Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

n = - 1 ⁄ 2 [1]-[4]. The later model is applied when the water surface is rugous (with
tides).
Table nr.2
___________________________________________________________Solubility
Symbol Conversion to SA
___________________________________________________________
For using with pA humid = pA dry (1 - pH2O/P)
−3
β A 6 mmol m
Bunsen coefficient βA SA = × 10 −1
VA mol l
Solubility function F
F
3
6 mmol m
−
SA =
× 10
( P − p ) −1
H2O
mol l
______________________________________________________________________
For using with pA dry
β
−3
6
Bunsen coefficient βA SA =
A mmol m
× 10 −1
V mol l
A
−3
F 6 mmol m
Solubility function F SA = × 10 −1
p mol l
It can be observed that a not so soluble gas as O2 has an exchange rate larger than a
more soluble gas as CO2. This fact is perfectly compatible with the important role of the
bubbles in the gas exchange process previously discussed. The not so soluble gases
exchange is increased by a bigger fractional quantity when the bubbles are developed,
due to the fact that the gases with a lower solubility have a lower transfer coefficient
transversal to the air-sea interface than the gases with bigger solubility. The bubbles
transfer could be separately discussed. A result of the laboratory studies is: it
demonstrates that the sensibility of gases exchange for a variety of conditions, that are
difficult to reproduce in a laboratory situation.
A series of techniques for studying the gases exchange in a more realistic mode
were developed, in the field conditions. There are three such techniques:
• The method of the radon deficiency
• The method of the oceanic radiocarbon inventory, and
• The dual method of a tracer.
We will refer to in situ (in field) studies, describing them and presenting here only the
method of the radon deficiency.
(a) The method of the radon deficiency is based on the Radon-222 distribution at
the ocean surface. This radioisotope, with the de half value life time of 3,825 days, is
formed by the decay of Radiu-226 at oceanic water surface. We know from
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