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7. Thierer L V. Tehnologia recepţionării, depozitării, condiţionării şi conservării produselor agricole, Edit. Ceres, 1976; 8. Thierer L.V., Dumitrescu M., Huştiu I., Oprescu I., Tehnologia recepţionării, depozitării, condiţonării şi conservării produselor agricole, Ed. Ceres, Bucureşti, 1971; 9. Thierer, L.V., Determinarea calităţii produselor agricole vegetale, Bucureşti, Edit. Agro- Silvică, 1966; 388
OCEAN DYNAMICS: AIR-SEA INTERFACE GASES EXCHANGE 1 Speranta Coldea, Faculty of Environment Protection, University of Oradea, Oradea, Str. Gen. Magheru Nr.26, Romania ABSTRACT Having known the tracer conservation equation and discussed ocean transport, we will consider now the processes at the air-sea interface that need to be specified in order to solve the tracer continuity equation. The most important process that we must consider here there is the gas exchange. This process has a major impact on the distribution of gases within both the ocean as well as within the atmosphere. We will introduce an overview of the major gases in the atmosphere and ocean and some important processes in which they are involved. Further we will discuss the solubility of gases in seawater and the processes at the air-sea interface that control the exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. Keywords: atmosphere – ocean interaction, gases exchange. 1. INTRODUCTION The terrestrial atmosphere composition is a unique one in our solar system due to the influence on long terms of biological processes upon al the basic components, with the exception of noble gases (see Table.nr.1). The noble gases are near the equilibrium state between ocean and atmosphere (with the exception of a supersaturation due to air bubbles solving, bubbles that are injected in ocean by the braking tides, and by the fluctuations resulted from mixing, heating and from the water-air fluxes). The distribution of ocean noble gases is determined especially by their solubility. The equilibrium distribution between the atmosphere and ocean of the basic gases is determined by the chemical and biological processes that produce the gas consumption in the ocean. From the eight reactive gases given in the Table nr.1, three of them, e.g. O2, CO2 and N2O, are produced and consumed in great quantities by the oceanic processes. The Ocean doesn’t produce methane, but the flux of this gas to the atmosphere is negligible compared to that from terrestrial sources (∼ 2%). The ocean produces and consumes also N2, but we don’t know if the ocean is a source or a sink, or it is neuter for this gas. Some gases have an impact on the thermal state of our planet by caption of long wave radiation emitted by the Earth, from so called greenhouse effect. We must observe that CO2 and N2O are in bigger quantities compared with the beginning of the industrial era and contribute semnificatively to the greenhouse effect. We will explore partially the vertical and horizontal distribution of the gases, and we will give a special attention to the concentrations at the ocean surface in contact with the atmosphere. This distribution has some unusual particularities for O2, CO2, and N2O that we will introduce in our analysis. The nonquilibrium state between ocean and atmosphere of CO2 is larger than that of O2. For CO2 the curve seems to begin to be larger and it is opposite to that of O2. The same biological processes which decay O2 in the deep waters will enlarge the concentration of the total carbon. This fact explains why the curve for CO2 at the equator is opposite to that of O2, but doesn’t explain why 389
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Joint Inte
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CONTENTS INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FERT
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THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUPPLY, LIMI
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THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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PREFACE With the general aims to co
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For a better knowledge of applicati
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pH values pH values 8 6 pH values 6
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In the preluvosoil conditions the m
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REFERENCES Bedo, Z.- Lang, L. (1977
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mean (fixed, i.e. systematic effect
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29% in the first 15 years of the ex
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Table 2. Variance and regression pa
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The b = 1.7 value recorded for Trea
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THE IMPACT OF PLANT BREEDING ON SEE
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modified pedigree breeding method,
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“Rigel” seed multiplication com
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The benefits of the cultivars bred
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ABSTRACT SOME LESSONS LEARNED FROM
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about 100 m above sea-level with ye
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Table 3: Effect of treatments on so
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ammoniumlactate-soluble P2O5 and K2
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MODIS NDVI data from the Terra and
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NDVI 0,8 0,75 0,7 0,65 0,6 0,55 0,5
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The a*cos(2π*i/12) periodic compon
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RAINFALL, FERTILIZATION AND LIMING
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1999 to 2006. The main experiment
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Jolánkai M. (2005): Effect of clim
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classified according to the soil te
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Relatív termés (100 NP/NPK), % 3.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study was fina
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Table 2. The oldest and most import
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plan of the uniform countrywide fie
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• The effect of climate change ca
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MATERIALS AND METHODS An organic an
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TOC % 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 bc b
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The much better performance of the
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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION IN LONG-TER
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Carbon-dioxide and nitrous-oxide sa
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Nitrous-oxide emission Nitrous-oxid
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CH BC N2O = - 8,839 + 0,6904 * Mois
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INFLUENCES OF AMELIORATIVE FERTILIZ
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samples were measured by the ICP-AE
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Table 3. Influences of ameliorative
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Egner, H., Riehm, H., Domingo, W.R.
