children out of school in america - University of Tennessee Digital ...

•
most children who are institutionalized are receiving
at least some training or schooling (whether or not
it meets the Census definition), we count all institutionalized
children as enrolled. Yet we know that
institutional schooling is often woefully inadequate
and that some institutions provide no educational
programs. 7 We have estimated the number assumed
to be institutionalized, but not enrolled, for each
state and have reduced the number not enrolled by
this amount.
Therefore, we added, for the 5-13 age group, the
males and females in the three categories of institutions,
and took 7/9ths of this figure to account for
ages 5 and 6. The 14 and 15 year olds were totaled
and added to the 7-13 group. We then took 39 percentS
of the 7-15 total institutionalized to estimate
the number institutionalized but not enrolled. This
procedure was then repeated for 16 and 17 year olds
using 45.6 percent and for 6 years olds in target
area states using 58.7 percent. Next, the institutional
not enrolled were deducted from the total not enrolled
to determine the number "Not Enrolled (Adjusted)."
Finally, totals for ages 7-17 were computed
for each state.
White and Nonwhite
Procedure. Table 146 is given for the state by
racial breakdown. We calculated the white children
in and out of school, and subtracted them from the
total to give the nonwhite figures. The institutional
adjustment was computed from data in Table 154
as it was for total population.
Urban and Rural
Procedure. Data are given for three types of
7 In 1970 the School of Social Service Administration at the
the University of Chicago published a study of children in
residential institutions which showed that over 7 percent of
the 2,318 institutions surveyed in 1966 had no children attending
school, and that of the institutions which provided
schools facilities on their grounds, 20 percent did not
provide services for all grade levels attained by the children
in residence. 30.4 percent of the institutions surveyed
reported that they wanted to expand or develop formal
school facilities on their grounds, and over 50 percent of
the institutions indicated that they wanted to expand or
develop tutoring, remedial or other individualized educational
programs.
S The U.S. percent of inmates of institutions not enrolled
in school; 1970 Census of Population, Persons in Institutions
and Other Group Quarters, P.C. (2)-4E, Table 20.
154
places: urban, rural farm and rural non-farm. Although
racial breakdowns are given within each type
of place, we did not make calculations by race within
urban or rural areas, nor separate rural into farm
and non-farm. We calculated the number of children
in and out of school for urban areas, and subtracted
these figures from the totals.
Urban-rural institutional data were only given for
age groupings "under 14 years" (rather than for "5
to 13" as it was for the total population), "14 and
15 years," and "16 and 17 years." We had no actual
data for determining the percentage of the total
population institutionalized for ages 7 to 13. Because
it was expected that institutionalization would
vary from the average during the early years, an
alternative means of estimating the urban institutionalized
was used. That is, children in institutions
were allocated between urban and rural on the basis
of the ratio of urban and rural in the total population
for that age group. This will reduce the reliability
of the estimate.
Children Not Enrolled By Regions
(Chapter 2, Tables I, III and IV)
State data for Tables I, III and IV were rearranged
and summarized by regions from standard Census
regional designations.
Children Not Enrolled, By Education and Income
of Parent (Chapter 2, Table V)
Source. School Enrollment Supplement, Table 8
-Enrollment Status and Relative Progress in School
of Persons 3 to 17 Years Old Living With One or
Both Parents by Education of Parent, Family Income,
Control of School, Age on October 1, 1969,
Race, Spanish Language, and Sex: 1970.
Procedure. Data are given by year for ages 3 to
7, as an age grouping for 8 to 15 year olds, and
separately for male and female 16 and 17 year olds.
Population and enrollment data are given for each
age group by education of parent and family income
as follows:
-Less than 8 years of school: Under $4,000;
$4,000 to 9,999; $10,000 or more.
-8 to 11 years of school: Under $4,000; $4,999
to 6,999; $7,000 to 9,999; $10,000 or more.
-12 years of school: Under $4,000; $4,000 to
6,999; $7,000 to 9,999; $10,000 or more.