Joint International Conference on Long-term Experiments ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sandy soils were sampled from the „Nyírlugos” long-term field experiment, which were
established in 1962. The “Nyírlugos” LTFE was set up on acidic brown forest soil with
alternating thin layers of clay substance „kovárvány” in the Nyírség region. The main
characteristics of the experimental soils are: pH(KCl) 4.5, humus 0.7%, CEC 5-10
mgeq/100 g in the ploughed layer. The topsoil was poor in all five macronutrients (N, P,
K, Ca, Mg) and the groundwater depth was 2-3 m (Kádár et al., 1999).
The “Nyírlugos” experiment is a long-term small-plot (50m 2 ) fertilization and
liming experiment. The experiment consists of 32 treatments, 4 replications altogether
128 plot experiments. The indicator plant is triticale since 1980.
Fertilization and liming treatments in the experiment were changed several times in
the last few decades but the levels are constant since 1980 (Table 1.).
Table 1: Treatments of LTFE in “Nyírlugos”, since 1980
Treatments (kg/ha/year)
Levels N P2O5 K2O CaCO3 MgCO3
Control - - - - -
1 50 60 60 250 140
2 100 120 120 500 280
3 150 180 180 1000 -
Soil samples were collected from 5 different places in each plot after harvest of triticale,
in August 1998 and 2001.
Collected soil samples are handed and prepared as follows: samples were dried and
drilled. Before grinding, samples were cleaned from plant remains and other possible
dirt, and pass a 2 -mm screen. Finally, samples were stored in plastic boxes in dry place
until the examination.
In our earlier studies, the effects of treatments were described by the 0.01M CaCl2
soluble nutrient contents measured from soils collected in 1998 (Nagy et al., 2002; Loch
et al 2005). In this study, the long term effect of treatments on the average yield (1996-
2004) of triticale (based on the data of Márton (2006)) was described by the pH and AL
soluble Ca and Mg values measured from soils collected in 1998 and 2001.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
1. Effects of treatments on the yield and soil characteristics:
Among N1, N2, N3 treatments only the N1=50kg/ha increased the yield significantly, N2
= 100kg/ha dose held on a level, while N3 =150kg/ha dose caused depression. We
referred (Nagy et al 2002) previously that in case of this treatment the amount of
inorganic N fraction increased. Ammonium-nitrate applied in excess acidifies the soil,
pH decreases, and Ca and Mg leaching into deeper level intensifies.
In N2P1, N2P2, N2P3 treatments the yield increases, phosphorous doses improve the
utilization of N, the acidifying effect of ammonium nitrate decreases, which is proved
by pH values also and leaching of Ca and Mg is also smaller.
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