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Measurements prove that most Mg was extracted with AL, then with KCl. Values of exchangeable Mg are largely equal with the results obtained with EDTE as Mg content. Result is convertible according to the formula: EDTE − Mg Exch.-Mg (mg/100 g) = 9−K CONCLUSIONS Different solutions are used for extraction to assess the Ca and Mg content of soil samples. Measurements prove that most quantities were obtained with AL-solution, lowest quantities with water as solvent. Values of exchangeable Ca and Mg content largely coincide with the results of EDTE-Ca and EDTE-Mg. The results obtained with the different methods are convertible to each other. REFERENCES Filep T. (2002): Characterisation of the nutrient buffer capacity of K, Ca, Mg in two Hungarian soils. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2002. 73-78 p. Filep Gy. (1988): Talajkémia. Akadémiai Kiadó. Budapest. Németh K. (1971): Talajvizsgálatok elektromos ultraszűrővel. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 20: 515 p. 356 A
ABSTRACT BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON AN EROSION CATENA B. Szeder 1 , B. Simon 1 , M. Dombos 2 , T. Szegi 1 1 Szent István University, Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, 2103 Gödöllő, Páter K. u. 1. Hungary 2 Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Budapest, Herman O. U. 15. Hungary, Biological investigations were carried out on an erosion catena on Szent István University Experimental Farm, north central Hungary. Four soil profiles (Chernozems and Calcisols) were examined in detail for the general physical, chemical parameters. The aim was to find out quantitative relationship between the physical and the biological (and biochemical) degradation processes. The level of physical degradation was expressed by the moisture retention capacity and the depth of humus rich horizon. The degradation of soil fauna was examined by the number and the species composition of collembolans along the transect in eleven sampling points. The physical degradation, biochemical and biological parameters showed strong relationship: with increasing erosion and decreasing depth of the humus layers most investigated parameters showed degradation. The number and the abundance of Collembola had significant decreasing tendency with increasing level of degradation. The results suggest that soil degradation, decreasing moisture holding conditions affect strongly the collembolan community. The physical, chemical parameters seemed to be more resistant to changes in soils compared to the biological aspects, thus, it is assumed that the biological parameters can be used as early indicators. Keywords: degradation, biological indicators, Collembola, erosion catena INTRODUCTION Loss of soil organic matter is a global problem related to soils and the environment. Most of the fertile Chernozems of agricultural soils in Hungary developed on calcareous loess. Chernozems have been cultivated for several centuries in Hungary (Stefanovits, 1999). However, most of the Chernozem soils in the country has experienced some kind of soil degradation, including decrease in organic matter, compaction, erosion and/or structural degradation, mainly due to inappropriate land use practices. These degradation processes are generally accompained by biological degradation, i.e. loss of species richness. Soil fauna is essential in the decomposition processes of biomass, synthesis of humus, mixing soil particles, development of soil structure and it influences several other soil characteristics that determine normal soil functions. Soil degradation processes influence the composition, population size and activity of the soil fauna (Larsen, 2004; Bíró, 2005; Veisz, 2004). Soil quality can be evaluated by using several soil parameters, depending on the scale and objective of the evaluation. These parameters can be, for instance, the soil organic matter and soil aggregate stability (Gardi et al., 2002). In case of an erosion risk, soil quality can be characterized by using different parameters, such as organic matter content, aggregate stability, and enzyme activities. However, these parameters 357
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Joint Inte
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CONTENTS INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FERT
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THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUPPLY, LIMI
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THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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PREFACE With the general aims to co
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For a better knowledge of applicati
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pH values pH values 8 6 pH values 6
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In the preluvosoil conditions the m
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REFERENCES Bedo, Z.- Lang, L. (1977
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mean (fixed, i.e. systematic effect
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29% in the first 15 years of the ex
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Table 2. Variance and regression pa
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The b = 1.7 value recorded for Trea
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THE IMPACT OF PLANT BREEDING ON SEE
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modified pedigree breeding method,
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“Rigel” seed multiplication com
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The benefits of the cultivars bred
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ABSTRACT SOME LESSONS LEARNED FROM
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about 100 m above sea-level with ye
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Table 3: Effect of treatments on so
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ammoniumlactate-soluble P2O5 and K2
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MODIS NDVI data from the Terra and
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NDVI 0,8 0,75 0,7 0,65 0,6 0,55 0,5
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The a*cos(2π*i/12) periodic compon
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RAINFALL, FERTILIZATION AND LIMING
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1999 to 2006. The main experiment
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Jolánkai M. (2005): Effect of clim
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classified according to the soil te
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Relatív termés (100 NP/NPK), % 3.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study was fina
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Table 2. The oldest and most import
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plan of the uniform countrywide fie
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• The effect of climate change ca
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MATERIALS AND METHODS An organic an
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TOC % 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 bc b
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The much better performance of the
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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION IN LONG-TER
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Carbon-dioxide and nitrous-oxide sa
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Nitrous-oxide emission Nitrous-oxid
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CH BC N2O = - 8,839 + 0,6904 * Mois
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INFLUENCES OF AMELIORATIVE FERTILIZ
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samples were measured by the ICP-AE
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Table 3. Influences of ameliorative
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Egner, H., Riehm, H., Domingo, W.R.