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To resolve genetics of grain qualit
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Table 2. Average values of analyzed
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CROP ROTATION AND GREEN MANURE INFL
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Organic Chemical Chemical fertiliza
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Influence of the crop rotation and
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REFERENCES 1. Budoi Gh., Penescu A.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimen
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average of watered treatments resul
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Table 4: Changes in soil properties
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epetitions, where the main treatmen
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that usually conventional tillage h
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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE
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Crop rotation Water regime Water re
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conditions. The values, registered
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CRISANA -THE FIRST ROMANIAN WHEAT V
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In addition, we used recurent selec
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Table 2: The root length of some wh
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Table 5: Productions and quality re
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EXPERIMENTS WITH PERENNIAL RYE (SEC
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green mass (6,8-7 t/ha/year dry mas
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REFERENCES Kotvics G. (1963): A Sec
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een shown to cause leucoencephaloma
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Marasas, W.F.O., Kellerman, W.C.A,
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minerals (Čuvanová et al. 2006).
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01/2). For the latest periods (fatt
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1. GENERAL APPROACH TO EUROREGIONAL
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Association - fig. 2), on the other
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communication between the two assoc
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The juridical settlement of the Bih
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EFFECT OF BORON FERTILIZATION ON AN
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3. Examinations of fruit quality Fo
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Fruit density was increased applyin
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Wills, R. B. H. - Lim, J. S. K. - G
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Nosticzius, 1992). Among these, soi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The dry mat
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The amount of nitrogen uptake by th
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ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUP
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exactly known due to the size of th
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Table 3: Dry matter production of p
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more definite in the non limed trea
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compare these levels with the Europ
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Table 3. Natural occurrence of myco
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CORRELATIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
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1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200
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Table 3: Land use/ha 1960 1970 1980
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RIDING TOURISM IN THE NORTHERN GREA
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visitors belonging to all types of
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Concerning the weather long autumn
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2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 6
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technical supervision of the Debrec
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TISSUE CULTURE METHODS FOR SCREENIN
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symptoms could be observable in the
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experiments the other clones and we
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Shoot culture
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that callus induction and developme
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COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN A SEVE
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Table 1: Mean squares of GCA and SC
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combination. We could not obtained
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SUSTAINABLE LAND-USE BASED ON WESTS
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green manure treatment, where lupin
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In Westsik's crop rotation experime
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Crop rotation breaks the weed and i
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The reliability of the method was c
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The increased phosphorus rates incr
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REFERENCES Basha S.M, Roberts R.M (
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Sandy soils w
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AL soluble Ca (mg/kg) 350 300 250 2
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gradually from soils containing 100
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agriculture in Hungary, especially
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according to the treatments. Obtain
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Table 4: Results of regression anal
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From obtained data, it can be estab
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Tops soil (0-30 cm) samples were ta
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Table 5: Impact fertilizing and lim
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COMPOSTED SLAUGHTERHOUSE BY-PRODUCT
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The mature compost became friable,
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maximal yield could be reached at 5
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unfavourable years. 100-200 t/ha do
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THE EFFECT OF BENTONITE ON SPECIFIC
