num.
or pron. (in this way, io two ways etc.): chah'akSrehi in
a sixfold manner Nd' 680 (cp. kSra^ehi in same sense);
Nett 73, 74 (dvadasah'Skarehi); Vism 613 (navah'akSrehi
II—