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Grade 11 Healthy Active Living Education Additional Supports ...

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Coping Mechanisms<br />

The following are defense mechanisms from psychoanalytic theory that are maladaptive<br />

in nature versus coping strategies that are adaptive in nature.<br />

1. Compensation<br />

When one exaggerates a desirable trait to reduce the feeling of inferiority<br />

caused by an undesirable trait.<br />

2. Rationalization<br />

When one explains oneÕs undesirable or foolish behaviour or failures by<br />

giving a reasonably but untrue explanation for it.<br />

Examples:<br />

• Òsour grapesÓ Ð a person unable to obtain what he/she wants maintains<br />

that he/she did not want it anyway<br />

• Òsweet lemonsÓ- instead of trying to convince ourselves and others that<br />

we did not actually want the thing we were after, we talk ourselves into<br />

believing that our present situation really is best for us.<br />

3. Projection<br />

When one places the blame elsewhere.<br />

4. Identification<br />

When one imitates the behaviour and mannerisms of someone else.<br />

5. Regression<br />

When one recalls pleasant experiences making the past appear much more<br />

attractive than it actually was or when oneÕs behaviour regresses to an<br />

earlier stage of development.<br />

6. Repression<br />

When wishes, thoughts, and experiences associated with unpleasantness<br />

are excluded subconsciously from awareness.<br />

7. Suppression<br />

When one dismisses a thought or unpleasant experience.<br />

8. Fantasy and Daydreaming<br />

When one escapes from difficulties of real life with preoccupying<br />

thoughts.<br />

9. Withdrawal<br />

When a person persistently retreats from a situation in which he/she is<br />

experiencing difficulty.<br />

10. Displacement<br />

When one redirects emotion toward a subordinate person or thing.<br />

<strong>Grade</strong> <strong>11</strong> <strong>Healthy</strong> <strong>Active</strong> <strong>Living</strong> <strong>Education</strong> (PPL30), Module #2 Positive Mental Health and Stress<br />

Page 16

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