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Jászberényi, I. – Loch, J. – Sarkadi, J. (1994): Experiences with 0.01 M CaCl2 as an extraction reagent for use as a soil testing procedure in Hungary – Comm. Soil Sci. vol. 25 1771-1777 pp. Nagy P.T. (2000): Égetéses elven működő elemanalizátor alkalmazhatósága talaj- és növényvizsgálatokban. Agrokémia és Talajtan. Tom. 49. No. 3-4. 521-534. 326
THE INFLUENCE OF USING BIOLOGICAL ADDITIVES ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITIES OF CORN SILAGE AND ON THE FATTENING PERFORMANCES OF BULL CALVES Daniel Mierlita; I. Chereji; Cristina Maerescu University of Oradea, Romania, 26, Magheru Street, Oradea; ABSTRACT Ensiling corn by using a biological additive based on homofermentative lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum + Pediococcus pentosaceus) ensures, by comparison with natural fermentation, a forage with higher nutritional qualities, with a lower pH (acid), a lower content of ammoniacal N and raw cellulose and more undegraded protein. The use of corn silage treated with inoculant in the food of young bull calves intended for fattening, has ensured a significant growth in weight gain, DM consumption and degree of the food’s capitalization, as opposed to the lot which received naturally fermented forage in the rations. Thus by using inoculant to ensile corn, the period of fattening was decreased by 26 days and 82 kg of concentrates and 120 kg of corn silage were saved. The biological additive used for the ensiling has not influenced the output of slaughtering, but it has led to the increase of the muscle area, which is positively correlated with the proportion of superior quality meat in the carcass. Keywords: corn silage, inoculants, fattening up bull calves. INTRODUCTION For fattening up young bulls, using fermented forage (especially corn) represents the most efficient form of feeding, taken into account the technical and economical advantages that it provides (Halga, 2005). The process of ensiling the forage depends on the dominance of the lactic acid bacteria over the rest of the microflora, which, in anaerobic conditions, increase the acidity of the environment, thus reducing the competition between microorganisms. The efficiency of the ensiling process is given by the way in which sugars are fermented in acid and by how the altering processes determined by the clostridium bacteria (butyric acid bacteria) are avoided (Woolford- 2004). It is important that the decrease of pH in the ensiled forage be done as quickly as possible (during the first 2-3 days) in order to avoid the degradation and loss of the protein (Webb, 1998). During the uncontrolled processes of fermenting the silage, 45% of the protein is decomposed up to NH3N (Jones, 1995; 1996). The control of the silage’s fermenting was accomplished by using inorganic acids for a long time (sulfuric, phosphoric and hydrochloric acids) or external organic acids (formic and propionic), which had a series of negative effects in the short run (ruminal and metabolic acidoses, ruminal parakeratosis) but especially in the long run, materialized usually in the reduction of fertility as an effect of the acids collecting the microelements (Suttle, 1998). At the present time, because of modern biotechnologies, the guiding of silage fermentation is performed by using biological additives that contain selected strains of lactic acid bacteria, especially lactobacillus, or lactic acid bacteria and enzymes (cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase). In the USA only the 327
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Joint Inte
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CONTENTS INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FERT
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THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUPPLY, LIMI
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THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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PREFACE With the general aims to co
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For a better knowledge of applicati
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pH values pH values 8 6 pH values 6
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In the preluvosoil conditions the m
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REFERENCES Bedo, Z.- Lang, L. (1977
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mean (fixed, i.e. systematic effect
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29% in the first 15 years of the ex
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Table 2. Variance and regression pa
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The b = 1.7 value recorded for Trea
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THE IMPACT OF PLANT BREEDING ON SEE
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modified pedigree breeding method,
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“Rigel” seed multiplication com
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The benefits of the cultivars bred
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ABSTRACT SOME LESSONS LEARNED FROM
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about 100 m above sea-level with ye
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Table 3: Effect of treatments on so
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ammoniumlactate-soluble P2O5 and K2
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MODIS NDVI data from the Terra and
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NDVI 0,8 0,75 0,7 0,65 0,6 0,55 0,5
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The a*cos(2π*i/12) periodic compon
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RAINFALL, FERTILIZATION AND LIMING
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1999 to 2006. The main experiment
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Jolánkai M. (2005): Effect of clim
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classified according to the soil te
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Relatív termés (100 NP/NPK), % 3.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study was fina
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Table 2. The oldest and most import
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plan of the uniform countrywide fie
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• The effect of climate change ca
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MATERIALS AND METHODS An organic an
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TOC % 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 bc b
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The much better performance of the
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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION IN LONG-TER
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Carbon-dioxide and nitrous-oxide sa
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Nitrous-oxide emission Nitrous-oxid
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CH BC N2O = - 8,839 + 0,6904 * Mois
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INFLUENCES OF AMELIORATIVE FERTILIZ
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samples were measured by the ICP-AE
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Table 3. Influences of ameliorative
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Egner, H., Riehm, H., Domingo, W.R.
