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Conclusions Considering the preceding information the following conclusions can be drawn. Floods are not subject to complete control but their damaging effects can be mitigated. The upward flood cost trend can be moderated through comprehensive floodplain, stormwater, and coastal zone management measures that are economically, environmentally, and socially cost effective. Potential benefits from flood control measures are often lost through subsequent, unwise development in supposedly protected areas. All levels of governments should persuasively support the designation of flood-prone areas for open space uses.
Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Contribution of Peace Corps to Disaster Preparedness in Africa, INTERTECT, Dallas, Texas, 1983, p. 80. 2 J.G.F. Anten and S. Franken, The Pattern of Famine in Bangladesh. Amsterdam, Netherlands, p. 144. 3 Rita Funaro-Curtis, Natural Disasters and the Development Process, Prepared for OFDA/AID, Washington, D.C., July 1982, p. 13-14. 4 Tony Waltham, Catastrophy, The Violent Earth, Crown Publishers, New York, New York, 1978, p. 84-86. 5 Champ Clark and the Editors of Time-Life Books, Planet Earth: Flood, Time-Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia, 1982, p. 24. 6 INTERTECT, p. 80-82. 7 UNDRO, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation: A Compendium of Current Knowledge, Vol. 2, Hydrological Aspects, 1978, p. 8. 8 Gilbert White, Editor, Natural Hazards: Local, National, Global, Oxford University Press, New York, 1974, p. 269. 9 Charles J. Robinove, “The Role of Remote Sensing and Satellite Monitoring Systems in Hydrologic Hazard Management,” in United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 1984, p. 899-902. 10 National Science Foundation, A Report on Flood Hazard Mitigation, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1980, p. 27. 11 Ibid. p. 17. 12 INTERTECT, p. 83-84. 13 Most of the above discussion on floodplain management has been adapted from William G. DeGroot, L. Scott Tucker, Ben Urbonas “Elements of a Comprehensive Floodplain Management Program,” Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program, AID Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance and U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 1984, p. 943-959. References Anten, J.G.F. and S. Franken, The Pattern of Famine in Bangladesh, Amsterdam, Netherlands. DeGroot, William G., L. Scott Tucker, Ben Urbonas, “Elements of a Comprehensive Floodplain Management Program,” Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program, AID Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance and U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 1984, p. 943-959. Funaro-Curtis, Rita, Natural Disasters and the Development Process, Prepared for OFDA/AID, Washington, D.C., July 1982. INTERTECT, The Potential Contribution of Peace Corps to Disaster Preparedness in Africa, INTERTECT, Dallas, Texas, 1983. National Science Foundation, A Report on Flood Hazard Mitigation, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1980. Clark, Champ and the Editors of Time-Life Books, Planet Earth: Flood, Time-Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia, 1982. Robinove, Charles J., “The Role of Remote Sensing and Satellite Monitoring Systems in Hydrologic Hazard Management,” in United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 1984. UNDRO, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation: A Compendium of Current Knowledge, Vol. 2, Hydrological Aspects, 1978. Waltham, Tony, Catastrophy, The Violent Earth, Crown Publishers, New York, New York, 1978. White, Gilbert, Editor, Natural Hazards, Local, National Global, Oxford University Press, New York, 1974.
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Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects
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This publication was prepared by th
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Introduction How to Get Started Thi
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eruption may be the saturation of a
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Course Objectives Lesson 1 Introduc
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Lesson 1 - Introduction to Natural
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_____ 9. The transitional period an
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Lesson 2 - Self-Assessment Test Mul
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Lesson 3 - Tsunamis Study Guide Ove
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Lesson 4 - Volcanoes Study Guide Ov
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a) frequency of tremors b) upward m
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) two secondary responses handled b
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Lesson 7 - Drought Study Guide Over
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) often easier than implementing th
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Lesson 9 - Deforestation Study Guid
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10. One method holding great promis
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Natural Hazards: Causes and Effects
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Contents List of Figures List of Ta
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Natural H
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Type of Event Number of People Kill
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Low-income Economy Afghanistan Bang
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Phases of a Disaster Disaster speci
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Effects of Disasters Each type of d
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take steps to prevent the disaster,
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Chapter 2 Earthquakes Introduction
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Himalayan zone. Most earthquakes ap
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The different rates of travel betwe
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Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale o
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Frequency of Earthquakes More than
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How an earthquake damages a house F
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Rupture Zones and Epicenters in Cen
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of population from rural to urban a
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In all emergency activities it is o
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Notes 1 Rita Funaro-Curtis, Natural
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foundations by the water buoyancy.
