Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects - Disaster Management Center ...

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Acknowledgments The Disaster Management Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison thanks the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance for early support of course development. In particular, Gudren Huden, Denise Decker and Fred Cole deserve special recognition for their understanding of this innovative educational process. At the University of Wisconsin, Linda Hook, Darrell Petska, Kate Olle, and Kristen Baer must be thanked for their efforts in preparing and editing the manuscript; and at Artifax, Susan Kummer and Val Parish for layout and typesetting. The course development process is never over, and each of these people understands that very well.
Introduction How to Get Started This self-study course will meet the needs of people involved in managing both suddenonset natural disasters (i.e., earthquakes, floods, hurricanes) and slow-onset disasters (i.e., famine, drought). This course is designed for government personnel, representatives of private voluntary agencies and other individuals at local and national levels who are interested in disaster management. The procedure for self-study is: • Complete and score the pretest. Do not be disappointed if you have a low score. If you have a high score, you probably do not need this course. • Read the outline of course content to get a general idea of what is covered in the course. • Read the learning objectives to get a general idea of what you are expected to learn from the course. Turn to Lesson 1: Introduction to Natural Hazards • Review the study guide section for a brief description of the lesson and any special suggestions on how to study. • Again read the learning objectives. • Carry out the learning activities listed. • Complete the self-assessment test at the end of the lesson and score it using the answer key provided. If you have not answered most of the questions correctly, restudy the lesson. If you score well on the self-assessment test, proceed to Lesson 2. Continue to study each lesson and complete the self-assessment test until you have finished the course of study. When you have completed to your satisfaction all the selfassessment tests, you can request a final examination package. This will include the final examination and any other supplementary material.
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Page 21 and 22: a) frequency of tremors b) upward m
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Page 37 and 38: 10. One method holding great promis
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Page 41 and 42: Contents List of Figures List of Ta
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 1 Introduction to Natural H
Page 45 and 46: Type of Event Number of People Kill
Page 47 and 48: Low-income Economy Afghanistan Bang
Page 49 and 50: Phases of a Disaster Disaster speci
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Chapter 2 Earthquakes Introduction
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Himalayan zone. Most earthquakes ap
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The different rates of travel betwe
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Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale o
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Frequency of Earthquakes More than
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How an earthquake damages a house F
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Rupture Zones and Epicenters in Cen
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of population from rural to urban a
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In all emergency activities it is o
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Notes 1 Rita Funaro-Curtis, Natural
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foundations by the water buoyancy.
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Impact on Natural and Built Environ
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Disaster Mitigation The most system
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- for tsunamis of local origin, pot
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Chapter 4 Volcanoes Introduction Ov
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production of sugar and cattle. Bec
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lava is a thin fluid (not viscous),
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then cool as thin, gently dipping s
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drains, causing flooding during sub
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then recognized, but today an incre
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Volcanic Zoning and Risk Mapping Wi
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1. Environmental Effects Volcano Di
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Altogether the combined disaster of
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force caused by the earth’s rotat
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An atmosphere disturbance forces wa
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The Saffir / Simpson Hurricane Scal
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measures as have to be devised and
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Storm Surge Source: Cuny, Disasters
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a set of activities in anticipation
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and buildings will affect the veloc
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How High Winds Damage Buildings Win
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• developing an effective forecas
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Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Co
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1. Environmental Effects Tropical C
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also by human changes to the surfac
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The most noted floods are associate
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Magmatic Water ATMOSPHERE The Hydro
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Seasonality —Inundation of land d
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• Since Landsat images are taken
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The second step in vulnerability re
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100-year flood, since this frequenc
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• Publish a master plan report wi
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• Blankets can be useful, but if
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Initial Response By Local Authoriti
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Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Co
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Chapter 7 Drought Introduction Drou
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In addition to the droughts in the
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The Drought Cycle Normal Hydrologic
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• priority be given to developing
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land aware of the issues. Planning
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The importance of responding to the
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Chapter 8 Desertification Introduct
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Region Estimates of Populations and
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1960; 500,000 in 1973. In 1975, in
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Adaptation of the Hydrological Cycl
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eluctance to cut back on stock numb
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effect. Finer materials are lifted
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such measures involve the disruptio
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Slash-and-Burn Agriculture. This me
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Issues in Reconstruction Peculiar t
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Chapter 9 Deforestation Introductio
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uncontrolled deforestation is a sym
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Related Disasters Description of Ph
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exploitable timber available per pe
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implementation. But essential as th
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Analogue modeling — the applicati
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Crater — a bowl-shaped depression
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organizations (public and private),
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Fault — a planar or gently curved
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Hurricane — in the Western Hemisp
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Malnutrition — the condition of s
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Precipitation — in meteorology, w
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— S — Sand dune stabilization
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Telemetry — the use of communicat
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Vulnerability — the extent to whi
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International Society on Disaster M
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University of Colorado Natural Haza
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Disaster Management Center Universi
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