CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide - FTP Server

660 Glossary
bridge A device for connecting two segments of a network and transmitting
packets between them. Both segments must use identical protocols to
communicate. Bridges function at the Data Link layer, Layer 2 of the OSI
reference model. The purpose of a bridge is to filter, send, or flood any
incoming frame, based on the MAC address of that particular frame.
broadband A transmission methodology for multiplexing several independent
signals onto one cable. In telecommunications, broadband is classified
as any channel with bandwidth greater than 4kHz (typical voice grade).
In LAN terminology, it is classified as a coaxial cable on which analog signaling
is employed. Also known as wideband. Contrast with: baseband.
broadcast A data frame or packet that is transmitted to every node on the
local network segment (as defined by the broadcast domain). Broadcasts are
known by their broadcast address, which is a destination network and host
address with all the bits turned on. Also called “local broadcast.” Compare
with: directed broadcast.
broadcast domain A group of devices receiving broadcast frames initiating
from any device within the group. Because they do not forward broadcast
frames, broadcast domains are generally surrounded by routers.
broadcast storm An undesired event on the network caused by the simultaneous
transmission of any number of broadcasts across the network segment.
Such an occurrence can overwhelm network bandwidth, resulting in
time-outs.
buffer A storage area dedicated to handling data while in transit. Buffers
are used to receive/store sporadic deliveries of data bursts, usually received
from faster devices, compensating for the variations in processing speed.
Incoming information is stored until everything is received prior to sending
data on. Also known as an information buffer.
bus topology A linear LAN architecture in which transmissions from various
stations on the network are reproduced over the length of the medium
and are accepted by all other stations. Compare with: ring and star.
bus Any physical path, typically wires or copper, through which a digital
signal can be used to send data from one part of a computer to another.