Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects - Disaster Management Center ...

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Lesson 6 - Floods Study Guide Overview In this lesson you will learn the characteristics of different types of floods and the areas of the world where they occur. Knowing these, you will also consider flood mitigation measures that will work effectively for your area. Flood prevention, preparation and post-flood emergency responses are detailed. You will inventory the ways human settlements become vulnerable to floods. You will study effective flood prediction and overall flood management systems for areas prone to flooding. Learning Objectives • Describe the different types of flooding. • Locate areas in the world subject to flooding. • Explain why human settlements are often located in floodplains. • Explain the hydrological cycle. • List the physical factors that affect flooding severity. • Justify the value of flood prediction. • Describe a flood management system. • List and explain long-term and short-term preparation methods available to volunteers. Set up a model emergency response plan for a hypothetical flood area. Learning Activities • Read Chapter 6 in the text. • Study Flood Disaster Overview. • Review Appendix I. Evaluation Complete the self-assessment test.
Lesson 6 - Self-Assessment Test Multiple Choice Circle the best answer(s): 1. The primary measurement of flood damage is: a) the quantity of water discharged b) how high the water goes above normal restraints c) the dollar amount of economic damage d) the number of deaths e) the area of environmental degradation 2. The 1974 flood in Bangladesh caused: a) 450,000 deaths due to drowning b) severe starvation c) major silting of rivers and deforestation d) an increase in jute exports to compensate for food shortages e) a severe drop in the inflation rate 3. Water vapor enters the air: a) by osmosis b) by transition c) by transpiration d) by transformation e) by precipitation 4. Flash floods may result from: a) dam failures or cloudbursts b) riverine terrain and conditions c) rainfall due to tropical cyclones d) inadequate catchment areas e) eroded hillsides and coastal flooding 5. Timing and reliability of flood warnings: a) are difficult to insure b) decrease as the downstream distance increases c) increase as the downstream distance increases d) are easy to insure using Landsat technology e) are two characteristics of pre-flood planning 6. A severe flood in a rural area could cause: a) a substantial increase in snakebite victims b) a housing shortage in the cities c) little damage if the waters stagnate d) little effect on the national economy of an industrial nation e) an increase in the number of small farms 7. Risk mapping indicates: a) the number of casualties if a flood occurs b) the extent of property damage if a flood occurs c) both A & B d) the extent of the 100-year floodplain e) areas likely to be covered by water during floods of a given size 8. Digging a channel in a floodplain: a) is foolish b) is an example of a preventive approach c) is an example of a remedial approach d) is an example of a government incentive e) will help the local economy
Page 1 and 2: Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects
Page 3 and 4: This publication was prepared by th
Page 5 and 6: Introduction How to Get Started Thi
Page 7 and 8: eruption may be the saturation of a
Page 9 and 10: Course Objectives Lesson 1 Introduc
Page 11 and 12: Lesson 1 - Introduction to Natural
Page 13 and 14: _____ 9. The transitional period an
Page 15 and 16: Lesson 2 - Self-Assessment Test Mul
Page 17 and 18: Lesson 3 - Tsunamis Study Guide Ove
Page 19 and 20: Lesson 4 - Volcanoes Study Guide Ov
Page 21 and 22: a) frequency of tremors b) upward m
Page 25: ) two secondary responses handled b
Page 29 and 30: Lesson 7 - Drought Study Guide Over
Page 31 and 32: ) often easier than implementing th
Page 35 and 36: Lesson 9 - Deforestation Study Guid
Page 37 and 38: 10. One method holding great promis
Page 39 and 40: Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects
Page 41 and 42: Contents List of Figures List of Ta
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 1 Introduction to Natural H
Page 45 and 46: Type of Event Number of People Kill
Page 47 and 48: Low-income Economy Afghanistan Bang
Page 49 and 50: Phases of a Disaster Disaster speci
Page 51 and 52: Effects of Disasters Each type of d
Page 53 and 54: take steps to prevent the disaster,
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 2 Earthquakes Introduction
Page 57 and 58: Himalayan zone. Most earthquakes ap
Page 59 and 60: The different rates of travel betwe
Page 61 and 62: Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale o
Page 63 and 64: Frequency of Earthquakes More than
Page 65 and 66: How an earthquake damages a house F
Page 67 and 68: Rupture Zones and Epicenters in Cen
Page 69 and 70: of population from rural to urban a
Page 71 and 72: In all emergency activities it is o
Page 73 and 74: Notes 1 Rita Funaro-Curtis, Natural
Page 75 and 76: foundations by the water buoyancy.
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Impact on Natural and Built Environ
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Disaster Mitigation The most system
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- for tsunamis of local origin, pot
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Chapter 4 Volcanoes Introduction Ov
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production of sugar and cattle. Bec
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lava is a thin fluid (not viscous),
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then cool as thin, gently dipping s
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drains, causing flooding during sub
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then recognized, but today an incre
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Volcanic Zoning and Risk Mapping Wi
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1. Environmental Effects Volcano Di
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Altogether the combined disaster of
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force caused by the earth’s rotat
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An atmosphere disturbance forces wa
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The Saffir / Simpson Hurricane Scal
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measures as have to be devised and
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Storm Surge Source: Cuny, Disasters
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a set of activities in anticipation
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and buildings will affect the veloc
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How High Winds Damage Buildings Win
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• developing an effective forecas
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Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Co
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1. Environmental Effects Tropical C
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also by human changes to the surfac
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The most noted floods are associate
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Magmatic Water ATMOSPHERE The Hydro
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Seasonality —Inundation of land d
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• Since Landsat images are taken
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The second step in vulnerability re
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100-year flood, since this frequenc
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• Publish a master plan report wi
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• Blankets can be useful, but if
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Initial Response By Local Authoriti
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Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Co
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Chapter 7 Drought Introduction Drou
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In addition to the droughts in the
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The Drought Cycle Normal Hydrologic
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• priority be given to developing
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land aware of the issues. Planning
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The importance of responding to the
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Chapter 8 Desertification Introduct
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Region Estimates of Populations and
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1960; 500,000 in 1973. In 1975, in
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Adaptation of the Hydrological Cycl
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eluctance to cut back on stock numb
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effect. Finer materials are lifted
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such measures involve the disruptio
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Slash-and-Burn Agriculture. This me
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Issues in Reconstruction Peculiar t
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Chapter 9 Deforestation Introductio
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uncontrolled deforestation is a sym
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Related Disasters Description of Ph
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exploitable timber available per pe
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implementation. But essential as th
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Analogue modeling — the applicati
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Crater — a bowl-shaped depression
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organizations (public and private),
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Fault — a planar or gently curved
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Hurricane — in the Western Hemisp
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Malnutrition — the condition of s
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Precipitation — in meteorology, w
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— S — Sand dune stabilization
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Telemetry — the use of communicat
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Vulnerability — the extent to whi
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International Society on Disaster M
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University of Colorado Natural Haza
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Disaster Management Center Universi
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