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To resolve genetics of grain qualit
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Table 2. Average values of analyzed
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CROP ROTATION AND GREEN MANURE INFL
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Organic Chemical Chemical fertiliza
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Influence of the crop rotation and
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REFERENCES 1. Budoi Gh., Penescu A.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimen
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average of watered treatments resul
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Table 4: Changes in soil properties
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epetitions, where the main treatmen
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that usually conventional tillage h
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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE
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Crop rotation Water regime Water re
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conditions. The values, registered
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CRISANA -THE FIRST ROMANIAN WHEAT V
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In addition, we used recurent selec
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Table 2: The root length of some wh
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Table 5: Productions and quality re
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EXPERIMENTS WITH PERENNIAL RYE (SEC
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green mass (6,8-7 t/ha/year dry mas
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REFERENCES Kotvics G. (1963): A Sec
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een shown to cause leucoencephaloma
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Marasas, W.F.O., Kellerman, W.C.A,
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minerals (Čuvanová et al. 2006).
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01/2). For the latest periods (fatt
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1. GENERAL APPROACH TO EUROREGIONAL
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Association - fig. 2), on the other
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communication between the two assoc
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The juridical settlement of the Bih
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EFFECT OF BORON FERTILIZATION ON AN
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3. Examinations of fruit quality Fo
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Fruit density was increased applyin
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Wills, R. B. H. - Lim, J. S. K. - G
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Nosticzius, 1992). Among these, soi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The dry mat
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The amount of nitrogen uptake by th
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ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUP
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exactly known due to the size of th
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Table 3: Dry matter production of p
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more definite in the non limed trea
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compare these levels with the Europ
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Table 3. Natural occurrence of myco
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CORRELATIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
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1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200
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Table 3: Land use/ha 1960 1970 1980
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RIDING TOURISM IN THE NORTHERN GREA
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visitors belonging to all types of
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Concerning the weather long autumn
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2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 6
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technical supervision of the Debrec
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TISSUE CULTURE METHODS FOR SCREENIN
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symptoms could be observable in the
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experiments the other clones and we
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Shoot culture
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that callus induction and developme
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COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN A SEVE
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Table 1: Mean squares of GCA and SC
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combination. We could not obtained
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SUSTAINABLE LAND-USE BASED ON WESTS
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green manure treatment, where lupin
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In Westsik's crop rotation experime
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Crop rotation breaks the weed and i
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The reliability of the method was c
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The increased phosphorus rates incr
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REFERENCES Basha S.M, Roberts R.M (
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Sandy soils w
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AL soluble Ca (mg/kg) 350 300 250 2
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gradually from soils containing 100
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agriculture in Hungary, especially
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according to the treatments. Obtain
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Table 4: Results of regression anal
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From obtained data, it can be estab
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Tops soil (0-30 cm) samples were ta
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Table 5: Impact fertilizing and lim
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COMPOSTED SLAUGHTERHOUSE BY-PRODUCT
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The mature compost became friable,
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maximal yield could be reached at 5
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unfavourable years. 100-200 t/ha do
