CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide - FTP Server

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The IP Routing Process 241 The frame generated from the router’s Ethernet 1 interface has the source hardware address of the Ethernet 1 interface and the hardware destination address of Host B’s network interface card. However, the most important thing here is that even though the frame’s source and destination hardware address changed at every interface of the router it was sent to and from, the IP source and destination addresses never changed. The packet was never modified at all; only the frame changed. 13. Host B receives the frame and runs a CRC. If that checks out, it discards the frame and hands the packet to IP. IP will then check the destination IP address. Since the IP destination address matches the IP configuration of Host B, it looks in the protocol field of the packet to determine what the purpose of the packet is. 14. Since the packet is an ICMP echo request, Host B generates a new ICMP echo-reply packet with a source IP address of Host B and a destination IP address of Host A. The process starts all over again, except that it goes in the opposite direction. However, the hardware address of each device along the path is already known, so each device only needs to look in its ARP cache to determine the hardware address of each interface. If you had a much larger network, the process would be the same, with the packet simply going through more hops before it finds the destination host. IP Routing in a Larger Network In the example given in the previous section, the routing table of the router already has both IP networks in the routing table because the network is directly connected to the router. But what if we add three more routers? Figure 5.4 shows four routers, 2500A, 2500B, 2500C, and 2621A. These routers, by default, only know about their directly connected networks. FIGURE 5.4 IP routing example 2 with more routers 2621A F0/0 E0 2501A S0 S0 E0 2501B S1 S0 E0 2501C
242 Chapter 5 � IP Routing Figure 5.4 shows the three 2500 routers connected via a WAN and the 2621 router connected via the Ethernet network off 2500A. Each router also has an Ethernet network connected. The first step is to configure each router with the correct configuration. Table 5.1 shows the IP address scheme I used to configure the network. After we go over how the network is configured, I will discuss how to configure IP routing. Each network in the following table has a 24-bit subnet mask (255.255.255.0). TABLE 5.1 Network Addressing for the IP Network Router Network Address Interface Address 2621A 172.16.10.0 f0/0 172.16.10.1 2501A 172.16.10.0 e0 172.16.10.2 2501A 172.16.20.0 s0 172.16.20.1 2501B 172.16.20.0 s0 172.16.20.2 2501B 172.16.40.0 s1 172.16.40.1 2501B 172.16.30.0 e0 172.16.30.1 2501C 172.16.40.0 s0 172.16.40.2 2501C 172.16.50.0 e0 172.16.50.1 Router configuration is a fairly simple process, since you just need to add IP addresses to your interfaces and then perform a no shutdown on the interfaces. It will get a tad bit more complex in the next section, but first, let’s configure the IP addresses in the network. 2621A Configuration To configure the 2621 router, you just need to add an IP address to interface FastEthernet 0/0. Configuring the hostnames of each router will make identification easier. Here is how I did that: Router> en Router#config t
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CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associ
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Associate Publisher: Neil Edde Cont
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This book is dedicated to all the C
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Introduction Welcome to the excitin
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Introduction xxv installing, managi
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Introduction xxvii but you still ha
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Introduction xxix To meet the CCNP
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Introduction xxxi through!) Also, b
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CCDPs must also demonstrate profici
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Introduction xxxv answering the rev
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Introduction xxxvii don’t need to
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Introduction xxxix questions and un
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Assessment Questions Assessment Que
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Assessment Questions xliii 9. Which
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Assessment Questions xlv 17. What i
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Assessment Questions xlvii 23. Whic
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Assessment Questions xlix 31. What
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Assessment Questions li 39. What ar
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Assessment Questions liii 47. Which
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Answers to the Assessment Questions
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Chapter 1 Internetworking THE CCNA
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Internetworking Models Internetwork
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The OSI Reference Model FIGURE 1.1
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FIGURE 1.3 Layer functions The OSI
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The OSI Reference Model 9 JPEG The
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The OSI Reference Model 11 Connecti
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The OSI Reference Model 13 answer t
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The OSI Reference Model 15 before s
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The OSI Reference Model 17 The rout
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The OSI Reference Model 19 For a ho
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Ethernet Networking 21 The Physical
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Ethernet Networking 23 Ethernet is
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FIGURE 1.11 802.3 and Ethernet fram
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802.2 and SNAP FIGURE 1.12 802.2 an
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Ethernet Networking 29 You can iden
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FIGURE 1.13 Data encapsulation Data
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The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical
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The Core Layer The Cisco Three-Laye
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Assembling and Cabling Cisco Device
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6-3 7-2 8-1 Selecting Cisco Product
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FIGURE 1.20 Cisco hub products Cisc
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Cisco Switches Selecting Cisco Prod
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Summary Key Terms Summary 51 This c
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Written Labs In this section, you w
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Lab 1.2: Defining the OSI Layers an
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Review Questions Review Questions 5
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8. How is a crossover cabled? Revie
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Review Questions 61 15. Routers can
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64 Chapter 1 � Internetworking An
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Chapter 2 Switching Technologies TH
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Layer-2 Switching 73 switches are f
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Layer-2 Switching 75 switch now has
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Loop Avoidance FIGURE 2.2 Broadcast
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Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Spanni
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Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 81 802
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Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 83 If
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FIGURE 2.6 Different switching mode
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Key Terms Summary 87 Before taking
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Review Questions 1. Which LAN switc
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Review Questions 91 8. What are the
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15. What is the default LAN switch
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96 Chapter 2 � Switching Technolo
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98 Chapter 2 � Switching Technolo
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The Transmission Control Protocol/I
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102 Chapter 3 � Internet Protocol
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Answers to the Written Lab 167 8. S
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Answers to Review Questions 169 12.