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To resolve genetics of grain qualit
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Table 2. Average values of analyzed
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CROP ROTATION AND GREEN MANURE INFL
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Organic Chemical Chemical fertiliza
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Influence of the crop rotation and
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REFERENCES 1. Budoi Gh., Penescu A.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimen
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average of watered treatments resul
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Table 4: Changes in soil properties
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epetitions, where the main treatmen
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that usually conventional tillage h
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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE
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Crop rotation Water regime Water re
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conditions. The values, registered
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CRISANA -THE FIRST ROMANIAN WHEAT V
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In addition, we used recurent selec
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Table 2: The root length of some wh
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Table 5: Productions and quality re
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EXPERIMENTS WITH PERENNIAL RYE (SEC
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green mass (6,8-7 t/ha/year dry mas
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REFERENCES Kotvics G. (1963): A Sec
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een shown to cause leucoencephaloma
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Marasas, W.F.O., Kellerman, W.C.A,
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minerals (Čuvanová et al. 2006).
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01/2). For the latest periods (fatt
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1. GENERAL APPROACH TO EUROREGIONAL
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Association - fig. 2), on the other
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communication between the two assoc
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The juridical settlement of the Bih
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EFFECT OF BORON FERTILIZATION ON AN
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3. Examinations of fruit quality Fo
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Fruit density was increased applyin
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Wills, R. B. H. - Lim, J. S. K. - G
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Nosticzius, 1992). Among these, soi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The dry mat
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The amount of nitrogen uptake by th
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ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN SUP
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exactly known due to the size of th
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Table 3: Dry matter production of p
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more definite in the non limed trea
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compare these levels with the Europ
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Table 3. Natural occurrence of myco
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CORRELATIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
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1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200
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Table 3: Land use/ha 1960 1970 1980
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RIDING TOURISM IN THE NORTHERN GREA
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visitors belonging to all types of
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Concerning the weather long autumn
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2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 6
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technical supervision of the Debrec
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TISSUE CULTURE METHODS FOR SCREENIN
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symptoms could be observable in the
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experiments the other clones and we
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Shoot culture
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that callus induction and developme
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COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN A SEVE
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Table 1: Mean squares of GCA and SC
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combination. We could not obtained
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SUSTAINABLE LAND-USE BASED ON WESTS
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green manure treatment, where lupin
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In Westsik's crop rotation experime
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Crop rotation breaks the weed and i
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The reliability of the method was c
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The increased phosphorus rates incr
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REFERENCES Basha S.M, Roberts R.M (
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Sandy soils w
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AL soluble Ca (mg/kg) 350 300 250 2
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gradually from soils containing 100
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agriculture in Hungary, especially
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according to the treatments. Obtain
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Table 4: Results of regression anal
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From obtained data, it can be estab
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Tops soil (0-30 cm) samples were ta
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Table 5: Impact fertilizing and lim
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COMPOSTED SLAUGHTERHOUSE BY-PRODUCT