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Impact on Natural and Built Environ
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Disaster Mitigation The most system
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- for tsunamis of local origin, pot
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Chapter 4 Volcanoes Introduction Ov
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production of sugar and cattle. Bec
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lava is a thin fluid (not viscous),
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then cool as thin, gently dipping s
Page 91 and 92: drains, causing flooding during sub
Page 93 and 94: then recognized, but today an incre
Page 95 and 96: Volcanic Zoning and Risk Mapping Wi
Page 97 and 98: 1. Environmental Effects Volcano Di
Page 99 and 100: Altogether the combined disaster of
Page 101 and 102: force caused by the earth’s rotat
Page 103 and 104: An atmosphere disturbance forces wa
Page 105 and 106: The Saffir / Simpson Hurricane Scal
Page 107 and 108: measures as have to be devised and
Page 109 and 110: Storm Surge Source: Cuny, Disasters
Page 111 and 112: a set of activities in anticipation
Page 113 and 114: and buildings will affect the veloc
Page 115 and 116: How High Winds Damage Buildings Win
Page 117 and 118: • developing an effective forecas
Page 119 and 120: Notes 1 INTERTECT, The Potential Co
Page 121 and 122: 1. Environmental Effects Tropical C
Page 123 and 124: also by human changes to the surfac
Page 125 and 126: The most noted floods are associate
Page 127 and 128: Magmatic Water ATMOSPHERE The Hydro
Page 129 and 130: Seasonality —Inundation of land d
Page 131 and 132: • Since Landsat images are taken
Page 133 and 134: The second step in vulnerability re
Page 135 and 136: 100-year flood, since this frequenc
Page 137 and 138: • Publish a master plan report wi
Page 139 and 140: • Blankets can be useful, but if
Page 141: Initial Response By Local Authoriti
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 7 Drought Introduction Drou
Page 147 and 148: In addition to the droughts in the
Page 149 and 150: The Drought Cycle Normal Hydrologic
Page 151 and 152: • priority be given to developing
Page 153 and 154: land aware of the issues. Planning
Page 155 and 156: The importance of responding to the
Page 157 and 158: Chapter 8 Desertification Introduct
Page 159 and 160: Region Estimates of Populations and
Page 161 and 162: 1960; 500,000 in 1973. In 1975, in
Page 163 and 164: Adaptation of the Hydrological Cycl
Page 165 and 166: eluctance to cut back on stock numb
Page 167 and 168: effect. Finer materials are lifted
Page 169 and 170: such measures involve the disruptio
Page 171 and 172: Slash-and-Burn Agriculture. This me
Page 173 and 174: Issues in Reconstruction Peculiar t
Page 175 and 176: Chapter 9 Deforestation Introductio
Page 177 and 178: uncontrolled deforestation is a sym
Page 179 and 180: Related Disasters Description of Ph
Page 181 and 182: exploitable timber available per pe
Page 183 and 184: implementation. But essential as th
Page 185 and 186: Analogue modeling — the applicati
Page 187 and 188: Crater — a bowl-shaped depression
Page 189 and 190: organizations (public and private),
Page 191 and 192: Fault — a planar or gently curved
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Hurricane — in the Western Hemisp
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Malnutrition — the condition of s
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Precipitation — in meteorology, w
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— S — Sand dune stabilization
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Telemetry — the use of communicat
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Vulnerability — the extent to whi
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International Society on Disaster M
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University of Colorado Natural Haza
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Disaster Management Center Universi
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