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Currently, there is no commercial product available Recently, the firm Procter & Gamble announced their intention to launch an intelligent slip on the market. The aim is to notify the female wearer when ovulation is coming or when she will start to menstruate. To determine the ovulation, a layer of silicones is used covered with a thin plastic film. The silicones react to hormonal changes that are characteristic for the ovulation period and expand a little. The small thickening modifies the refraction of the light, resulting in a violet dot on a golden background. To determine the menstruation period, two indicators are necessary. In the first place, a resin is used which turns blue at the presence of the smallest trace of blood. The second product is an acid which turns red at a pH between 4 and 7. These two indicators together give a purple colour, approximately four hours before the start of the menstruation. Benjamin Miller and colleagues of the University of Rochester, New York State, US, have developed a sensor that generates an easy recognizable array of colours that signify dangerous or antibioticresistant strains. So far, the device produces only a very small colour change, which is not detectable with the naked eye. Most bacteria are either Gram-positive or Gram-negative. A dye called crystal violet stains Grampositive bacteria blue-violet and Gram-negative bacteria red. This staining procedure was discovered in 1884 by the Danish biologist Christian Joachim Gram and is still used today to distinguish the two cell types. Miller’s team hope to replace the cumbersome staining procedure with a simple process that registers the difference instantly and in situ. Therefore they will use silicon-based light-emitting devices. When Gram-negative bacteria stick to the surface of porous silicon, the colour of the light emitted changes slightly. the researchers make the silicon attract Gram-negative, but not Grampositive bacteria, by coating it with specially designed molecules that hook chemicals groups only present on Gram-negative microbes. Eventually this may lead to the development of smart bandages that could soon alert doctors to the presence of certain bacteria in a wound by glowing different colours. 131
2.8.1.2 Patents published 2.8.2 Applications in the interior textile sector 2.8.2.1 Research projects and products Textile with sonic properties is also object of research in the framework of the Swedish programme IT+Textiles of the Interactive Institute. The project ‘Mute’ is based on the idea of sound-absorbent textile surfaces in public, office, school or daycare settings. In this case the textile changes its spatial form as a response to certain conditions. In order produce a textile that has different acoustic properties depending on its state, changes in its surface are necessary. For this purpose a model of textile blocks sliding in and out between in each other was created. It uses tiny pneumatic cylinders and a compressor. Thus, the fabric changes its acoustic properties by stretching, as with stretching the fabric its ability to dampen the sound is reduced. So far, this project is mainly conceptual, but it will progress [8]. 2.8.2.2 Patents published 2.8.3 Applications in the technical textile sector 2.8.3.1 Research projects and products A further examples of the use of ceramics in textiles is Masonic N from Kanebo, which is a Nylon filament with ceramic microparticles incorporated. Auxetic materials By definition, an auxetic (or negative Poisson’s ratio) material expands in all directions when pulled in only one, giving therefore a deformation kinematics opposite to that of ‘conventional’ materials. They are developed for sutures, although they are demanding strength and expansion. Commercialised products are far away. They are also used for arterial prostheses (where any extensive blood pressure results in a firming of the arterial wall) and artery dilators (where tension can be applied to expand auxetic sheats laterally) W.L.Gore has commercialised a PTFE (GoreTex PTFE) that is used in arterial sheats. The German curtain and decorative textile manufacturer ADO International marketed a fabric that can split up harmful substances, like nicotine or formaldehyde, into their harmless elements carbon dioxide and water vapour. The so-called ActiBreeze textile is based on a photocatalytic reaction. When light 132
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Clevertex Development of a strategi
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Table of Content 2.3.1 Description
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Against this background, the presen
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A search to the first intelligent t
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Besides metal fibres and yarns also
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Fig. 1 Diagram of the bundle drawin
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However, they cannot provide unifor
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The Textile Research Institute of T
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Researchers at the Electronics Depa
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ergonomic comfort, and high piëzor
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mp3players and mobile phones. They
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The American-based company Logitech
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2.1.3.1.2 Stretch sensors Stretch s
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However, next to monitoring device
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substrate and fabricated at high pr
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Fig. 17 Structure of a Personal hea
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A first step towards wearable elect
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The Finnish company Clothing+ relea
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textile keypad has been developed b
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Fig. 28 Snowboard glove with integr
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purchase to be recorded at the leve
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This project juxtaposes electricity
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Additionally, XS Labs, a design res
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y pressing the ”+” and ”-”
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Philips published a patent on defor
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Heating and cooling jacket Fig. 43
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• the inner layer is made of Cool
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Fig. 47 SmartShirt Texile Platform
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problem should be taken care of at
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the result of the coupled conductiv
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Fig. 54 The smart second skin [120]
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exercises. The data base analyses t
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power and ground planes, the circui
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especially in carpets. In this case
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construction, an extra wire is need
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Fig. 67 FiberThermics® by Thermoso
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2.1.5.4 Patents published 2.1.6 App
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coated Copper wires. Further, they
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effects such as violet becoming red
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chiral nematic phase is its ability
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esume their original chemical struc
Page 87 and 88: The American company Color Change C
Page 89 and 90: International Fashion Machines prod
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 81 Fashion Victim [147] They p
Page 93 and 94: Telecommunication Optical fibres ar
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 82 Crystal Fibre [148] More co
Page 97 and 98: on a Jacquard loom before being pro
Page 99 and 100: The company VISSON in co-operation
Page 101 and 102: Fig. 88 Reima Robotec overall [161]
Page 103 and 104: A mixture of four components (a liq
Page 105 and 106: generated by a light source and is
Page 107 and 108: material which scatters or diffuses
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 95 PCM microcapsules coated on
Page 111 and 112: 2.4.3.1 Research projects and produ
Page 113 and 114: 2.4.3.2 Patents published The Secre
Page 115 and 116: automatic healing response. The mat
Page 117 and 118: Fig. 101 Ms beginning martensite -
Page 119 and 120: Shape memory polymers possess some
Page 121 and 122: fibroin, keratin and collagen, drie
Page 123 and 124: made out of this fabric. The sleeve
Page 125 and 126: Toray Industries and Marmot Mountai
Page 127 and 128: Polymers Study is now on the way to
Page 129 and 130: Fig. 110 Flap opening in the textil
Page 131 and 132: increasing quantities of the aqueou
Page 133 and 134: allows the production of several fu
Page 135 and 136: 2.7.2 Technology 2.7.3 Applications
Page 137: So far, a dress, messenger bags and
Page 141 and 142: esearch objectives and five cross-c
Page 143 and 144: 2.9.2.2 My Heart The MyHeart projec
Page 145 and 146: Commission. 31 partners from 10 Eur
Page 147 and 148: andage. Therefore, active (controll
Page 149 and 150: [18] Scheibner, W., Feustel, M., Mo
Page 151 and 152: [54] Starner, T., “Human-powered
Page 153 and 154: [88] Galbraith, M., “elroy”, ht
Page 155 and 156: [124] We make money not art: The Em
Page 157 and 158: [161] Clothing +, “Reima Robotec
Page 159 and 160: [197] Kontturi, K., Vuorio, M., “
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