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It was found that either way of applying nutrients affected the height of rye. When May
is cool, the amount of rainfall has less influence on the height of rye with farmyard
manure than with other ways of nutrient supply.
The number of rye spikes varies as a function of the ways of nutrient supply. There
was a smaller variation in the number of spikes in treatments where farmyard manure
was applied as compared with the application of green manure or manuring with straw.
However, if weather conditions are unfavorable during the tillering of rye, the number
of spikes will be lower, without respect to the way of nutrient supply.
If the weather is warm and dry in spring and in early-summer there is a great
variation in the length of spikes between rotation regimes with and without nutrient
supply. In case the spring is rainy, there is no difference in the length of spikes between
rotation regimes.
If the weather is warm and dry in spring and in early-summer there is a negative
correlation between spike length and spike number per unit area irrespective to nutrient
supply. In rainy and cool weather this negative correlation may not be evident.
The thousand seed weight was not significantly affected by the method of nutrient
supply, but the effect of the cropyear was evident. Warm weather during flowering and
graining may result in a lower value of thousand seed weight as compared with values
obtained in cool weather. When the weather is cooler in May and June, with sufficient
rainfall at flowering and graining, the thousand seed weight will be high, irrespective to
the way of nutrient supply. Even when the weather is cooler in late spring and early
summer with less-than-average amount of rainfall at graining, a higher value of
thousand seed weight can be expected than in spring with average rainfall and warm
weather. When May and June are cool and rainfall is in excess of the amount that rye
requires, thousand grain weight may be depressed.
Comparing the rotation regimes it turns out that each way of nutrient supply
increased the yield of rye over the rotation regime with no nutrient. In most of the cases,
the use of farmyard manure produced higher yield than manuring with straw or using
green manure. In treatments where straw manure was used, the effect of the cropyear on
the variation of rye yield was smaller than in treatments where farmyard manure or
green manure was used. In case weather conditions are favorable for rye, an outstanding
level of yield can be attained, similarly to the use of farmyard manure.
REFERENCES
Kruppa J. – Szabó M.: Rozs és évelő rozs. In: Növénytermesztéstan 1. Gabonafélék.
2005. Szerk. Jolánkai M., Mezőgazda Kiadó, Budapest, 228-237. p.
Szabó M.: Rozs. In: Szántóföldi növénytermesztés. 1992. Szerk. Bocz E. Mezőgazda
Kiadó, Budapest. 283-292. p.
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