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In this chapter, you will be introd
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174 Chapter 4 � Configuration and
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292 Chapter 5 � IP Routing 5. Wha
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294 Chapter 5 � IP Routing 13. Wh
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296 Chapter 5 � IP Routing Answer
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298 Chapter 5 � IP Routing 13. C.
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Virtual LANs A Virtual Local Area N
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302 Chapter 6 � Virtual LANs (VLA
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Answers to Review Questions Answers
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Chapter 7 Managing a Cisco Internet
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The Internal Components of a Cisco
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Managing Configuration Registers 32
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Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco
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Using Cisco Discovery Protocol 345
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Using Telnet Using Telnet 351 Encap
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Using Telnet 353 Remember that the
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Checking Telnet Connections Using T
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Resolving Hostnames 357 This output
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Resolving Hostnames 359 To verify t
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Resolving Hostnames 361 it doesn’
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apollo Apollo echo appletalk Applet
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Key Terms Summary 365 Next, you lea
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Command Description Summary 367 no
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Written Lab Write in the answers to
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Hands-on Labs 371 flash tftp. This
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Lab 7.5: Using Telnet Hands-on Labs
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Hands-on Labs 375 4. Test your host
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Review Questions 377 5. Which memor
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13. What does the command cdp timer
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382 Chapter 7 � Managing a Cisco
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384 Chapter 7 � Managing a Cisco
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Most network administrators have, a
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388 Chapter 8 � Configuring Novel
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Answer to Review Questions Answer t
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Chapter 9 Managing Traffic with Acc
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Access Lists 441 interface. Applyin
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Access Lists 443 IP extended acces
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Access Lists 445 Now, that was the
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Access Lists 447 On the Acme router
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Access Lists 449 Once you choose th
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discard Discard (9) domain Domain N
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IPX Access Lists 453 LAN. However,
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IPX Access Lists 455 The access lis
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Router(config)#access-list 1010 per
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Key Terms Summary 459 � How to co
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Written Lab In this section, write
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Hands-on Labs 463 3. Choose an acce
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Hands-on Labs 465 5. Add the source
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Hands-on Labs 467 3. Configure an a
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Review Questions 469 4. Which of th
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Review Questions 471 10. Which of t
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Review Questions 473 18. Which acce
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Answers to Review Questions Answers
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Chapter 10 Wide Area Networking Pro
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Wide Area Networks 479 Demarcation
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High-Level Data-Link Control Protoc
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Point
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 485 A
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Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 487 I
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Frame Relay 489 Frame Relay provide
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Frame Relay 491 7. The CO receives
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Local Management Interface (LMI) Fr
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Frame Relay 495 out the same interf
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appletalk protocol eigrp no appleta
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Here’s an example using the Frame
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Frame Relay 501 really might need.
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Frame Relay 503 To see information
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Integrated Services Digital Network
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FIGURE 10.7 ISDN BRI reference poin
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Integrated Services Digital Network
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Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 511 Th
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Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 513 Th
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Optional Commands Dial-on-Demand Ro
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Summary Sho ip route Shows all rout
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Commands in This Chapter Command De
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Command Description Summary 521 sho
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Written Lab 523 13. Write the comma
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Hands-on Labs 525 3. To change the
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Hands-on Labs 527 In my seminars I
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FIGURE 10.10 ISDN lab E0 172.16.30.
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8. Configure the dialer information
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Review Questions 533 5. Regarding F
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13. Which command will list all con
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(The answers to the questions begin
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11. Config t Int bri0 Dialer string
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Answers to Review Questions 541 14.
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544 Appendix A � Practice Exam Qu
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546 Appendix A � Practice Exam 8.
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548 Appendix A � Practice Exam 18
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560 Appendix A � Practice Exam An
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The CCNA courseware for the new CCN
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570 Appendix B � Configuring the
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634 Appendix C � Commands in This
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650 Glossary A&B bit signaling Used
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652 Glossary address learning Used
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654 Glossary anycast An ATM address
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656 Glossary ATM Asynchronous Trans
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658 Glossary auxiliary port The con
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660 Glossary bridge A device for co
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662 Glossary CBR Constant Bit Rate:
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664 Glossary circuit switching Used
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666 Glossary configuration register
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668 Glossary crankback In ATM, a co
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670 Glossary DDP Datagram Delivery
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672 Glossary DSR Data Set Ready: Wh
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674 Glossary ELAN Emulated LAN: An
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676 Glossary failure domain The reg
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678 Glossary FragmentFree LAN switc
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680 Glossary helper address The uni
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682 Glossary IGP Interior Gateway P
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684 Glossary IP multicast A techniq
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686 Glossary learning bridge A brid
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688 Glossary MAC Media Access Contr
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690 Glossary MLP Multilink PPP: A t
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692 Glossary NetBEUI NetBIOS Extend
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694 Glossary NT1 network terminatio
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696 Glossary packet switch A physic
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698 Glossary poison reverse updates
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700 Glossary PVP tunneling permanen
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702 Glossary route poisoning Used b
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704 Glossary server Hardware and so
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706 Glossary span A full-duplex dig
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708 Glossary SR/TLB source-route tr
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710 Glossary subinterface One of ma
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712 Glossary TE terminal equipment:
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714 Glossary TRIP Token Ring Interf
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716 Glossary WAN wide area network:
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