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RESULTS The effect of treatments on
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dosages significantly reduced the a
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DISCUSSION In our experiments, we f
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INVESTIGATION OF MINERAL CONTENT IN
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Element Ammonium-nitrate Superphosp
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According to our results, the effec
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REFERENCES Debreczeni, B., Debrecze
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micronutrient soil tests for many y
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LE and KCl-EDTA extracted similar a
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Table 4. Correlation coefficient be
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YIELD OF RYE AS AFFECTED BY THE CRO
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Table 2: Mean temperature at Nyíre
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It was found that either way of app
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2 The main modification properties
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4 Table 2: Percent of alfalfa and-
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THE IMPORTANCE OF LONG-TERM FIELD E
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essential to the determination of t
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The comparison of the nutrient cont
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environment for three years, then t
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PC 2 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 V2 V5
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Figure 2: Genetic similarity among
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Frenot, Y., Aubry, M., Misset, M. T
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Three foliar fertilizations were do
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CONCLUSIONS The rigorous experiment
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some pathogen agents, a chemical an
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� The pH decrease in the greenhou
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RESULTS AND DISSCUSSIONS 1. The pro
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may employ (wheat) flour produced f
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For the conditions in from Western
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Yield losses millet hay (%) 80 70 6
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- 0,6093) and extremely significant
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CONCLUSIONS The experimental field
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Evaluation of effect of fertilizati
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Table 3: Dry matter content of pars
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On sandy soil, the total N content
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THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
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Bacillus megatherium soil bacteria,
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N content of plant: Studying the ni
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chernozem soil in all pots either.
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THE INFLUENCE OF USING BIOLOGICAL A
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2. The influence of using inoculant
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Table 3: The evolution of weight ga
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REFERENCES 4. Anon D.L. (1997): - S
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chernozem represents the dominant s
Page 337 and 338: AD% AD% 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 T
Page 339 and 340: Negative reaction was recorded in t
Page 341 and 342: The Tentant variety positively reac
Page 343 and 344: Table 1. The density of harmful pes
Page 345 and 346: vegetation period, without affectin
Page 347 and 348: THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTROLLING FORMA
Page 349 and 350: 3:1 to 5:3 . In the following exper
Page 351 and 352: REFERENCES 1. Bartzokas, C. A., K.
Page 353 and 354: For micro-elements, EDTA+KCl 15 tim
Page 355 and 356: Ca CO3(%) = AL − Cax2,5 10000 EDT
Page 357 and 358: ABSTRACT BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION O
Page 359 and 360: profiles were typical for catena po
Page 361 and 362: Table 2: Collembola species composi
Page 363 and 364: Larsen, T., P. Schjonning, J. Axels
Page 365 and 366: The alimentary problem has constitu
Page 367 and 368: Table 3. The average annual consump
Page 369 and 370: FROM FARM TO FORK - EVALUATION OF C
Page 371 and 372: we made a deeper vertical sampling
Page 373 and 374: Although the toxic element content
Page 375 and 376: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supp
Page 377 and 378: l/mp 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fig. 3 M
Page 379 and 380: during this period, though not so s
Page 381 and 382: • the pluviometric regime was als
Page 383 and 384: 1. Specific weight was study accord
Page 385 and 386: Table 4. Absolut weight MA g result
Page 387: Very significant decrease are in V4
Page 391 and 392: ∂ C Φ = - ε (3) ∂z where Φ i
Page 393 and 394: n = - 1 ⁄ 2 [1]-[4]. The later mo
Page 395 and 396: elucidated yet. We must also imply
Page 397 and 398: RESEARCHES ON THE QUICK METHOD OF S
Page 399 and 400: SU8 = (Za/QB) - 100; C8 = (Z8/P8) -
Page 401 and 402: There are the following calculation
Page 403 and 404: - preheaters - towards condensation
Page 405 and 406: Circulation speed of the concentrat
Page 407 and 408: RESEARCH ON SEEDING AGENTS TO EFFEC
Page 409 and 410: • about 160 porcelain balls havin
Page 411 and 412: For the crystal mass the following
Page 413 and 414: WATER DIFFUSION IN BREAD DURING BAK
Page 415 and 416: RESULTS Temperature distribution: W
Page 417 and 418: During the chemical changes the por
Page 419 and 420: CONCLUSIONS The water content in th
Page 421 and 422: those portions that are not, are no
Page 423 and 424: Tension: For bread prepared under l
Page 425 and 426: obscured. It has been stated that r
Page 427 and 428: THE MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE P
Page 429 and 430: It was marked with AI the area of t
Page 431 and 432: mcb [g] mcb [g] mcb [g] 0,040 0,030
Page 433 and 434: The calculation of engines with spa
Page 435 and 436: THE VARIATION OF EFFECTIVE POWER AN
Page 437 and 438: 437
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ce [g/kW h] 400.019 350.019 300.019
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THE EFFECT OF THE GENOTYPE AND EXPL
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) The cultures were incubated at cc
