Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ...
Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ... Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ...
Joint Congressional Committee, Pearl Harbor Attack: Part 1 653 A cartoon by C.D. Batchelor published in the same issue portrayed Japanese Prime Minister Tojo in the garb of a town-crier marching through the streets of Washington with a sandwich board reading, “We are going to attack early in December. Please don’t tell Kimmel and Short,” signed “TOJO.” Below the cartoon the words: “Th ey didn’t.” Th e TOP SECRET documents that Barkley gave the press introduced to the public still more evidence of warnings received in Washington in advance of the Japanese attack—the deadlines the Japanese had fi xed for serious negotiations with the United States to end, a December 3 intercept reporting that the Japanese were destroying their codes and code machines, and the U.S. Navy’s interception on December 4 of the Japanese “Winds Execute” indicating “War with England, war with America, peace with Russia.” 121 Marshall is Asked about “Winds Code” Mentioned in APHB Report Marshall returned to the hearings after meeting with Truman. His questioning continued with Representative Keefe, a tall man with broad shoulders, a lawyer with a deep voice when he wanted to use it. He interrogated Marshall vigorously, introducing into the record a great deal of information previously missed. He did not let the general evade responsibility for the failure to respond to Short’s inadequate sabotage alert, or for his unexplained unavailability during the evening of December 6 and the early morning hours of December 7. 122 When Marshall took the witness seat on Th ursday, December 13, Senator Lucas asked about the “Winds Code,” which had been mentioned in the APHB documents just released. Had 121 Ibid., pp. 1443–97. 122 Ibid., pp. 1421–22, 1429–30.
654 Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy Marshall ever seen “any message . . . implementing this winds code message?” Marshall replied: “Not to my knowledge.” 123 Finally, at noon, after each member had another chance to question him, the committee fi nished its interrogation of Marshall, released him, and he was free to fl y to Chungking. 124 General Miles Recalls the “Pilot Message;” General Marshall Does Not After Marshall had completed his testimony, Miles took the stand once more. Ferguson again asked him about the “Pilot Message,” Japan’s announcement that her response to the U.S. “ultimatum” was en route. Th is time Miles replied that “to the best of my knowledge and belief it was in the Saturday afternoon locked pouch among several other messages, which you will fi nd were translated on that day, and that it did go to General Marshall. He does not remember seeing it.” 125 Th at was as far as Miles would go toward contradicting Marshall. Pearl Harbor Hearings, Scheduled to Last Four Weeks, to be Extended with New Counsel and Staff Th e Congressional Committee had begun its hearings November 15. General Counsel Mitchell and his chief assistant, Gesell, had expected to do most of the selection and questioning of witnesses, with the committee members observing and asking only occasional questions. However, public interest in the investigation was intense, and the members discovered many points to probe. Th e Republican members especially, Mitchell said, had 123 Ibid., p. 1507. 124 Ibid., p. 1541. 125 Ibid., p. 1555.
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Joint Congressional Committee, <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong> Attack: Part 1 653<br />
A cartoon by C.D. Batchelor published in the same issue portrayed<br />
Japanese Prime Minister Tojo in the garb <strong>of</strong> a town-crier<br />
marching through the streets <strong>of</strong> Washington with a s<strong>and</strong>wich<br />
board reading, “We are going to attack early in December. Please<br />
don’t tell Kimmel <strong>and</strong> Short,” signed “TOJO.” Below the cartoon<br />
the words: “Th ey didn’t.”<br />
Th e TOP SECRET documents that Barkley gave the press<br />
introduced to the public still more evidence <strong>of</strong> warnings received<br />
in Washington in advance <strong>of</strong> the Japanese attack—the deadlines<br />
the Japanese had fi xed for serious negotiations with the<br />
United States to end, a December 3 intercept reporting that the<br />
Japanese were destroying their codes <strong>and</strong> code machines, <strong>and</strong> the<br />
U.S. Navy’s interception on December 4 <strong>of</strong> the Japanese “Winds<br />
Execute” indicating “War with Engl<strong>and</strong>, war with America, peace<br />
with Russia.” 121<br />
Marshall is Asked about “Winds Code”<br />
Mentioned in APHB Report<br />
Marshall returned to the hearings after meeting with Truman.<br />
His questioning continued with Representative Keefe, a tall man<br />
with broad shoulders, a lawyer with a deep voice when he wanted<br />
to use it. He interrogated Marshall vigorously, introducing into<br />
the record a great deal <strong>of</strong> information previously missed. He did<br />
not let the general evade responsibility for the failure to respond to<br />
Short’s inadequate sabotage alert, or for his unexplained unavailability<br />
during the evening <strong>of</strong> December 6 <strong>and</strong> the early morning<br />
hours <strong>of</strong> December 7. 122<br />
When Marshall took the witness seat on Th ursday, December<br />
13, Senator Lucas asked about the “Winds Code,” which had<br />
been mentioned in the APHB documents just released. Had<br />
121 Ibid., pp. 1443–97.<br />
122 Ibid., pp. 1421–22, 1429–30.