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The mature compost became friable,
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maximal yield could be reached at 5
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unfavourable years. 100-200 t/ha do
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THE EFFECT OF BENTONITE ON SPECIFIC
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RESULTS The effect of treatments on
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dosages significantly reduced the a
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DISCUSSION In our experiments, we f
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INVESTIGATION OF MINERAL CONTENT IN
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Element Ammonium-nitrate Superphosp
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According to our results, the effec
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REFERENCES Debreczeni, B., Debrecze
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micronutrient soil tests for many y
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LE and KCl-EDTA extracted similar a
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Table 4. Correlation coefficient be
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YIELD OF RYE AS AFFECTED BY THE CRO
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Table 2: Mean temperature at Nyíre
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It was found that either way of app
Page 275 and 276: 2 The main modification properties
Page 277 and 278: 4 Table 2: Percent of alfalfa and-
Page 279 and 280: THE IMPORTANCE OF LONG-TERM FIELD E
Page 281 and 282: essential to the determination of t
Page 283 and 284: The comparison of the nutrient cont
Page 285 and 286: environment for three years, then t
Page 287 and 288: PC 2 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 V2 V5
Page 289 and 290: Figure 2: Genetic similarity among
Page 291 and 292: Frenot, Y., Aubry, M., Misset, M. T
Page 293 and 294: Three foliar fertilizations were do
Page 295 and 296: CONCLUSIONS The rigorous experiment
Page 297 and 298: some pathogen agents, a chemical an
Page 299 and 300: � The pH decrease in the greenhou
Page 301 and 302: RESULTS AND DISSCUSSIONS 1. The pro
Page 303 and 304: may employ (wheat) flour produced f
Page 305 and 306: For the conditions in from Western
Page 307 and 308: Yield losses millet hay (%) 80 70 6
Page 309 and 310: - 0,6093) and extremely significant
Page 311 and 312: CONCLUSIONS The experimental field
Page 313 and 314: Evaluation of effect of fertilizati
Page 315 and 316: Table 3: Dry matter content of pars
Page 317 and 318: On sandy soil, the total N content
Page 319 and 320: THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOFE
Page 321 and 322: Bacillus megatherium soil bacteria,
Page 323 and 324: N content of plant: Studying the ni
Page 325: chernozem soil in all pots either.
Page 329 and 330: 2. The influence of using inoculant
Page 331 and 332: Table 3: The evolution of weight ga
Page 333 and 334: REFERENCES 4. Anon D.L. (1997): - S
Page 335 and 336: chernozem represents the dominant s
Page 337 and 338: AD% AD% 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 T
Page 339 and 340: Negative reaction was recorded in t
Page 341 and 342: The Tentant variety positively reac
Page 343 and 344: Table 1. The density of harmful pes
Page 345 and 346: vegetation period, without affectin
Page 347 and 348: THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTROLLING FORMA
Page 349 and 350: 3:1 to 5:3 . In the following exper
Page 351 and 352: REFERENCES 1. Bartzokas, C. A., K.
Page 353 and 354: For micro-elements, EDTA+KCl 15 tim
Page 355 and 356: Ca CO3(%) = AL − Cax2,5 10000 EDT
Page 357 and 358: ABSTRACT BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION O
Page 359 and 360: profiles were typical for catena po
Page 361 and 362: Table 2: Collembola species composi
Page 363 and 364: Larsen, T., P. Schjonning, J. Axels
Page 365 and 366: The alimentary problem has constitu
Page 367 and 368: Table 3. The average annual consump
Page 369 and 370: FROM FARM TO FORK - EVALUATION OF C
Page 371 and 372: we made a deeper vertical sampling
Page 373 and 374: Although the toxic element content
Page 375 and 376: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supp
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l/mp 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fig. 3 M
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during this period, though not so s
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• the pluviometric regime was als
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1. Specific weight was study accord
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Table 4. Absolut weight MA g result
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Very significant decrease are in V4
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OCEAN DYNAMICS: AIR-SEA INTERFACE G
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∂ C Φ = - ε (3) ∂z where Φ i
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n = - 1 ⁄ 2 [1]-[4]. The later mo
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elucidated yet. We must also imply
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RESEARCHES ON THE QUICK METHOD OF S
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SU8 = (Za/QB) - 100; C8 = (Z8/P8) -
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There are the following calculation
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- preheaters - towards condensation
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Circulation speed of the concentrat
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RESEARCH ON SEEDING AGENTS TO EFFEC
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• about 160 porcelain balls havin
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For the crystal mass the following
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WATER DIFFUSION IN BREAD DURING BAK
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RESULTS Temperature distribution: W
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During the chemical changes the por
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CONCLUSIONS The water content in th
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those portions that are not, are no
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Tension: For bread prepared under l
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obscured. It has been stated that r
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THE MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE P
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It was marked with AI the area of t
