DICTIONARY OF REVIVED PRUSSIAN:

DICTIONARY OF REVIVED PRUSSIAN: DICTIONARY OF REVIVED PRUSSIAN:

donelaitis.vdu.lt
from donelaitis.vdu.lt More from this publisher
04.01.2013 Views

If the language was extinct in the 16 th c., as alleged, what would have been the point of translating M. Luther’s Enchiridion into it in 1561? There are references indicating that Old Prussian was still spoken at the end of the 17 th c. 1 The spread of the name Prussia, as well as a multicultural history of this Baltic land, rich with legends and archaic folk-lore, maintained local and international interest in Baltic Prussians throughout the centuries. In the 1 st half of the 20 th c. pan-Baltic ideas appeared, along with parallel attempts to revive Old Prussian on the basis of attested monuments. This was hindered by the official German state patriotism of the Nazis but after 1945 all autochthons became victims of the genocide and total deportation. In spite of such unfavorable development, the Prussian romanticism became noticeable in the last quarter of the 20 th c., but it gets organized forms nowadays. The first Ethnic Community of Baltic Prussians has been officially registered in Lithuania in 2001. Representatives of Baltic Prussians in Germany are trying to acquire rights of a minority there. The Internet makes it possible to find persons, who regard themselves as Baltic Prussians, in variuos parts of the world. The task emerges to unite dispersed Prussians at least in one virtual world community. At the same time our task is to recover Old Prussian as New Prussian for the needs of all possible Prussian communities. The new situation in Europe encourages Prussians to hope to participate in further development of part of their native land in the region of Kaliningrad, where a Prussian settlement can be created as a World Center for all Prussians. This Center may help current inhabitants of the region to solve the question of their identity, so urgent for them today, as well as to give back to the land its authentic face and thus to integrate all stages of its history. New Prussian must become instrument in rebuilding the mental and cultural grounds for the Prussian ethnic group by creating the Basic Stock of native literature, recoding it into Prussian from the historical local languages, namely, German, Lithuanian and Polish. In this way, the national cultural memory will be restored. The New Prussian language, able to fulfil this task, must be a high-level falsification representing not only the language known since the 16 th c. but also its missing period up to the present, seemingly as if Ideal Prussians have always spoken it during all their history. These Ideal Prussians may be called New Prussians who 1 Gerullis G. Zur Beurteilung des altpreussischen Enchiridions. / Streitberg Festgabe. Leipzig 1924, p. 100; Trautmann R. Die altpreussischen Sprachdenkmäler. Göttingen 1910, p. VIII. 5

have absorbed all influences during all periods of their history including the German influence, similarly as the latter affected Estonians and Latvians in their turn. The grounding has been already completed. Today the Prussian language has been restored grammatically and adapted for modern use lexically in the form of a minimal starting lexicon. Electronic correspondence is taking place in revived Prussian. All this is our Baltic cultural contribution to uniting Europe, which is interested to recall all its cultural-historical components. 2. Recovering Prussian: comparative Linguistics and interlinguistics From the point of view of the grammatical structure and basic lexis, New Prussian is the same Baltic language that is known from 3 Old Prussian Catechisms, which are authentic printed documents of the 16 th c. (1545, 1561). The main basis of the language also includes material from two authentic manuscripts, the Elbing Vocabulary with 802 entries rewritten at the turn of the 13 th / 14 th c., and words from 100-entries Simon Grunau’s Vocabulary from the first quarter of the 16 th c. Because all this material comes from different dialects and is of unequal worth, with many misspellings, misprints, and inconsistent orthography, a scholar must first analyze the spelling and perform a linguistic reconstruction before presenting his own, or of any school, interpretation of the attested texts. The two main tendencies are to interpret them as “spoiled by the German copyists” and as “roughly well corresponding to the spoken language”. I adhere to the opinion of my teacher Professor Vytautas Maþiulis, who considers the texts (except Grunau’s Vocabulary) to be roughly authentic. Such view is not very popular because it demands wider comparative efforts to treat Prussian, a West-Baltic language, as essentially different even in grammatical structure from the well-known East-Baltic Lithuanian and Latvian languages. For a scholar whose native language is not Baltic but who has studied Lithuanian and speaks it, there is a strong temptation to regard attested Prussian as if it has been “spoiled” and to “correct” all forms in a Lithuanian manner with unprovable ad hoc declarations of the kind “This was distorted by a German”, or “This combination always renders the sound [...] in corresponding German spelling”. On the other hand, attested monuments of Old Prussian reflect only a small sphere of its use (mostly religious) even in remote centuries. Ca. 2000 attested words (ca. 1800 attested in documents + geographical names etc.) are not sufficient to 6

If the language was extinct in the 16 th c., as alleged, what would have been the<br />

point of translating M. Luther’s Enchiridion into it in 1561? There are references<br />

indicating that Old Prussian was still spoken at the end of the 17 th c. 1<br />

The spread of the name Prussia, as well as a multicultural history of this Baltic<br />

land, rich with legends and archaic folk-lore, maintained local and international interest<br />

in Baltic Prussians throughout the centuries. In the 1 st half of the 20 th c. pan-Baltic<br />

ideas appeared, along with parallel attempts to revive Old Prussian on the basis of<br />

attested monuments. This was hindered by the official German state patriotism of<br />

the Nazis but after 1945 all autochthons became victims of the genocide and total<br />

deportation. In spite of such unfavorable development, the Prussian romanticism<br />

became noticeable in the last quarter of the 20 th c., but it gets organized forms<br />

nowadays.<br />

The first Ethnic Community of Baltic Prussians has been officially registered<br />

in Lithuania in 2001. Representatives of Baltic Prussians in Germany are trying to<br />

acquire rights of a minority there. The Internet makes it possible to find persons,<br />

who regard themselves as Baltic Prussians, in variuos parts of the world. The task<br />

emerges to unite dispersed Prussians at least in one virtual world community.<br />

At the same time our task is to recover Old Prussian as New Prussian for the<br />

needs of all possible Prussian communities. The new situation in Europe encourages<br />

Prussians to hope to participate in further development of part of their native land in<br />

the region of Kaliningrad, where a Prussian settlement can be created as a World<br />

Center for all Prussians. This Center may help current inhabitants of the region to<br />

solve the question of their identity, so urgent for them today, as well as to give back<br />

to the land its authentic face and thus to integrate all stages of its history. New<br />

Prussian must become instrument in rebuilding the mental and cultural grounds for<br />

the Prussian ethnic group by creating the Basic Stock of native literature, recoding it<br />

into Prussian from the historical local languages, namely, German, Lithuanian and<br />

Polish. In this way, the national cultural memory will be restored.<br />

The New Prussian language, able to fulfil this task, must be a high-level<br />

falsification representing not only the language known since the 16 th c. but also its<br />

missing period up to the present, seemingly as if Ideal Prussians have always spoken<br />

it during all their history. These Ideal Prussians may be called New Prussians who<br />

1 Gerullis G. Zur Beurteilung des altpreussischen Enchiridions. / Streitberg Festgabe. Leipzig<br />

1924, p. 100; Trautmann R. Die altpreussischen Sprachdenkmäler. Göttingen 1910, p. VIII.<br />

5

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!