CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide - FTP Server

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28 Chapter 1 � Internetworking in the data field of the header, so we know what the upper-layer protocol is.) Here is the frame: Flags: 0x80 802.3 Status: 0x02 Truncated Packet Length:64 Slice Length: 51 Timestamp: 12:42:00.592000 03/26/1998 Destination: ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Ethernet Broadcast Source: 00:80:c7:a8:f0:3d LLC Length: 37 Dest. SAP: 0xe0 NetWare Source SAP: 0xe0 NetWare Individual LLC Sublayer Management Function Command: 0x03 Unnumbered Information SNAP Frame The SNAP frame has its own protocol field to identify the upper-layer protocol. This is really a way to allow an Ethernet_II frame to be used in an 802.3 frame. Even though the following network trace shows a protocol field, it is really an Ethernet_II type (ether-type) field. Flags: 0x80 802.3 Status: 0x00 Packet Length:78 Timestamp: 09:32:48.264000 01/04/2000 802.3 Header Destination: 09:00:07:FF:FF:FF AT Ph 2 Broadcast Source: 00:00:86:10:C1:6F LLC Length: 60 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC) Header Dest. SAP: 0xAA SNAP Source SAP: 0xAA SNAP Command: 0x03 Unnumbered Information Protocol: 0x080007809B AppleTalk
Ethernet Networking 29 You can identify a SNAP frame because the DSAP and SSAP fields are always AA, and the command field is always 3. The reason this frame type was created is because not all protocols worked well with the 802.3 Ethernet frame, which didn’t have an ether-type field. To allow the proprietary protocols created by application developers to be used in the LLC frame, the IEEE defined the SNAP format. It is not used that often and is mostly seen only with AppleTalk and proprietary frames. Cisco uses a SNAP frame with their proprietary protocol Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), which is covered in Chapter 7. Ethernet at the Physical Layer In a shared-hub Ethernet environment, if one station sends a frame, then all devices must synchronize to the digital signal being transmitted and extract the frame from the wire. All devices that use the same physical media and listen to each frame are considered to be in the same collision domain. This means that only one device can transmit at any given time, and any other device on the network segment must synchronize with the signal and extract the frame. If two stations try to transmit at the same time, a collision will occur. In 1984, the IEEE Ethernet committee released the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect (CSMA/CD) protocol. This basically tells all stations to constantly listen for any other device trying to transmit at the same time they are and to stop and wait for a predetermined time if they do sense a collision. Ethernet uses a bus topology, which means that whenever a device transmits, the signal must run from one end of the segment to the other. Ethernet also defined baseband technology, which means that when a station does transmit, it will use the entire bandwidth on the wire and will not share it. Here are the original IEEE 802.3 standards: 10Base2 10Mbps, baseband technology, up to 185 meters in length. Known as thinnet and can support up to 30 workstations on a single segment. 10Base5 10Mbps, baseband technology, up to 500 meters in length. Known as thicknet. 10BaseT 10Mbps using category-3 twisted-pair wiring. Unlike the 10Base2 and 10Base5 networks, each device must connect into a hub or switch, and you can only have one host per segment or wire.
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CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associ
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Associate Publisher: Neil Edde Cont
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This book is dedicated to all the C
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Introduction Welcome to the excitin
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Introduction xxv installing, managi
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Introduction xxvii but you still ha
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Introduction xxix To meet the CCNP
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Introduction xxxi through!) Also, b
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CCDPs must also demonstrate profici
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Introduction xxxv answering the rev
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Page 25 and 26: Assessment Questions Assessment Que
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Page 39 and 40: Answers to the Assessment Questions
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 1 Internetworking THE CCNA
Page 47 and 48: Internetworking Models Internetwork
Page 49 and 50: The OSI Reference Model FIGURE 1.1
Page 51 and 52: FIGURE 1.3 Layer functions The OSI
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Page 55 and 56: The OSI Reference Model 11 Connecti
Page 57 and 58: The OSI Reference Model 13 answer t
Page 59 and 60: The OSI Reference Model 15 before s
Page 61 and 62: The OSI Reference Model 17 The rout
Page 63 and 64: The OSI Reference Model 19 For a ho
Page 65 and 66: Ethernet Networking 21 The Physical
Page 67 and 68: Ethernet Networking 23 Ethernet is
Page 69 and 70: FIGURE 1.11 802.3 and Ethernet fram
Page 71: 802.2 and SNAP FIGURE 1.12 802.2 an
Page 75 and 76: FIGURE 1.13 Data encapsulation Data
Page 77 and 78: The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical
Page 79 and 80: The Core Layer The Cisco Three-Laye
Page 81 and 82: Assembling and Cabling Cisco Device
Page 89 and 90: 6-3 7-2 8-1 Selecting Cisco Product
Page 91 and 92: FIGURE 1.20 Cisco hub products Cisc
Page 93 and 94: Cisco Switches Selecting Cisco Prod
Page 95 and 96: Summary Key Terms Summary 51 This c
Page 97 and 98: Written Labs In this section, you w
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Page 113 and 114: Chapter 2 Switching Technologies TH
Page 115 and 116: Layer-2 Switching 73 switches are f
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Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 81 802
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Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 83 If
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FIGURE 2.6 Different switching mode
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Key Terms Summary 87 Before taking
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Review Questions 1. Which LAN switc
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Review Questions 91 8. What are the
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15. What is the default LAN switch
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96 Chapter 2 � Switching Technolo
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98 Chapter 2 � Switching Technolo
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The Transmission Control Protocol/I
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102 Chapter 3 � Internet Protocol
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Answers to the Written Lab 167 8. S
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Answers to Review Questions 169 12.