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mcb [g] mcb [g] mcb [g] 0,040 0,030
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The calculation of engines with spa
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THE VARIATION OF EFFECTIVE POWER AN
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437
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ce [g/kW h] 400.019 350.019 300.019
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THE EFFECT OF THE GENOTYPE AND EXPL
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) The cultures were incubated at cc
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% embryogenic inductio 60 50 40 30
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Table 1 The three way Anova type 3x
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Table 4 The effect of developmental
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was the explant type (the developme
Page 453 and 454:
ABSTRACT COMPARATIVE TESTS FOR SEPA
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Column extraction (Beck, H. and Mat
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Fat Percentage Fat percentage 4.4 4
Page 459 and 460:
HIGHLIGHTING THE STATE OF FRESHNESS
Page 461 and 462:
REFERENCES 1. Eftimie V.M. Particul
Page 463 and 464:
In table 1 the results obtained as
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FORENSIC ASPECTS REGARDING DISASTER
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• depositing the bodies and the e
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FORM NO. 3 ITEM IDENTIFICATION Pers
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- utilised in a biogas processing p
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Viscosity [◦E] 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
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As in any other cyclic, infectious,
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usually incompatible with life or c
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The family doctors must be informed
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2. botulism of inoculation-through
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The repartition of the provenience
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3. The patients hospitalizations mo
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possibility that, due to the chelat
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difference of extinction % 120 100
Page 491 and 492:
Horváth E., Szalai G., Pál m., P
Page 493 and 494:
chlorophyll contents and the values
Page 495 and 496:
Table 1.Estimative mean values for
Page 497 and 498:
TREE GROWTH EQUATIONS IN DIFFERENT
Page 499 and 500:
Image no.1 ImageTool programme was
Page 501 and 502:
Following the results obtained, the
Page 503 and 504:
ms. The placement of the areas was
Page 505 and 506:
Another possible simulated break in
Page 507 and 508:
- distribution after break case 2 y
Page 509 and 510:
THE FREQUENCY OF DAYS WITH DIFFEREN
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200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120
Page 513 and 514:
October, and at higher altitudes (0
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5. The frequency of tropical days r
Page 517 and 518:
At the same time, the genesis of fl
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winter the floods frequency has sma
Page 521 and 522:
% 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 I II III IV V
Page 523 and 524:
RESEARCH REGARDING MAIN CHEMICAL RE
Page 525 and 526:
• Ensuring the juice’ thermal s
Page 527 and 528:
mud which is evacuated out of the p
Page 529 and 530:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus Clea
Page 531 and 532:
THE IMPORTANCE OF VOLATILE N-NITROS
Page 533 and 534:
The fat cooked out of some of the b
Page 535 and 536:
A problem concerning the formation
Page 537 and 538:
Sample 3, found to contain 343 ppb
Page 539 and 540:
LUNG CANCER CAUSED BY SMOKING AND C
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µg/g dry weight). The pulmonary Cd
Page 543 and 544:
MATERIALS AND METHOD Apparatus and
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for either TLC or reverse-phase LC
Page 547 and 548:
trigger still other responses. In t
Page 549 and 550:
these general patterns appear to be
Page 551 and 552:
The question of determining a “sa
Page 553 and 554:
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Page 555 and 556:
Figure 3.-Life Cycle of Echinococcu
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that the values are 1 case at 600.0
Page 559 and 560:
Paraclinical data From the laborato
Page 561 and 562:
THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF STERIG
Page 563 and 564:
Column Chromatography Loosely place
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that spot intensity could be regene
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its metabolism by oxidative pathway
Page 569 and 570:
Exposure time weeks 1 2 3 Table 2.
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attempted accommodation to the diet
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series, a dose of 0.5 ppm NDMA was
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At 500 ppb and at all higher doses,
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supernatants by a modified cadmium
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adioimmunoassay and by cadmium satu
Page 581 and 582:
• The intermediary form appears b
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sex. In fact, there are no data in
Page 585 and 586:
SOME ASPECTS OF SHELTER REGENERATIO
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In the following lines it is presen
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Număr de arbori 160 140 120 100 80
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Analysing the data presented in the
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WASTEWATER TREATMENT TEHNOLOGIES OF
Page 595 and 596:
As a result of the comparisons betw
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CONCLUSIONS Anaerobe-aerobe treatme
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REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT USING CONSTRUC
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characterized by marshy plants like
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watersurface, but their roots are t
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• Which of the heavy metals that
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Figure 2 shows that Cd also is conc
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