Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

about 100 m above sea-level with yearly precipitation of 550-600 mm and sunny hours
1900-2000 h/year. The min/max temperature was about –25 Cº and +35 Cº interval, the
watertable level found at a depth of 2-3 m. The site is extremely drought sensitive.
The trial has 32 treatments x 4 replication = 128 plots with 5 x 10 = 50 m 2 plot size and
randomized block design. The forms of fertilizers applied were Ca-ammonium nitrate,
superphosphate, muriate of potash, powdered limestone and dolomite. The crop
sequence was potato-rye in the first 10 years, than potato-winter wheat (8 years), than
followed different crops the next 10 years (like white lupine, sunflower, grasses, spring
barley, tobacco). In 1991, the 29 th year of the trial, a triticale monoculture was
established which is now 16 years old. The nutrients applied in the trial are shown in
table 1.
Table 1: Fertilization and liming applied in the experiment, kg/ha/year (Brown forest
soil, acid sand, Nyírlugos, Nyírség region)
Nutrient
Applied nutrients, kg/ha/year
levels N P2O5 K2O CaCO3 MgCO3
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 50 60 60 250 140
2 100 120 120 500 280
3 150 180 180 1000 -
Remark: Ca-ammonium-nitrate, muriate of potash, powdered limestone and dolomite
The plant material was analysed after wet ashing with cc.HNO3 + cc.H2O2, for the N
determination with cc.H2SO4 + cc.H2O2 treatment. The soil samples were analysed
using NH4-acetate + EDTA method (Lakanen and Erviö 1971), basic soil properties
according to Baranyai et al. (1987), adsorptive soil characteristics according to
Bascomb (1964). All the mineral elements were measured using ICP technics. The
composite soil samples per plots were made of 20 subsamples, the composite plant
samples were made of 1 m 2 plant material per plot. Material and methods and the main
results of the experiment were summarized elsewhere (Láng 1963, 1973, 1984; Kádár
és Szemes 1990, 1994; Kádár et al. 1999; Márton 2002 a, b, c).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
As we can see in table 2 the value of pH (H2O) dropped down from 5.4 (control) to 4.6
on the N3 plot, while lifted up to 6.8 on the limed plot. The pH (KCl) values showed
analoge picture between 3.5 minimum and 6.4 maximum. The hydrolytic acidity
followed the movement of pH within a 4-14 interval. The humus content did not change
significantly in the ploughed layer as a function of fertilization and liming. The NH4acetate+EDTA
soluble phosphorus and potassium mirrored the P-and K-application.
The P-supply of soil turned to a satisfactory, while the K-supply of soil still remained
under a satisfactory level in the topsoil. The downward movement of K-fertilizer
probably enriched partly the subsoil.
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