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In this chapter, you will be introd
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174 Chapter 4 � Configuration and
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Routing This chapter will discuss t
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238 Chapter 5 � IP Routing In our
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240 Chapter 5 � IP Routing router
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242 Chapter 5 � IP Routing Figure
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256 Chapter 5 � IP Routing exampl
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266 Chapter 5 � IP Routing It is
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272 Chapter 5 � IP Routing 2501B
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296 Chapter 5 � IP Routing Answer
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298 Chapter 5 � IP Routing 13. C.
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Virtual LANs A Virtual Local Area N
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302 Chapter 6 � Virtual LANs (VLA
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Answers to Review Questions Answers
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Chapter 7 Managing a Cisco Internet
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The Internal Components of a Cisco
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Managing Configuration Registers 32
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Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco
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Using Cisco Discovery Protocol 345
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Using Telnet Using Telnet 351 Encap
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Using Telnet 353 Remember that the
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Checking Telnet Connections Using T
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Resolving Hostnames 357 This output
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Resolving Hostnames 359 To verify t
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Resolving Hostnames 361 it doesn’
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apollo Apollo echo appletalk Applet
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Key Terms Summary 365 Next, you lea
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Command Description Summary 367 no
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Written Lab Write in the answers to
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Hands-on Labs 371 flash tftp. This
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Lab 7.5: Using Telnet Hands-on Labs
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Hands-on Labs 375 4. Test your host
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Review Questions 377 5. Which memor
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13. What does the command cdp timer
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382 Chapter 7 � Managing a Cisco
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384 Chapter 7 � Managing a Cisco
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Most network administrators have, a
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388 Chapter 8 � Configuring Novel
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Answer to Review Questions Answer t
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Chapter 9 Managing Traffic with Acc
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Access Lists 441 interface. Applyin
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Access Lists 443 IP extended acces
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Access Lists 445 Now, that was the
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Access Lists 447 On the Acme router
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Access Lists 449 Once you choose th
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discard Discard (9) domain Domain N
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IPX Access Lists 453 LAN. However,
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IPX Access Lists 455 The access lis
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Router(config)#access-list 1010 per
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Key Terms Summary 459 � How to co
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Written Lab In this section, write
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Hands-on Labs 463 3. Choose an acce
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Hands-on Labs 465 5. Add the source
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Hands-on Labs 467 3. Configure an a
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Review Questions 469 4. Which of th
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Review Questions 471 10. Which of t
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Review Questions 473 18. Which acce
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Answers to Review Questions Answers
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Chapter 10 Wide Area Networking Pro
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Wide Area Networks 479 Demarcation
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High-Level Data-Link Control Protoc
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Point
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 485 A
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 487 I
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Frame Relay 489 Frame Relay provide
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Frame Relay 491 7. The CO receives
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Local Management Interface (LMI) Fr
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Frame Relay 495 out the same interf
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appletalk protocol eigrp no appleta
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Here’s an example using the Frame
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Frame Relay 501 really might need.
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Frame Relay 503 To see information
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Integrated Services Digital Network
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FIGURE 10.7 ISDN BRI reference poin
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Integrated Services Digital Network
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Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 511 Th
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Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 513 Th
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Optional Commands Dial-on-Demand Ro
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Summary Sho ip route Shows all rout
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Commands in This Chapter Command De
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Command Description Summary 521 sho
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Written Lab 523 13. Write the comma
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Hands-on Labs 525 3. To change the
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Hands-on Labs 527 In my seminars I
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FIGURE 10.10 ISDN lab E0 172.16.30.
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8. Configure the dialer information
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Review Questions 533 5. Regarding F
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13. Which command will list all con
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(The answers to the questions begin
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11. Config t Int bri0 Dialer string
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Answers to Review Questions 541 14.
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544 Appendix A � Practice Exam Qu
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546 Appendix A � Practice Exam 8.
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548 Appendix A � Practice Exam 18
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560 Appendix A � Practice Exam An
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The CCNA courseware for the new CCN
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570 Appendix B � Configuring the
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634 Appendix C � Commands in This
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650 Glossary A&B bit signaling Used
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652 Glossary address learning Used
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654 Glossary anycast An ATM address
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656 Glossary ATM Asynchronous Trans
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658 Glossary auxiliary port The con
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660 Glossary bridge A device for co
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662 Glossary CBR Constant Bit Rate:
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664 Glossary circuit switching Used
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666 Glossary configuration register
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668 Glossary crankback In ATM, a co
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670 Glossary DDP Datagram Delivery
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672 Glossary DSR Data Set Ready: Wh
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674 Glossary ELAN Emulated LAN: An
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676 Glossary failure domain The reg
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678 Glossary FragmentFree LAN switc
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680 Glossary helper address The uni
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682 Glossary IGP Interior Gateway P
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684 Glossary IP multicast A techniq
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686 Glossary learning bridge A brid
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688 Glossary MAC Media Access Contr
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690 Glossary MLP Multilink PPP: A t
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692 Glossary NetBEUI NetBIOS Extend
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694 Glossary NT1 network terminatio
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696 Glossary packet switch A physic
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698 Glossary poison reverse updates
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700 Glossary PVP tunneling permanen
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702 Glossary route poisoning Used b
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704 Glossary server Hardware and so
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706 Glossary span A full-duplex dig
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708 Glossary SR/TLB source-route tr
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710 Glossary subinterface One of ma
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712 Glossary TE terminal equipment:
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714 Glossary TRIP Token Ring Interf
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716 Glossary WAN wide area network:
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