Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ...
Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ... Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy - Ludwig von Mises ...
U.S. Military Plans and Preparations 109 twice a week, so it took several days for an airmailed intercept to reach Washington. One J-19 message, sent from Tokyo on September 24 to Honolulu, was picked up in Hawaii and mailed, undecoded to Washington, where it was decoded, translated, and made available to the top military personnel in Washington on October 9, 1941. 70 In that message, the foreign minister in Tokyo asked the Japanese consul in Hawaii to set up a system for making regular reports on the movements of U.S. ships in and out of Pearl Harbor. Th is ships-in-harbor message became known as the “berthing plan,” or as the fi rst of the “bomb plot messages.” Pearl Harbor was not notifi ed. On November 15 Tokyo sent a cable to Honolulu, translated in Washington on December 3, which read, “As relations between Japan and the United States are most critical, make your ‘ships in harbor report’ irregular, but at a rate of twice a week.” 71 Pearl Harbor was not advised. On November 29 Tokyo cabled the consul in Honolulu: “We have been receiving reports from you on ship movements, but in future will you also report even when there are no movements.” 72 Washington decoded and translated this message on December 5. Pearl Harbor was not notifi ed. Many other ships-in-harbor messages referring to Pearl Harbor, some 39 in all, were transmitted back and forth between Tokyo and Honolulu during the two months prior to the Japanese attack. Due to the pressure of other demands on the decoders in Washington, however, only 25 of these crucial intercepts were deciphered, translated, and read before the attack. 73 Yet not a single one of those 25 deciphered and translated messages was sent 70 Joint Committee, Pearl Harbor Attack, part 12, p. 261. 71Ibid., part 12, p. 262. 72Ibid., part 12, p. 263. J-19, #122. (Tokyo to Honolulu, November 29, 1941) 73 Ibid., part 12, p. 254–70.
110 Pearl Harbor: The Seeds and Fruits of Infamy to the Army and Navy commanders in Hawaii—they were not even informed of their existence. To complete the record, it might be pointed out that intercepted Japanese cables revealed to our authorities in Washington that the Japanese were also watching ship movements in Manila. Some 59 messages were exchanged between Tokyo and the Philippines; all but two were deciphered and translated before December 7. Twenty-seven cables reporting on ship movements in and out of the Panama Canal were intercepted to and from Tokyo, 21 of which were deciphered and read before the attack on Pearl Harbor. We also intercepted eight Japanese cables between Tokyo and the west coast (San Francisco and Seattle), another eight that referred to southeast Asia and the Dutch East Indies, and a couple each concerning Vancouver (Canada) and Vladivostok (Russia). 74 Th e record shows that the ships in Pearl Harbor were those most closely under surveillance. Yet no hint was ever given Kimmel or Short that the Japanese, from September 24 on, were plotting regularly on grid charts the locations and movements of ships in Pearl Harbor, and forwarding this information to Tokyo. Nor was any hint ever given Kimmel or Short that as of mid- November, the Japanese consul had been asked to make these reports more frequently, “at a rate of twice a week,” or that he had been asked on November 29 to report “even when there are no ship movements.” In spite of Kimmel’s several requests for intelligence and in spite of the repeated reassurances that he would be kept informed, none of these vital intercepts was forwarded to the Pearl Harbor commanders before the attack. 74 Ibid., part 12, pp. 254, 270–316.
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110 <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong>: <strong>The</strong> <strong>Seeds</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fruits</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Infamy</strong><br />
to the Army <strong>and</strong> Navy comm<strong>and</strong>ers in Hawaii—they were not<br />
even informed <strong>of</strong> their existence.<br />
To complete the record, it might be pointed out that intercepted<br />
Japanese cables revealed to our authorities in Washington<br />
that the Japanese were also watching ship movements in Manila.<br />
Some 59 messages were exchanged between Tokyo <strong>and</strong> the<br />
Philippines; all but two were deciphered <strong>and</strong> translated before<br />
December 7. Twenty-seven cables reporting on ship movements<br />
in <strong>and</strong> out <strong>of</strong> the Panama Canal were intercepted to <strong>and</strong> from<br />
Tokyo, 21 <strong>of</strong> which were deciphered <strong>and</strong> read before the attack<br />
on <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong>. We also intercepted eight Japanese cables<br />
between Tokyo <strong>and</strong> the west coast (San Francisco <strong>and</strong> Seattle),<br />
another eight that referred to southeast Asia <strong>and</strong> the Dutch East<br />
Indies, <strong>and</strong> a couple each concerning Vancouver (Canada) <strong>and</strong><br />
Vladivostok (Russia). 74<br />
Th e record shows that the ships in <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong> were those<br />
most closely under surveillance. Yet no hint was ever given<br />
Kimmel or Short that the Japanese, from September 24 on, were<br />
plotting regularly on grid charts the locations <strong>and</strong> movements <strong>of</strong><br />
ships in <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong>, <strong>and</strong> forwarding this information to Tokyo.<br />
Nor was any hint ever given Kimmel or Short that as <strong>of</strong> mid-<br />
November, the Japanese consul had been asked to make these<br />
reports more frequently, “at a rate <strong>of</strong> twice a week,” or that he had<br />
been asked on November 29 to report “even when there are no<br />
ship movements.” In spite <strong>of</strong> Kimmel’s several requests for intelligence<br />
<strong>and</strong> in spite <strong>of</strong> the repeated reassurances that he would<br />
be kept informed, none <strong>of</strong> these vital intercepts was forwarded to<br />
the <strong>Pearl</strong> <strong>Harbor</strong> comm<strong>and</strong>ers before the attack.<br />
74 Ibid., part 12, pp. 254, 270–316.