Avenches – Roman Museum – Permanent Exhibition

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First Floor Rome and Aventicum The Emperor, the Imperial Family and the Province 12. Antoninianus, Tetricus I (AD 271 – 274). 13. Antoninianus, Aurelian (AD 270 – 275). 14. Follis, Diocletianus (AD 284 – 305). 15. A loaf of bread costs 1 as. 16-18. An oil lamp costs 2 as ( = 1 dupondius = 1/2 sestertius). 19-20. A goblet costs 1 as. 21. As, reverse depicting the personification of Money holding scales. 22. Coin balance with predetermined weight, Julio-Claudian period. 23. Denarius, silver, Augustus (27 BC – AD 14). 24. Official denarius, silver (with a Z-shaped mint mark), Tiberius. 25. Denarius, counterfeit, silver-plated copper, Nero (1). 26. Denarius, counterfeit, silver-plated copper, Domitian. 27. Denarius, cast counterfeit, alloy with low silver content. 28. Sesterce, counterfeit, copper (?)-plated iron, Marcus Aurelius. 29. Dupondius or as, counterfeit, copper (?)-plated iron, Marcus Aurelius for Faustina the Younger. 30-36. Isolated finds from archaeological excavations. 37-42. Contents of a purse: 6 sesterces. 43. Hoard (?) of denarii. 44. Moneybox, 2nd century AD (2). Rome and Aventicum (Display cases 16-18) The Emperor, the Imperial Family and the Province Rome exercised its power and influence over its territory in various ways. A rigorous organisation ensured the administration of the provinces. In general, the official language (Latin in the West, Greek in the East), legislation, monetary and fiscal systems as well as standard measures and weights were imposed upon the provinces. Loyalty and obedience towards Rome and the emperor were expected. The Latin term urbs, originally just the Latin word for “town”, was synonymous for Rome, the capital of the Empire. It is often represented by the she-wolf feeding the twins Romulus and Remus, the emblem illustrating the myth of the foundation of the capital. The power of the emperor and his family became very apparent in the imperial cult (display case 17, no. 6), introduced by Augustus. The living emperor was considered to be divine. At Aventicum the imperial cult was probably celebrated in the Cigognier sanctuary where the gold bust of Marcus Aurelius was found. Images of the emperor and of members of his family were present in the form of statues 1 2 33 First Floor 15 16 17 18
First Floor Rome and Aventicum The Emperor, the Imperial Family and the Province and busts throughout the town. However, only a few examples have survived. While certain portraits can clearly be identified (Marcus Aurelius, Agrippina the Elder), this is not the case for others (display case 17, nos. 1-5). The emperor could be represented naked like a god, wearing a toga like a philosopher or in armour as the most senior general in the army. The image of the emperor was omnipresent on coins and medallions thus guaranteeing their authenticity (display case 17, nos. 11-23). Coins were a means of propaganda not only to convey the portrait of the ruler, but also to remind the population of political or family events as well as to spread moral and political values (display case 17, nos. 24-33). The imperial family also played a role in the economy. They owned quarries, vineyards and estates producing olive oil, for instance. The lead medallion bearing the portrait of Antonia the Younger (display case 17, no. 7), mother of the emperor Claudius, probably belonged to a seal from a shipment of goods that was under imperial protection. Display case 16 1. Dedication to the educator of an emperor: [D(is)] M(anibus) Pomp(eiae)Gemell[(ae) Pomp(eia) Dic[a]ea l(iberta) et Primu[l]ia s(erva) educat(ricis) [A]ug(usti)n(ostri) « To the Manes Gods. The manumitted Pompeia Diacaea and slave Primulia (erected this monument) to Pompeia Gemella, educator of our Emperor » This is probably a funerary inscription for the educator of the emperor Titus (AD 70 – 81). Second half of the 1st century AD. Catalogue of inscriptions: no. 3. Display case 17 1-5. Fragments of a bronze statue probably representing the emperor Hadrian (AD 117 – 138) wearing armour. First half 2nd century AD. 6. Votive bronze plaque dedicated to Mars Caisivus: Mart[i] Caisiv[o] Pomp(onius or -eius ? ) Optatus fl(amen)Aug(usti) {e}x stip(e) « To Mars Caisivus. Pomponius (?), Optatus, priest of the imperial cult, had this (statuette?) made after having collected funds » This plaque was certainly linked to an offering dedicated to Mars Caisivus by a priest of the imperial cult. 1st – 3rd centuries AD. Catalogue of inscriptions: no. 23. 7. Portrait of Antonia the Younger (36 BC – AD 37), mother of the emperor Claudius (AD 41 – 54). Lead plaque. 8. Portrait of the emperor Hadrian (AD 117 – 138). Roman period reworking of a bronze coin into a medallion (1). 9. Portrait of the emperor Commodus (AD 180 – 192). Bronze medallion (2). 10. Portrait of a princess? Medallion in cast glass (3). 1 2 3 34 First Floor 16 17
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Page 5 and 6: Ground Floor - Introduction Switzer
Page 7 and 8: Ground Floor - Introduction Chronol
Page 9 and 10: Ground Floor The Gallo-Roman Popula
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Page 21 and 22: Ground Floor Miscellaneous 31. Lime
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Page 29 and 30: First Floor Theatre, Games and Musi
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Page 39 and 40: First Floor Religion Roman Religion
Page 41 and 42: First Floor Religion Roman Religion
Page 43 and 44: First Floor Religion The Local Gods
Page 45 and 46: First Floor From Late Antiquity to
Page 47 and 48: Second Floor Clothes and Jewellery
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Page 55 and 56: Second Floor Protective Gods of the
Page 57 and 58: Second Floor Kitchen and Tableware
Page 59 and 60: Second Floor Food The Table of the
Page 61: Second Floor Food Types of Tablewar

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