Great Lakes Dairy Sheep Symposium - the Department of Animal ...

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milk yield (kg/d) 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 sampling healthy infected Figure 13 - Milk lactation curve in Sarda dairy ewes with udder classified healthy and infected using our method. Practical Implications The economic importance of persistency makes it desirable to have a flock with many ewes with lactation curves as flat as possible. Even though exogenous administration of hormones (like ST, PRL and OT) effectively increases milk yield, we believe that permanent and profitable results can be achieved by: a) enhancing technical practices, b) focusing on better genetic goals for dairy sheep, c) taking care of udder health. Genetic improvement for persistency leads to animals with high mammary storage capacity, longer lifetime of secretory cells and high levels of lactogen hormones. Improving prolificacy increases persistency directly by increasing the population of secretory cells at the beginning of lactation and indirectly by the more complete and frequent evacuation of the udder by the suckling twins. A larger udder storage cistern makes milk loss due to less frequent milking negligible. In general, a 3x, 2x and 1x daily milking protocol can conveniently be adopted for sheep 1-80 days in milking (DIM), 80-160 DIM and >160 DIM, respectively. However, milk yield gains/losses over the continuous 2X routine must be carefully evaluated, taking into account market milk price evolution, milking and handling costs and the interference with feeding requirements, and especially the DM intake in grazing management conditions.
Finally, udder health has to be continuously monitored by using SCC, conductivity or CMT test. Subclinical mastitis depreciates the value of milk by lowering its quality and severely affects lactation persistency and, lastly, total milk production per ewe. Acknowledgements: Work funded by Cofin PRIN ex 40% Project “Intellatte: Processi cognitivi, benessere e produzione negli ovini da latte”. We would like to acknowledge the suggestions of Ana Helena Dias Francesconi and Peter Norton. References Adams, N.R., and Briegel, J.R. 2005. Multiple effects of an additional growth hormone gene in adult sheep. J. Anim. Sci., 83:1868-1874. Akers, R.M. 2002. Lactation and the mammary gland. Ed. R.M. Akers, Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa. Allen J.C. 1990. Milk synthesis and secretion rates in cows with milk composition changed by oxytocin. J. Dairy Sci., 73:975-984. Baldi A. 1999. Manipulation of milk production and quality by use of somatotropin in dairy ruminants other than cow. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol., 17:131-137 Baldi A., Chiofalo V., Savoini G., Greco R., Polidori F., and Politis I. 1997. Changes in plasmin, plasminogen and plasminogen activator activities in milk of late lactating ewes: effects of bovine somatotropin (bst) treatment. Liv. Prod. Sci., 50:43-44. Baldi A., Modina S., Cheli F., Gandolfi F., Pinotti L., Scesi L. Baraldi, Fantuz F., and Dell'Orto V. 2002. Bovine somatotropin administration to dairy goats in late lactation: effects on mammary gland function, composition and morphology. J. Dairy Sci., 85:1093-1102. Barillet, F. 1985. Amelioration genetique de la composition du lait de brebis. L’exemple de la race Lacaune. Ph. D. dissertation, Inst. Natl. Rech. Agron., Paris-Grignon, France. Barillet, F. 1997. Genetics in milk production. In L. Piper and F. Ruwinsky Eds. The genetics of sheep. CAB International, London, UK, pp. 539-564. Barillet, F., Marie, C., Jacquin, M., Lagriffoul, G., Astrue, and J. M. 2001. The French Lacaune dairy sheep breed: use in France and abroad in the last 40 years. Liv. Prod. Sci. 71:17-29. Battaglini A., De Maria C., Dell’Aquila. S., and Taibi L. 1979. Effetti della soppressione di una mungitura giornaliera sulla produzione e su talune caratteristiche qualitative del latte di pecore di razza Comisana. Ann. Ist. Sper. Zootec., 12: 1-11. Bencini R. 1993. The sheep as a dairy animal: lactation, production of milk and its suitability for cheese making. Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. Bergonier, D., and Berthelot, X. 2003. New advances in epizootiology and control of ewe mastitis. Livest. Prod. Sci. 79, 1–16. Bocquier F., Ligios S., Molle G., and Casu S. 1997. Effect de la photopériode sur la production, la composition du lait et sur les consommations volontaires chez la brebis laitière. Ann. Zootech., 46:427-438. Boe F., and Pulina G. 2005. Ovisoft®. A software for dairy sheep farm simulation. In press. Borski R. J. 2000. Nongenomic membrane actions of glucocorticoids in vertebrates. Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 10: 427-436. 61
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Proceedings of the 11 th Annual GRE
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Table of Contents Program of Events
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Program of Events Thursday, Novembe
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Speakers at the symposium site in B
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Gold: Sponsors Babcock Institute fo
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“YOU WANT TO MILK WHAT?” IMPORT
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already have their milking faciliti
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efficient or just selling milk (or
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production doubles. However, there
Page 19 and 20: Total production (pounds) Percentag
Page 21 and 22: Milk production (pounds) Average mi
Page 23 and 24: Percentage of ewes in each system 1
Page 25 and 26: 5. Ice Cream and Butter: • raw mi
Page 27 and 28: 3. Fresh Cheeses made from pasteuri
Page 29 and 30: The Vermont Cheese Council (www.vtc
Page 31 and 32: 1 x Brine Tank (10’ long x 3 ft.
