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2.5.2.2 Patents published The Japanese company Mitsubishi Jukogyo succeeded to produce fibres from shape memory polymers. The polymer is a polyurethane elastomer with a glass transition temperature of about 40°C. Yarn is either produced by spinning of pure fibres or by mixing with other fibres. The yarns are then being woven. The fabric gets a certain shape at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature. Heating the fabric beyond that temperature, it obtains another shape. In that shape, it is cooled down its glass transition temperature. When the woven is reheated beyond the glass transition temperature, it will regain its original shape (US 5128197). Philips invented a pocket, suitable for incorporation in garments or luggage, which prevents any items held in the pockets from falling out inadvertently. For this purpose they used a shape memory alloy that contracts and thus performs a closing action of the pocket opening when it is heated (US 6834797). Further, Philips utilizes shape memory alloys for tactile feedback devices. The devices consist of an elastic body to which a shape memory alloy is attached. When applying power to the system, the shape memory alloy assumes a shape that causes a tactile feedback to the user (Us 2003/0181116). 2.5.3 Applications in the interior textile sector 2.5.3.1 Research projects and products Gels Matresses: The patented Lever Support System is an exclusive technology developed and tested by Strobel Technologies 2.5.3.2 Patents published 2.5.4 Applications in the technical textile sector 2.5.4.1 Research projects and products Alloys Shape memory alloys are used in different surgical implants including stents. For example they are used in the field of orthodontics, where enabling braces are inserted more easily before tightening in situ. 119
Polymers Study is now on the way to apply FRP (fibre reinforced plastics) in which shape memory polymers are used as matrix resin to the inflatable structure in space. This program, initiated by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, aims at compact folding of the FRP moulded to final shape to transport to the space before expanding it to the original shape in space [192]. Fig. 109 Inflatable space material [192] C.R.Bard (U.S.) and mnemoScience GmbH (Germany) are co-operating in the field of shape memory polymers for surgical use, for example yarn based sutures (polyurethane) that change form in the body. Scientists working at MnemoScience GmbH developed a ´shape-shifting´ plastic that can be fashioned into novel medical devices such as sutures that allow an optimized tightening of the knot. The plastic is composed of two components with different thermal characteristics, oligo(ε-caprolactone)diol and crystallisable oligo(ρ-dioxane)diol. The multiblockcopolymer features two blockbuilding segments, a hard and a switching segment, which are linked together in linear chains. The plastic can be stretched or strunched into temporary forms up to four times larger or smaller than its permanent shape. The plastic is automatically transformed into this permanent shape when exposed to a suitable external stimulus, such as increase in temperature. As the material is biodegradable, it can dissolve after the wound is healed and is harmlessly absorbed by the body. Additionammy, shape memory polymers can enable a slow release of drugs to be applied to the stents surface in order to prevent cell build up in situ. 2.5.4.2 Patents published Kimberly-Clark uses humidity sensitive shape memory materials to develop hygiene products that become more compact and hence more effective when moisture is sensed, improving the comfort level. The shape memory materials can be in the form of films, fibres, filaments, strands, non-wovens, and pre-moulded elements (US 6 627 673). 120
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Clevertex Development of a strategi
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Table of Content 2.3.1 Description
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Against this background, the presen
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A search to the first intelligent t
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Besides metal fibres and yarns also
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Fig. 1 Diagram of the bundle drawin
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However, they cannot provide unifor
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The Textile Research Institute of T
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Researchers at the Electronics Depa
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ergonomic comfort, and high piëzor
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mp3players and mobile phones. They
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The American-based company Logitech
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2.1.3.1.2 Stretch sensors Stretch s
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However, next to monitoring device
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substrate and fabricated at high pr
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Fig. 17 Structure of a Personal hea
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A first step towards wearable elect
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The Finnish company Clothing+ relea
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textile keypad has been developed b
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Fig. 28 Snowboard glove with integr
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purchase to be recorded at the leve
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This project juxtaposes electricity
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Additionally, XS Labs, a design res
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y pressing the ”+” and ”-”
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Philips published a patent on defor
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Heating and cooling jacket Fig. 43
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• the inner layer is made of Cool
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Fig. 47 SmartShirt Texile Platform
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problem should be taken care of at
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the result of the coupled conductiv
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Fig. 54 The smart second skin [120]
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exercises. The data base analyses t
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power and ground planes, the circui
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especially in carpets. In this case
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construction, an extra wire is need
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67 FiberThermics® by Thermoso
Page 77 and 78: 2.1.5.4 Patents published 2.1.6 App
Page 79 and 80: coated Copper wires. Further, they
Page 81 and 82: effects such as violet becoming red
Page 83 and 84: chiral nematic phase is its ability
Page 85 and 86: esume their original chemical struc
Page 87 and 88: The American company Color Change C
Page 89 and 90: International Fashion Machines prod
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 81 Fashion Victim [147] They p
Page 93 and 94: Telecommunication Optical fibres ar
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 82 Crystal Fibre [148] More co
Page 97 and 98: on a Jacquard loom before being pro
Page 99 and 100: The company VISSON in co-operation
Page 101 and 102: Fig. 88 Reima Robotec overall [161]
Page 103 and 104: A mixture of four components (a liq
Page 105 and 106: generated by a light source and is
Page 107 and 108: material which scatters or diffuses
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 95 PCM microcapsules coated on
Page 111 and 112: 2.4.3.1 Research projects and produ
Page 113 and 114: 2.4.3.2 Patents published The Secre
Page 115 and 116: automatic healing response. The mat
Page 117 and 118: Fig. 101 Ms beginning martensite -
Page 119 and 120: Shape memory polymers possess some
Page 121 and 122: fibroin, keratin and collagen, drie
Page 123 and 124: made out of this fabric. The sleeve
Page 125: Toray Industries and Marmot Mountai
Page 129 and 130: Fig. 110 Flap opening in the textil
Page 131 and 132: increasing quantities of the aqueou
Page 133 and 134: allows the production of several fu
Page 135 and 136: 2.7.2 Technology 2.7.3 Applications
Page 137 and 138: So far, a dress, messenger bags and
Page 139 and 140: 2.8.1.2 Patents published 2.8.2 App
Page 141 and 142: esearch objectives and five cross-c
Page 143 and 144: 2.9.2.2 My Heart The MyHeart projec
Page 145 and 146: Commission. 31 partners from 10 Eur
Page 147 and 148: andage. Therefore, active (controll
Page 149 and 150: [18] Scheibner, W., Feustel, M., Mo
Page 151 and 152: [54] Starner, T., “Human-powered
Page 153 and 154: [88] Galbraith, M., “elroy”, ht
Page 155 and 156: [124] We make money not art: The Em
Page 157 and 158: [161] Clothing +, “Reima Robotec
Page 159 and 160: [197] Kontturi, K., Vuorio, M., “
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