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Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

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CONCLUSION<br />

1. The rate of transformati<strong>on</strong> and immobilisati<strong>on</strong> of toxic pollutants in soils varied<br />

according to elements. A clear distincti<strong>on</strong> can be made between elements that are<br />

mobile pollutants in soils (Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu) and those that transform rapidly into<br />

insoluble forms and become b<strong>on</strong>ded (As, Hg, Cr).<br />

2. Heavy metals and other pollutants that are spread over soils accumulate in the tilled<br />

soil horiz<strong>on</strong>s where root mass is highest. Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg and Zn are b<strong>on</strong>ded in the<br />

tilled horiz<strong>on</strong>s, while As moderately polluted the deeper horiz<strong>on</strong>s between 30-60<br />

cms.<br />

3. The leaching of Cr input into soils in the form of chromate is a rapid process in<br />

mildly acidic brown forest soils, the element was detected at depths of 60-90 cms<br />

after 2 years. Subterranean water sources are endangered by this element as a result<br />

of rapid leaching.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. Csathó, P. 1994. Heavy metal polluti<strong>on</strong> and agricultural producti<strong>on</strong>. Thematic<br />

literature review. Akaprint, Budapest<br />

2. Fodor, L. 1977. Mobility of some toxic elements in soil-plant system <strong>on</strong> brown<br />

forest soil. Proceedings of <str<strong>on</strong>g>Internati<strong>on</strong>al</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>ference</str<strong>on</strong>g> of PhD Students. UM,<br />

Miskolc, pp. 84-90.<br />

3. Fodor, L. 1977. Mobility and plant uptake of some heavy metals <strong>on</strong> brown forest<br />

soil. Proceedings of the 11th World Fertilizer C<strong>on</strong>gress. Research Center,<br />

Braunschweg-Völkenrode, pp. 14-20.<br />

4. Fodor, L. 2002. Nehézfémek akkumulációja a talaj-növény rendszerben. Doktori<br />

(PhD) értekezés. VE GMK, Keszthely.<br />

5. Fodor, L. 2004. Study of heavy metal leaching in the soil. Proceedings of the 13th<br />

Int. ISCO <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>ference</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Brisbane.<br />

6. Lakanen, E., Erviö, R. 1971. A comparis<strong>on</strong> of eight extractans for de<strong>term</strong>inati<strong>on</strong> of<br />

plant available microelements in soil. Acta Agr. Fenn. 123, 223-232.<br />

7. Lehoczky, É., Szabados, I., Marth, P. 1996. Cadmium C<strong>on</strong>tent of Plants as<br />

Affected by Soil Cadmium C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 27. 1765-1777.<br />

8. Szabó, L., Tamás, J., Tóth, P., Kovács, E., Fodor, L. 2003. Ólomszennyezés<br />

migrációjának vizsgálata talajok<strong>on</strong>. In: Mikroelemek a táplálékláncban (ed: Sim<strong>on</strong>,<br />

L., Szilány, M.) Bersenyi György Könyvkiadó, Nyíregyháza, pp. 221-228.<br />

608

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