Page 33 and 34: LAMB REARING STRATEGIES: FARMER PAN
Page 35 and 36: BONNIEVIEW FARM’S LAMB REARING ST
Page 37 and 38: REARING LAMBS AT 3-CORNER FIELD FAR
Page 39 and 40: PROFITABILITY OF SMALL RUMINANT FAR
Page 41 and 42: Table I. General Farm Description L
Page 43 and 44: Table 4. Business Balance Sheet Ass
Page 45 and 46: Table 5. Income Statement Income Av
Page 47 and 48: Lifestyle is a definite reason for
Page 49 and 50: Grossman et al., 1999). Animals wit
Page 51 and 52: Physiological Factors Affecting Lac
Page 53 and 54: Recently, it has been hypothesized
Page 55 and 56: (co)variate in the genetic model us
Page 57 and 58: show that milk production increases
Page 59 and 60: Figure 6 - Lactation curves of ewes
Page 61 and 62: milk yield (g/d) 3000 2500 2000 150
Page 63 and 64: a genetic potential to produce more
Page 65 and 66: when compared with the control grou
Page 67 and 68: probability (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 1
Page 69: considered “healthy” if every S
Page 73 and 74: De Maria Ghionna C., Dell’Aquila.
Page 75 and 76: Manalu, W., Sumaryadi, M.Y., Sudjat
Page 77 and 78: Rupp R., Boichard D., Barbat A., As
Page 79 and 80: Introduction MILK FAT SYNTHESIS AND
Page 81 and 82: The variety of fatty acids allows t
Page 83 and 84: Germany); we have shown previously
Page 85 and 86: Manipulating Milk Fatty Acid Compos
Page 87 and 88: increase in rumen output of vacceni
Page 89 and 90: Luna et al., 2005; Nudda et al., 20
Page 91 and 92: Cabiddu, A., M. Decandia, M. Addis,
Page 93 and 94: MANAGING YOUR OWN RETAIL SHOP: MARK
Page 95 and 96: The Reality our feta demonstrates t
Page 97 and 98: Meat and meat dishes: 1. Legs: whol
Page 99 and 100: 5. We have daily visits from chefs
Page 101 and 102: HOW TO GRAZE DAIRY SHEEP AND SUPPLE
Page 103 and 104: significantly increase milk product
Page 105 and 106: All parameters are significantly di
Page 107 and 108: Table 6 - Dry matter intake and mil
Page 109 and 110: animals can reduce intake, as they
Page 111 and 112: Milk fat and protein concentrations
Page 113 and 114: fat concentration can be used as a
Page 115 and 116: (1998), working with adult Sarda ew
Page 117 and 118: equirements. The relationship found
Page 119 and 120: that there have not been enough stu
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Grazing methods Grazing methods are
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How should the number of paddocks b
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Table 16 - Description of four past
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a) concentrates supplied during mil
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References Arnold G.W., and Dudzins
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supplemented with corn grain. Optio
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succeeding add on pastures smaller
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diverse forage have much to do with
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dairy farming. In fact, Vermont agr
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thermized (holding at a temperature
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speaking, the risks associated with
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FARMER PANEL ON LABOR HOW TO ATTRAC
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• Animal Health Products • Spec
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Cultivating Healthy Communities UVM
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139
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Hudson Valley Camemberts Pure Sheep
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Premier Dairy Service, LLC Argyle,
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www.vermontagriculture.com 145
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