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% embryogenic inductio 60 50 40 30
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Table 1 The three way Anova type 3x
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Table 4 The effect of developmental
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was the explant type (the developme
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ABSTRACT COMPARATIVE TESTS FOR SEPA
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Column extraction (Beck, H. and Mat
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Fat Percentage Fat percentage 4.4 4
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HIGHLIGHTING THE STATE OF FRESHNESS
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REFERENCES 1. Eftimie V.M. Particul
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In table 1 the results obtained as
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FORENSIC ASPECTS REGARDING DISASTER
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• depositing the bodies and the e
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FORM NO. 3 ITEM IDENTIFICATION Pers
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- utilised in a biogas processing p
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Viscosity [◦E] 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
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As in any other cyclic, infectious,
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usually incompatible with life or c
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The family doctors must be informed
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2. botulism of inoculation-through
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The repartition of the provenience
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3. The patients hospitalizations mo
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possibility that, due to the chelat
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difference of extinction % 120 100
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Horváth E., Szalai G., Pál m., P
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chlorophyll contents and the values
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Table 1.Estimative mean values for
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TREE GROWTH EQUATIONS IN DIFFERENT
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Image no.1 ImageTool programme was
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Following the results obtained, the
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ms. The placement of the areas was
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Another possible simulated break in
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- distribution after break case 2 y
Page 509 and 510:
THE FREQUENCY OF DAYS WITH DIFFEREN
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200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120
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October, and at higher altitudes (0
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5. The frequency of tropical days r
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At the same time, the genesis of fl
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winter the floods frequency has sma
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% 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 I II III IV V
Page 523 and 524:
RESEARCH REGARDING MAIN CHEMICAL RE
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• Ensuring the juice’ thermal s
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mud which is evacuated out of the p
Page 529 and 530:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus Clea
Page 531 and 532:
THE IMPORTANCE OF VOLATILE N-NITROS
Page 533 and 534:
The fat cooked out of some of the b
Page 535 and 536:
A problem concerning the formation
Page 537 and 538:
Sample 3, found to contain 343 ppb
Page 539 and 540:
LUNG CANCER CAUSED BY SMOKING AND C
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µg/g dry weight). The pulmonary Cd
Page 543 and 544:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus and
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for either TLC or reverse-phase LC
Page 547 and 548:
trigger still other responses. In t
Page 549 and 550:
these general patterns appear to be
Page 551 and 552:
The question of determining a “sa
Page 553 and 554:
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECT
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Figure 3.-Life Cycle of Echinococcu
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that the values are 1 case at 600.0
Page 559 and 560:
Paraclinical data From the laborato
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THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF STERIG
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Column Chromatography Loosely place
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that spot intensity could be regene
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its metabolism by oxidative pathway
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Exposure time weeks 1 2 3 Table 2.
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attempted accommodation to the diet
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series, a dose of 0.5 ppm NDMA was
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At 500 ppb and at all higher doses,
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supernatants by a modified cadmium
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adioimmunoassay and by cadmium satu
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• The intermediary form appears b
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sex. In fact, there are no data in
Page 585 and 586:
SOME ASPECTS OF SHELTER REGENERATIO
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In the following lines it is presen
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Număr de arbori 160 140 120 100 80
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Analysing the data presented in the
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WASTEWATER TREATMENT TEHNOLOGIES OF
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As a result of the comparisons betw
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CONCLUSIONS Anaerobe-aerobe treatme
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REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT USING CONSTRUC
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characterized by marshy plants like
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watersurface, but their roots are t
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• Which of the heavy metals that
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Figure 2 shows that Cd also is conc
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