Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

METHODS AND MEASURES FOR AN AGROCHEMICAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE GREENHOUSE
SOIL AT THE TOMATOES CULTURE
Popa Alina Grigoriţa
University of Oradea, Faculty of Enviromental Protection
ABSTRACT
The suggested subject represents a synthesis of the methods for agrochemical optimization
of greenhouse soil cultivated with tomatoes, included in the doctorate thesis called: Agro-
Chemical Optimization of the Soil-Plant System in the Protected Space Cultivation
Technologies of the Tomatoes
The optimization of the content of greenhouse soil cultivated with tomatoes in organic
matter constitutes an essential objective, because an optimized agrochemical support
prevents and reduces some disturbing factors as: salinity-salinization, acidity-acidification,
toxicity of other ions, polluting effects.
Key words: Agrochemical optimization, organic matter, soil reaction, soluble salts,
nutritive elements.
1./ The optimization of the organic matter content from the greenhouse soil at
tomatoes culture
The agrochemical optimization of soils implies a concomitant solving of problems related to
correcting the extreme reaction states and the requests of fertilization
The system of vegetables nutrition in protected areas differs fundamentally from the
vegetables nutrition and fertilization on the field because of certain particularities such as:
� The intensive growth of the vegetal mass, influenced by the environment factors
(temperature, humidity);
� The relation between the aerial part and roots is in great favor of the aerial part;
� Using the soil mixtures with an increased content of organic matter and nutritive
elements, with very diverse physical-chemical characteristics;
� The immobilization of some ions by the organic matter (bore, cuprum, manganese);
� The intense microbiological activity in the soil that favors the development of some
pathogen agents, imposes the taking of some prevention and control measures;
� The possibility to control the environment factors and soil;
� Difficulties in ensuring a nutritive balance in the soil, according to the plant’s age and
metabolism.
Because of the intensive character of the system of greenhouse culture, the application of
organic manure on the basic fertilization is necessary, for obtaining an optimum content of
organic matter in soil, which in fact is the main nutritive support of the culture (Tisdale S.,
1993).
For the greenhouse culture of tomatoes, decomposed manure is used and applied on the
basic fertilization, with about 2 weeks before the seed planting. Because of the presence of
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