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THE EFFECT OF BENTONITE ON SPECIFIC
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RESULTS The effect of treatments on
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dosages significantly reduced the a
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DISCUSSION In our experiments, we f
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INVESTIGATION OF MINERAL CONTENT IN
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Element Ammonium-nitrate Superphosp
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According to our results, the effec
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REFERENCES Debreczeni, B., Debrecze
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micronutrient soil tests for many y
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LE and KCl-EDTA extracted similar a
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Table 4. Correlation coefficient be
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YIELD OF RYE AS AFFECTED BY THE CRO
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Table 2: Mean temperature at Nyíre
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It was found that either way of app
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2 The main modification properties
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4 Table 2: Percent of alfalfa and-
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THE IMPORTANCE OF LONG-TERM FIELD E
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essential to the determination of t
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The comparison of the nutrient cont
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environment for three years, then t
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PC 2 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 V2 V5
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Figure 2: Genetic similarity among
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Frenot, Y., Aubry, M., Misset, M. T
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Three foliar fertilizations were do
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CONCLUSIONS The rigorous experiment
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some pathogen agents, a chemical an
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� The pH decrease in the greenhou
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RESULTS AND DISSCUSSIONS 1. The pro
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may employ (wheat) flour produced f
Page 305 and 306: For the conditions in from Western
Page 307 and 308: Yield losses millet hay (%) 80 70 6
Page 309 and 310: - 0,6093) and extremely significant
Page 311 and 312: CONCLUSIONS The experimental field
Page 313 and 314: Evaluation of effect of fertilizati
Page 315 and 316: Table 3: Dry matter content of pars
Page 317 and 318: On sandy soil, the total N content
Page 319 and 320: THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
Page 321 and 322: Bacillus megatherium soil bacteria,
Page 323 and 324: N content of plant: Studying the ni
Page 325 and 326: chernozem soil in all pots either.
Page 327 and 328: THE INFLUENCE OF USING BIOLOGICAL A
Page 329 and 330: 2. The influence of using inoculant
Page 331 and 332: Table 3: The evolution of weight ga
Page 333 and 334: REFERENCES 4. Anon D.L. (1997): - S
Page 335 and 336: chernozem represents the dominant s
Page 337 and 338: AD% AD% 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 T
Page 339 and 340: Negative reaction was recorded in t
Page 341 and 342: The Tentant variety positively reac
Page 343 and 344: Table 1. The density of harmful pes
Page 345 and 346: vegetation period, without affectin
Page 347 and 348: THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTROLLING FORMA
Page 349 and 350: 3:1 to 5:3 . In the following exper
Page 351 and 352: REFERENCES 1. Bartzokas, C. A., K.
Page 353 and 354: For micro-elements, EDTA+KCl 15 tim
Page 355: Ca CO3(%) = AL − Cax2,5 10000 EDT
Page 359 and 360: profiles were typical for catena po
Page 361 and 362: Table 2: Collembola species composi
Page 363 and 364: Larsen, T., P. Schjonning, J. Axels
Page 365 and 366: The alimentary problem has constitu
Page 367 and 368: Table 3. The average annual consump
Page 369 and 370: FROM FARM TO FORK - EVALUATION OF C
Page 371 and 372: we made a deeper vertical sampling
Page 373 and 374: Although the toxic element content
Page 375 and 376: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supp
Page 377 and 378: l/mp 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fig. 3 M
Page 379 and 380: during this period, though not so s
Page 381 and 382: • the pluviometric regime was als
Page 383 and 384: 1. Specific weight was study accord
Page 385 and 386: Table 4. Absolut weight MA g result
Page 387 and 388: Very significant decrease are in V4
Page 389 and 390: OCEAN DYNAMICS: AIR-SEA INTERFACE G
Page 391 and 392: ∂ C Φ = - ε (3) ∂z where Φ i
Page 393 and 394: n = - 1 ⁄ 2 [1]-[4]. The later mo
Page 395 and 396: elucidated yet. We must also imply
Page 397 and 398: RESEARCHES ON THE QUICK METHOD OF S
Page 399 and 400: SU8 = (Za/QB) - 100; C8 = (Z8/P8) -
Page 401 and 402: There are the following calculation
Page 403 and 404: - preheaters - towards condensation
Page 405 and 406: Circulation speed of the concentrat
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RESEARCH ON SEEDING AGENTS TO EFFEC
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• about 160 porcelain balls havin
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For the crystal mass the following
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WATER DIFFUSION IN BREAD DURING BAK
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RESULTS Temperature distribution: W
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During the chemical changes the por
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CONCLUSIONS The water content in th
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those portions that are not, are no
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Tension: For bread prepared under l
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obscured. It has been stated that r
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THE MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE P
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It was marked with AI the area of t
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mcb [g] mcb [g] mcb [g] 0,040 0,030
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The calculation of engines with spa
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THE VARIATION OF EFFECTIVE POWER AN
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437
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ce [g/kW h] 400.019 350.019 300.019
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THE EFFECT OF THE GENOTYPE AND EXPL
