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In the experiments (Table 1.) we applied the “mean” quantity of digestate, which means
the quantity of it equals the average N-demand of the crop plants, while the high dose
was the digestate containes “mean+30%” nitrogen. The digestate contains much water,
therefore we applied the same quantity of water in the experiment with winter wheat. In
the triticale-experiment we could not use water. No additional fertilizer was applied.
The sowing time was 15.10.2005. for winter wheat cv. ‘Sixtus’ (Triticum aestivum
ssp. vulgare L.) and 05.11.2005. for triticale cv. ‘Versus’ (X Triticosecale Wittm.). The
winter wheat was harvested on 15.07.2006, the triticale on 19.08.2006.
We measured the yield of the crop, physical, chemical and biological parameters of the
soils. One-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s test and T-test were used to determine
treatment effects by SPSS statistical program.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
1./ Winter wheat: Winter wheat is the main cereal crop in Hungary. It is mainly
cultivated on chernozem soils. In the Nyírség region the main cereal crop is rye, which
produces satisfactory yield on sandy soils. Nevertheless, some better sandy soils are
also appropriate for winter wheat production with the subsequent delivery of nutrients
in the large-scale farming systems (Bocz (ed.), 1992). In our experiment the nutrient
supply of the winter wheat was ensured by the digestate. The doses of digestate were
calculated on the N-demand of the crop, based on the literature, and the calculated
amounts were applied to the surface of soil and plants in full, or split in two or three
portions. In the case of good nutrient supply the crop yield of winter wheat is generally
around 6-7 t ha -1 on chernozems and 4-5 t ha -1 on sands. In our experiments the average
crop yield was 3.72 t ha -1 , which is less than the average on sandy soils. The results of
treatments can be seen in Figure 1.
t*ha -1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Winter wheat crop yield
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
No. of treatments
Figure 1: Winter wheat crop yield as affected by the treatments of digestate and
water. Treatments are numbered according to Table 1.
We have not found any significant difference among the treatments on the p