European Journal of Scientific Research - EuroJournals

Nutritive Evaluation of Some Trees and Browse Species from Scotland 318
References
[1] Adugna, T., Khazaal, K., and Ørskov, E.R. (1997). Nutritive evaluation of some browse
species. Animal Feed Science and Technology 67: 181-195.
[2] Apori, S.O., Castro, F.B., Shand, W.J., and Ørskov, E.R. (1998). Chemical composition, in
sacco degradation and in vitro gas production of some Ghanaian browse plants. Animal Feed
Science and Technology 76: 129-137.
[3] Badran, A.M. and Jones, D.E. (1965). Polyethylene glycol- tannin interaction in extracting
enzyme. Nature, 206: 622-623
[4] Blummel, M., Makkar, H.P.S., and Becker, K. (1990). In vitro gas production: a technique
revisited. J. Anim. Physiol and Anim. Nutr. 77: 24-34
[5] Blummel, M. and Ørskov, E. R. (1993). Comparison of in vitro gas production and nylon bag
degradability of roughages in prediction of feed intake in cattle. Animal Feed Science and
Technology 40, 109-119.
[6] Devendra, C; (1990). The use of shrubs and tree fodders by ruminants. In: Shrubs and Tree
fodders for Farm Animals, proceedings of a workshop in Denpasar, Indonesia 24-29 July,
IDRC, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 42-60.
[7] Jones, W.T. and Mangan, J.L. (1977). Complexes of the condensed tannins of sainfoin with
fraction 1 leaf protein and with submaxillary mucoproteins and their reversal by polyethylene
glycol and p H J . Sci Food Agric., 28: 126-136.
[8] Khazaal, K., Markantonatos, X., Nastis, A. and Orskov, E.R. (1993). Changes with maturity in
fibre composition and levels of extractable poly phenols in Greek browse: Effects on in vitro
gas production and in sacco DM degradation. J. Sci. Food Agric., 63: 237-244
[9] Kibbon, A. and Ørskov, E.R. (1993). The use of degradation characteristics of browse plants to
predict intake and digestibility by goats. Anim. Prod. 57: 247- 251.
[10] Kumar, R. and Vaithiyanathan, S. (1990). Occurrence, nutritional significance and effect on
animal productivity of tannins in tree leaves. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech., 30: 21-38.
[11] Menke, K., Raab, L., Salewski, A., Steingass, H., Fritz, D. and Schneider, W. (1979). The
estimation of digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedstuffs from the gas
production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. J. Agric. Sci., Camb. 3: 217-
222.
[12] Odeyinka, S.M., Hector, B.L., Ørskov, E.R. (2003). Evaluation of the nutritive value of the
browse species Gliricidia sepium (Jacq). Walp, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. and
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp from Nigeria. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 12: 341-349
[13] Ørskov, E. R. (2000). New concepts of feed evaluation for Ruminants with Emphasis on
Roughages and Feed intake. Asian - Australian J. Anim. Sci 13: 128-136
[14] Ørskov , E.R and McDonald, I., (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen
from incubation measurements weighted according to the rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci., Camb.
92: 499-503.
[15] Ørskov E.R., Hovell F.D.DeB., Mould F., 1980. The use of the nylon bag technique for the
evaluation of feedstuffs. Trop. Anim. Prod. 5, 195-213
[16] Ørskov, E. R., Reid, G.W., and Kay, M.M. (1988). Prediction of intake by cattle from
degradation characteristics of roughages. Animal Production 46: 29-34
[17] Ørskov E.R., Ryle M., (1990). Energy Nutrition in Ruminants. Elsevier Applied Science,
London, UK pp 133-144
[18] Sundstoøl, F., Homb, T., Ekern, A. and Breirem, K (1986). Sammensetning og Naeringsverdi
av Norske Formidler. K.K. Heje Lommehandbok, P. F. Steensballes Forlag.
[19] Van Soest, P.J. (1983). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant O and B Books, Corvalis
[20] Woodword, A. and Reed, J.D. (1989). The influence of polyphenolics on the nutritive value of
browse: a summary of research conducted at ILCA. ILCA Bull. 35: 2-11