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) The cultures were incubated at cc
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% embryogenic inductio 60 50 40 30
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Table 1 The three way Anova type 3x
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Table 4 The effect of developmental
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was the explant type (the developme
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ABSTRACT COMPARATIVE TESTS FOR SEPA
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Column extraction (Beck, H. and Mat
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Fat Percentage Fat percentage 4.4 4
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HIGHLIGHTING THE STATE OF FRESHNESS
Page 461 and 462:
REFERENCES 1. Eftimie V.M. Particul
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In table 1 the results obtained as
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FORENSIC ASPECTS REGARDING DISASTER
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• depositing the bodies and the e
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FORM NO. 3 ITEM IDENTIFICATION Pers
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- utilised in a biogas processing p
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Viscosity [◦E] 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
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As in any other cyclic, infectious,
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usually incompatible with life or c
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The family doctors must be informed
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2. botulism of inoculation-through
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The repartition of the provenience
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3. The patients hospitalizations mo
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possibility that, due to the chelat
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difference of extinction % 120 100
Page 491 and 492:
Horváth E., Szalai G., Pál m., P
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chlorophyll contents and the values
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Table 1.Estimative mean values for
Page 497 and 498:
TREE GROWTH EQUATIONS IN DIFFERENT
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Image no.1 ImageTool programme was
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Following the results obtained, the
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ms. The placement of the areas was
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Another possible simulated break in
Page 507 and 508:
- distribution after break case 2 y
Page 509 and 510:
THE FREQUENCY OF DAYS WITH DIFFEREN
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200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120
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October, and at higher altitudes (0
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5. The frequency of tropical days r
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At the same time, the genesis of fl
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winter the floods frequency has sma
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% 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 I II III IV V
Page 523 and 524:
RESEARCH REGARDING MAIN CHEMICAL RE
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• Ensuring the juice’ thermal s
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mud which is evacuated out of the p
Page 529 and 530:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus Clea
Page 531 and 532:
THE IMPORTANCE OF VOLATILE N-NITROS
Page 533 and 534:
The fat cooked out of some of the b
Page 535 and 536:
A problem concerning the formation
Page 537 and 538:
Sample 3, found to contain 343 ppb
Page 539 and 540:
LUNG CANCER CAUSED BY SMOKING AND C
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µg/g dry weight). The pulmonary Cd
Page 543 and 544:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus and
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for either TLC or reverse-phase LC
Page 547 and 548:
trigger still other responses. In t
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these general patterns appear to be
Page 551 and 552:
The question of determining a “sa
Page 553 and 554:
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECT
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Figure 3.-Life Cycle of Echinococcu
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that the values are 1 case at 600.0
Page 559 and 560:
Paraclinical data From the laborato
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THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF STERIG
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Column Chromatography Loosely place
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that spot intensity could be regene
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its metabolism by oxidative pathway
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Exposure time weeks 1 2 3 Table 2.
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attempted accommodation to the diet
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series, a dose of 0.5 ppm NDMA was
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At 500 ppb and at all higher doses,
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supernatants by a modified cadmium
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adioimmunoassay and by cadmium satu
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• The intermediary form appears b
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sex. In fact, there are no data in
Page 585 and 586:
SOME ASPECTS OF SHELTER REGENERATIO
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In the following lines it is presen
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Număr de arbori 160 140 120 100 80
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Analysing the data presented in the
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WASTEWATER TREATMENT TEHNOLOGIES OF
Page 595 and 596:
As a result of the comparisons betw
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CONCLUSIONS Anaerobe-aerobe treatme
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REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT USING CONSTRUC
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characterized by marshy plants like
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watersurface, but their roots are t
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• Which of the heavy metals that
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Figure 2 shows that Cd also is conc
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