Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES
(Triticum aestivum L.)
Desimir Knezevic 1 , Veselinka Zecevic 2 , Danica Micanovic 2 , Nevena Djukic 3 ,
Aleksandar Paunovic 4 , Milomirka Madic 4 , Ivica Djalovic 4
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Zubin Potok, University of Pristina, Serbia,
2 Center for Small Grains Kragujevac, S. Kovacevica 31, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
3 Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Biology, University of Kragujevac, Serbia,
4 Agricultural Faculty, Cacak, Cara Dusana 32, 32000, Cacak, Yugoslavia
ABSTRACT
Variability of yield and quality parameters were studied in 11 wheat lines and cultivars.
Wheat cultivars were grown in the experimental field in 5 replication. part of The
differences in average values for all the studied parameters among investigated cultivars
were determined. High variability of investigated traits was established. The high
variability for analyzed yield and quality components were.
Keywords: wheat, yield, quality, protein sedimentation, gluten
INTRODUCTION
Increasing of yield in wheat has been an important task of breeders. The breeders in the
last six decades have been investigated impact of genetic, physiological, biochemical,
ecological parameters for increases in yield and quality improvement. Numerous data of
investigation indicated that levels of water, fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide application
have influence to impovement of wheat yield. In successful breeding program wheat
breeders has produced a series of cultivars with improved resistance to pests and
diseases, wider adaptation to adverse soil and climatic conditions and better quality
(Bedo et al., 2005). Genetic yield potential may be defined as the yield of a cultivar
grown in environments to which it is adapted, with nutrients and water non-limiting,
and with pests, diseases, weeds, lodging and other stresses effectively controlled. The
genetic yield potential of a wheat cultivar may be dependent on favorable conditions
and good agronomy for its expression. The ideal cultivar for high grain yield or for any
other desirable traits need to express genetic potential in different environment with low
value of variance in different environmental factors of growing (Joshi et al. 2002). The
grain yield of wheat is variable traits, which depends on numerous yield components
and environmental factors (Kraljevic-Balalic et al., 2001). The characters as height of
plants, length of spike, number of spikelets per spike are in positive correlation with
grain yield (Zecevic, 2005). The yield variability is less studied than yield itself.
The wheat grain and its product are very important in human nutrition. The great
nutritional importance of wheat have stimilated the investigation of quality parameters.
During the recent few decades significant advanced have be made in the biochemical,
genetic and molecular biology studies of protein components. Proteins play major role
in determination of quality of grain, flour, dough and bread. A number of genes
encoding proteins were isolated and sequenced.
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